▪ I. side, n.1
(saɪd)
Forms: 1– side (1 siide, 3 siðe, 4 sijde, zide), 4–5 sid (4 said); 2–6 syde (4 syide, zyde, 5 syede, cyyde, 9 dial. seyde), 5–7 syd (5 syyd).
[Common Teut.: OE. s{iacu}de, = OFris. (and mod.Fris.) side, MDu. side, zide (Du. zijde) and sië, syë (Du. zij), OS. sîde (MLG. side), OHG. sîta (MHG. sîte, G. seite), ON. and Icel. s{iacu}ða (MSw. siþa, sidha, Sw. and Norw. sida, Da. side); not recorded in Gothic. Perhaps connected with side a., and originally denoting the long part or aspect of a thing.
The form siðe in Gen. & Ex. 1295 is prob. ad. ON. s{iacu}ða.]
I. 1. a. Either of the two lateral surfaces or parts of the trunk in persons or animals, extending between the shoulders and the hips; the corresponding part in fishes, reptiles, etc.
| c 725 Corpus Gloss. L 328 Lumbus, side. c 900 tr. Baeda's Hist. iii. vii. [ix.] (1890) 178 His hors..ongon wealwian, & on æᵹhwæðre siidan hit ᵹelomlice oferwearp. c 950 Lindisf. Gosp. John xix. 34 An ðara cempa mið spere sidu his untynde. c 1000 ælfric Gen. ii. 21 Þa ᵹenam he an ribb of his sidan. c 1175 Lamb. Hom. 147 Weren his side mid speres orde iopened. c 1200 Ormin 4777 Shulldre, & bacc, & side, & halls, & hæfedd. c 1275 Sinners Beware 266 in O.E. Misc., Þer cumeþ god myd his rode, His honde and his syde al a blode. a 1300 Cursor M. 627 Vte of his side..Wit-oten sare a rib he tok. 1390 Gower Conf. I. 40 Whan the sharpnesse of the spore The horse side smit to sore. c 1420 Lydg. Assembly of Gods 349 She weryd ii bokelers, oon by her syde. 1486 Bk. St. Albans e iij b, With the hede, With the shulderis and the sides. c 1530 Ld. Berners Arth. Lyt. Bryt. 339 Syr, there is two ribbes broken in sir Rowlandes syde. 1592 Shakes. Ven. & Ad. 625 His brawny sides, with hairy bristles arm'd. 1646 Sir T. Browne Pseud. Ep. 342 Were this true, it would autoptically silence that dispute out of which side Eve was framed. 1697 Dryden Virg. Georg. iii. 344 Their Dewlaps and their Sides are bath'd in Gore. 1743 Bulkeley & Cummins Voy. S. Seas 145 Down his Sides, and all the Belly Part, is white Wool. 1782 F. Burney Cecilia v. xii, With a look that implied ‘I'll fit you for this!’ [he] put his hands to his sides. 1824 Mrs. Cameron Pink Tippet i. 7 Esther Jones was now come out at the door, her arms were on her side. 1879 Browning Halbert & Hob 30 At once did [he]..Drop chin to breast, drop hands to sides. |
| fig. 1605 Shakes. Macb. i. vii. 26, I haue no Spurre To pricke the sides of my intent. 1620 T. Peyton Glasse of Time 62 The earth henceforth shall now no more endure Vnlesse thou till, and much her sides manure. 1738 tr. Guazzo's Art Convers. 159 Evil Princes have evil sides; that is, bad Counsellors. |
† b. Used with reference to generation or birth. (
Cf. loin n. 2 b.)
Obs.| a 900 O.E. Martyrol. 26 June 106 Hiᵹ wæron acennede of Constantines sidan,..þæt ys of ᵹestreonde. a 1400–50 Alexander 348 Now has þou, woman,..with-in þi twa sydis Consayued him. c 1485 Digby Myst. (1882) iii. 1758 Þe chyld þat be-twyx my sydes lay. 1500–20 Dunbar Poems lxxxvi. 25 Thy blyssit sydis bair the campioun. 1634 Milton Comus 1009 From her fair unspotted side Two blissful twins are to be born. 1817 Shelley Rev. Islam Ded. ix, From thy side two gentle babes are born. |
c. In phrases denoting the effect of exertion in speaking (after L.
latera), or boisterous mirth.
