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marginalize
marginalize, v. rare. (ˈmɑːdʒɪnəlaɪz) [f. marginal + -ize.] trans. and intr. To make marginal notes (upon).a 1832 Bentham Mem. & Corr. Wks. 1843 X. 68, I used..to marginalize and make notes on cards. 1872 F. Jacox Aspects of Authorship 102 Augustine's Confessions..he [Abp. Leighton] similarly margin...
Oxford English Dictionary
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Modi's 'divine India' vision threatens to marginalize millions
2 days agoModi's vision of a "divine India" is a far cry from the ideas of the modern country's founding fathers. During nearly a decade in power, the prime minister has enveloped himself in the ...
www.cnn.com
Modi's 'divine India' vision threatens to marginalize millions
7 days agoModi's vision of a "divine India" is a far cry from the ideas of the modern country's founding fathers. During nearly a decade in power, the prime minister has enveloped himself in the ...
edition.cnn.com
Democracy Can't Survive Unless the Far Right Is Marginalized - TIME
March 19, 2021 6:30 AM EDT. Drutman is the author of Breaking the Two-Party Doom Loop: The Case for Multiparty Democracy in America. He is a senior fellow at the think tank New America, a lecturer ...
time.com
peripheralize
peˈripheraˌlize, v. [f. peripheral a. + -ize.] trans. To consign to the margin or periphery; to marginalize.1987 Amer. Ethnologist XIV. 646 Within the Austro-Hungarian monarchy of the late 19th century, Transylvania was doubly peripheralized. 1989 English Today Apr. 6/2 There is a close parallel bet...
Oxford English Dictionary
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Gulf Centre for Democratic Development
In September 2006, the GCDD issued a document revealing a political conspiracy within the government of Bahrain to marginalize its Shia population and
wikipedia.org
en.wikipedia.org
marginalization
marginalization, n. (ˌmɑːdʒɪnəlaɪˈzeɪʃən) [f. marginalize v. + -ation, or ad. F. marginalisation.] The process or result of becoming or making marginal, esp. as a group within a larger society.1973 Universities Q. Summer 283 This process of inpoverishment [sic]..Latin American investigators have rig...
Oxford English Dictionary
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What does it mean to "marginalize noise"? Reading this article on the dropout method for neural networks. Here (page 21/30, should jump straight to that page) they talk about viewing the dropout method as a way to int...
They probably use the word marginalize because they are "removing" the stochasticity of the random variables (i.e. dropout units), yet achieving the same
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Partial Marginalization of 3 variable conditional probability I have a 3 variable (A,B,C) joint distribution function made according to the formula C := A + B; A and B are independent. So, the probability distribution...
Notice that because $C=A+B$ , then: $$~\mathsf P(C=z\mid A=x, B=y) ~ = ~ \begin{cases} 1 &:& x+y=z~,~x\in\\{0,1\\}~,~y\in \\{0,1\\}\\\\[0.5ex]0 &:& \text{elsewhere}\end{cases}$$ So, therefore: $$\begin{align} \mathsf P(A=x, B=y, C=z) ~ = ~ & \mathsf P(A=x) ~ \mathsf P(B=y) ~ \mathbf 1_{x+y=z} \\\\[1...
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Why is it so easy to marginalize a multivariate random distribution? From wikipedia: > To obtain the marginal distribution over a subset of multivariate normal random variables, one only needs to drop the irrelevant ...
This should readily follow if you look at the expression for the moment generating function (M.G.F.) for a multivariate normal density. M.G.F. looks like: $E_X(e^{t'X}) = e^{\mu't + 0.5t'\Sigma t}$ for any real $n$-vector $t$, where $X = (X_1, X_2,...,X_n)$ is multivariate normal $N_n(\mu,\Sigma)$ r...
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How do you marginalize in graphical model elimination? I'm reading Michael I. Jordan's book on probabilistic graphical models, and I don't understand the elimination algorithm presented in chapter 3. To narrow the que...
I'm realizing now that it's just regular matrix multiplication. For the case above, let $p(x_5|x_3)$ and $p(\bar{x_6}|x_2,x_5)$ be represented by $r\\!\times\\!s$ and $s\\!\times\\! t$ matrices, respectively, where $x_5$ can take on $s$ different values. Then, for each element $m_{ij}$ of $m_5$, we ...
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Is it true in general that $E_Z(E(Y\mid X, Z)) = E(Y\mid X)$ in that conditioning variables can be removed one by one? I am wondering if it is generally the case that $$ E_Z(E(Y\mid X, Z)) = E(Y\mid X) $$ in that c...
I think you are right. Here is my proof. \begin{align} E(Y|X) & = \sum_{y} y P(Y=y|X) \\\ & = \sum_{y} \sum_z y P(Y=y,Z=z|X) \\\ & = \sum_{y} \sum_z y P(Y=y| Z=z,X) P(Z) \\\ & = E_z \left[\sum_{y} y P(Y=y| Z=z,X) \right] \\\ & = E_z \left[E(Y|Z,X) \right] \end{align}
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Components of Multivariate normal, and their distributions I have a random vector X ~ Normal(m, $\Sigma$). Now, according to wiki, any linear combination of components of this random vector is normal. 1) But are the...
If you marginalize some components then you'll get a subvector living in a space isomorphic to subspace of a projection of your original vector.
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Dice role: What is the probability to observe 2 times 1 and 2 times 5 with the outcome of a fifth die role being unknown? I tried to solve the following exercise: Given a dice with $P(X=2) = P(X=4) = P(X=5) = \frac{2...
You were mostly okay, except for the cases where you have three ones or three fives. (Also note the multinomial coefficient in the other cases .) $$\begin{equation*} \begin{split} &\sum_{i\in\\{2,3,4,6\\}} \tfrac{5!}{2! \cdot 2! \cdot 1!}~ (\tfrac{2}{10})^2~(\tfrac{2}{15})^2 ~\mathsf P(X{=}i)^1 ~+~\...
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Showing Independence of quotient and sum of Chi-Squared Random Variables Let $X_i$ denote $\chi_{r_i}^2$ i.i.d random variables, where $r_i$ is a (possibly distinct) positive integer for each $i$. I want to verify tha...
Let $X_1 = \xi_1^2 + \dots + \xi_n^2$, $X_2 = \xi_{n+1}^2 + \dots + \xi_{n+m}^2$, where $\xi_i$, $i=1,\dots,n+m$, are independent standard Gaussian variables. Since the distribution of $(\xi_1,\dots,\xi_{n+m})$ is radially symmetric, then, given $X_1 + X_2 = \xi_1^2 + \dots + \xi_{n+m}^2 = R$, the r...
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