| (a) 1604 Hieron Wks. I. 485 O master preacher!..Spare your sides. I am well enough. 1621 Sanderson Serm. I. 215 Having thus dispatched my message, it is now time I should spare both your ears, and my own sides. a 1626 Bp. Andrewes 96 Serm. xix. (1661) 394 It confirmed them: it gave them sides, and strength. |
| (b) 1611 Shakes. Cymb. i. vi. 69 The iolly Britaine..laughes from 's free lungs: cries, oh, Can my sides hold, to think [etc.]. 1632 Milton L'Allegro 32 Sport that wrincled Care derides, And Laughter holding both his sides. 1687 T. Brown Saints in Uproar Wks. 1730 I. 80 You'd break a man's sides with laughing. 1781 Cowper Expost. 548 It shakes the sides of splenetic disdain. 1840 Dickens Old C. Shop li, Tom Scott..bade fair to split his sides with laughing. |
d. In
phr. through the sides of, denoting an indirect attack on a person or thing.
| 1684 Bunyan Holy Life Wks. 1855 II. 527 There are many that..watch for an opportunity to speak against him, even through the sides of those that profess him. 1699 M. Henry Life P. Henry in Wordsw. Eccl. Biogr. (1818) VI. 268 That the name of God..be not blasphemed, nor religion wounded through their sides. 1791 Boswell Johnson an. 1768, About this time Dr. Kenrick attacked him, through my sides, in a pamphlet. 1801 Strutt Sports & Past. Introd. §33 The other party, who..were not sparing in their severity, but wounded the ordinance itself through the sides of its defender. |
2. a. In phrases denoting close proximity to a person (properly to one hand or the other), as
by one's side.
| a 825 Vesp. Psalter xc. 7 Fallað from sidan ðire ðusend & ten ðusend. 971 Blickl. Hom. 43 Naht feor from þæs mæsse⁓preostes sidan. c 1205 Lay. 25756 Arður eode abute, & his cnihtes bi his siden. c 1300 Havelok 371 Knictes an sweynes bi here siden. 1593 Shakes. Rich. II, iii. ii. 80 All Soules that will be safe, flye from my side. 1667 Milton P.L. xi. 176 Let us forth, I never from thy side henceforth to stray. 1697 Dryden Virg. Georg. iv. 680 Th' Infernal Troops..list'ning, crowd the sweet Musician's side. 1749 Gray Installat. Ode 34 With Freedom by my side, and soft-eyed Melancholy. 1784 Cowper Task vi. 40 Allur'd By ev'ry gilded folly, we renounc'd His shelt'ring side. 1848 Thackeray Van. Fair xxxii, She passed five hours by her friend's side. 1859 Tennyson Geraint & Enid 14 Not at my side. I charge thee ride before. |
b. side by side, (
a) (also
side † for side,
† side to side), close together and abreast of each other; in later use also of things, and
freq. const. with; also (hyphened) as
attrib. phr. Hence
side-by-sideness.
| c 1205 Lay. 19824 Þa duȝeðe..hine þer bureden bi leofen his broðer; side bi side beiene heo þer liggeð. 13.. Cursor M. 1786 (Gött.), Thinc no man ferli þat þar suam Side bi side, bath wolf and man. c 1450 in Aungier Syon (1840) 347 So that the syngers sytte togyder syde to syde. 1529 in Proc. Berw. Nat. Club II. 63 note, Their plouche is drawen be foure beastis going syde for syde. 1614 J. King Vitis Palatina 30 They that walk side to side, and cheeke to cheeke, walke as companions. 1637 Rutherford Lett. (1862) I. clxxxviii. 463 That proud thing, myself, will not play, except it ride up side for side with Christ. 1686 tr. Chardin's Trav. Persia 88 They rank themselves, either in a circle, or side by side. 1749 Fielding Tom Jones iv. viii, The sculls lay side by side. 1810 Scott Lady of L. i. xii, Fox-glove and night-shade, side by side. 1850 Tennyson In Mem. cxiv, A higher hand must..guide Her footsteps, moving side by side With wisdom. 1908 Daily Chron. 29 Nov. 9/5 The side-car..has the advantages of ready convertibility, low cost, and high speed..together with the far greater sociability afforded by the side-by-side accommodation. 1930 Times Educ. Suppl. 27 Dec. p. i/3 Side-by-side valves instead of the overhead valves. 1956 R. Redfield Peasant Society & Culture i. 20 Those early comparisons were side-by-side comparisons of societies unaffected by cities and civilization. 1970 Gloss. Aeronaut. & Astronaut. Terms (B.S.I.) viii. 9 Side-by-side assembly, an assembly of connecting rods in which a number of similar plain connecting rods are arranged successively side-by-side with narrow big-ends usually carrying roller bearings. |
| Comb. 1865 J. Grote Explor. Philos. i. 166, I suppose co-existence in space means proximity, side-by-sideness—equally exclusive of occupation of the same space or of a remote one. |
(
b) Designating a double-barrelled shotgun with barrels set side by side (
cf. over-and-under a.). Also
absol. and
ellipt. as
n.| 1950 R. Shaughnessy Skeet & Trapshooting iii. 30 Double-barreled guns are manufactured in two styles, one known as the over-and-under, the other as the side-by-side. 1961 Webster, Side-by-side n. 1964 H. L. Peterson Encycl. Firearms 139/1 Henry Nock's patent breech of 1787... It was possible to shorten barrels..for a sporting gun... Shortening the barrels made the guns still lighter, and this in turn made the side-by-side double-barreled fowling piece practical. 1979 G. Hammond Dead Game ii. 32, I saw all the guns... Two..were over-and-unders, the rest side-by-sides. 1980 Outdoor Life (U.S.) (Northeast ed.) Oct. 53/1, I had this double-barreled side-by-side 20-gauge Savage-Fox, the ugliest thing ever made. |
3. One of the lateral halves of the body of an animal, or the part about the ribs, used for cooking. Now chiefly in
side of bacon.
In the first
quot. the reference is to a child.
| 13.. Cursor M. 8715 (Gött.), Wid suord it sal be delt in tua, And ether sal haue a side in hand. c 1430 Two Cookery-bks. 25 Loke þat þow haue fayre sydys of Pyggys, & fayre smal Chykenys wyl & clene skladdyd & drawe. c 1480 Henryson Fables, Fox, Wolf, & Cadger xxvi, It is ane syde of Salmond, as it wer. 1599 in Antiquary XXXII. 242 One side of baconn. 1665 Pepys Diary 4 April, A great dish of side of lamb. 1727 Gay Fables i. xxi, They undermined whole sides of bacon. 1766 Goldsm. Vic. W. v, The 'squire..sent us a side of venison. 1820 Scott Monast. xiii, The haggis and the side of mutton, with which her table was set forth. 1844 H. Stephens Bk. Farm II. 167 After the carcass has hung 24 hours, it should be cut down by the back-bone, or chine, into two sides. 1897 Daily News 28 Sept. 8/3 The small carcases from which come the Wiltshire sides most popular with the Canadian consumer. |
II. 4. a. One or other of the two longer (usually vertical) surfaces or aspects of an object, in contrast to the ends, or of the two receding surfaces or aspects, in contrast to the front and back.
The precise application depends to some extent on the form of the object and its position in relation to the observer.
| c 825 Vesp. Psalter cxxvii. 3 Swe swe wintreow ᵹenyht⁓sumiende in sidum huses ðines. c 897 K. ælfred Gregory's Past. C. xxii. 169 Tweᵹan stengas..sting ut ðurh ða hringas bi ðære earce sidan. c 1340 Nominale (Skeat) 878 A coustes, claies, et roulous, Be sydes, hirdeles, and cartesoulis. 1375 Barbour Bruce xv. 28 Cum we than on thame at a syde. 1382 Wyclif Exod. xxxvii. 5 The whiche he putte into the rynges that weren in the sides of the arke. 1542 Udall Erasm. Apoph. 132 b, When menne dooe mocke any bodye thei wagge their handes up & down by their eares at the sydes of their hedde. 1581 in Feuillerat Revels Q. Eliz. (1908) 345 Castell with y⊇ falling sydes. Tree with shyldes. 1628 P. Smart Vanitie Popish Cerem. 33, I trow there are but two sides of a long table, and two ends. 1654–66 Earl of Orrery Parthen. (1676) 520 The credulous Nymph..concealed a Lamp, by her Beds side. 1726 Leoni Alberti's Archit. I. 71/2 He..fastened these Beams..each with two braces..bound round and fastened of opposite sides. 1794 T. Davis Agric. Wilts. 69 They seldom use any overlays or outriggers, either at the ends or sides [of a waggon]. 1847 W. C. L. Martin The Ox 138/1 The sides of the tongue become gangrenous. 1857 T. Moore Handbk. Brit. Ferns (ed. 3) 18 A harder layer,..with thick dotted sides. 1886 Baring-Gould Court Royal I. iii. 37 My boots are scat at the sides. |
b. One or other of the bounding lines or surfaces of any right-lined figure or object.
| a 1400–50 Alexander 2215 All þe sidis of þe cite þat sechus had biggid. 1495 Trevisa's Barth. De P.R. (W. de W.) iii. xvii, A rounde shape hathe noo sydes w{supt} corners. 1551 Robinson tr. More's Utopia ii. (1895) 120 Neuer a one of them all hath of anye syde lesse then xx. myles of grounde, and of som syde also muche more. 1570 Billingsley Euclid i. prop. 21. 31 Not euery figure hauing three angles hath also onely three sides. 1628 P. Smart Vanitie Popish Cerem. 33 Make it [the table] square, and then it will haue foure sides, and no end, or foure ends and no side. 1715 tr. Gregory's Astron. (1726) I. 353 Again, in the Triangle M P N, the Sides P M, P N being given,..the base M N is found. 1774 M. Mackenzie Maritime Surv. 2 Having two Sides and an Angle opposite to one of them, to find another Angle. 1830 Herschel Study Nat. Phil. 254 A ray of light after its emergence from such a crystal acquires sides. 1848 Thackeray Van. Fair lxvi, A large window, with three sides of glass. 1863 E. V. Neale Anal. Th. & Nat. 135 The relations of the sides of each triangle to each other..are the effects of its triangular form. |
| fig. 1857 Geo. Eliot Ess. (1884) 69 On its theoretic and perceptive side, Morality touches Science; on its emotional side, poetic Art. |
c. In a rounded, cylindrical, or spherical object, a part of the surface having a particular aspect.
| c 1055 Byrhtferth's Handboc in Anglia VIII. 319 æfre byð on sumere sidan þære eorðan dæᵹ. 1602 Shakes. Ham. i. i. 85 Our Valiant Hamlet (For so this side of our knowne world esteem'd him). 1667 Milton P.L. iii. 722 Look downward on that Globe whose hither side With light from hence, though but reflected, shines. 1747 Gray Cat 1 'Twas on a lofty vase's side. 1788 Cowper Mischievous Bull 7 Wood-peckers explore the sides Of rugged oaks for worms. 1826 Art of Brewing (ed. 2) 141 [Apples] with a tinge of red streaks on the sunny side. 1868 Lockyer Elem. Astron. §214 Hence we only see one side of our satellite [the moon]. |
d. Math. (See
quots.)
| (a) 1660–1706 [see root n.1 14 a]. 1728 Chambers Cycl. s.v., Side of a Power, is what we otherwise call the Root, or Radix. 1841 Penny Cycl. XXI. 490/2 The same geometrical analogies by which a number multiplied by itself was called a square, procured for the number itself the name of side. |
| (b) 1728 Chambers Cycl., Side of a Polygonal Number, is the Number of the Terms of the Arithmetical Progression, that are summed up. 1795 Hutton Math. Dict. s.v. Polygonal Numbers, The Side of a Polygonal number is the number of points in each side of the Polygonal figure when the points in the number are ranged in that form. |
e. Mining. (See
quots.)
| 1839 Ure Dict. Arts 981 A compartment, or pannel, formed in working the coal, is called a side of work. 1867 W. W. Smyth Coal & Coal-mining 136 From this latter the main workings, called sides of work, are opened in the form of a square or parallelogram. |
5. That part of the framework of a ship or boat extending from stem to stern between the gunwale and the main-wale or the water-line.
| c 1000 ælfric Gen. vi. 16 Duru þu setst be þære sidan wið neoðan and þu macast þreo fleringa binnan þam arce. a 1300 Cursor M. 1670 Quen þi timber es festend wele Þou wind þe sides ilk dele. 1530 Palsgr. 270/1 Syde of a bote, bort. 1596 Shakes. Merch. V. i. i. 32 Dangerous rocks, Which touching but my gentle Vessels side Would scatter all her spices on the streame. c 1614 Sir W. Mure Dido & æneas i. 273 The tumbling billowes fast her syddes assaill. 1705 Lond. Gaz. No. 4093/1 A French Man of War..came within Musket-shot along her side. 1795 Nelson 7 Feb. in Nicolas Disp. (1845) II. 5 The Ships built at Toulon have their sides, beams, decks, and straight timbers from this Island. 1839 R. S. Robinson Naut. Steam Eng. 61 Great care is taken in fitting the pipes through the ship's sides. 1889 Welch Text Bk. Naval Archit. 104 On the stronger sides of recent first-class battle ships..the combined thickness of this plating is 21/4 inches. |
6. a. The slope of a hill or bank, especially one extending for a considerable distance. (
Cf. bank-, hill-, mountain-side.)
| c 1250 Gen. & Ex. 1295 Men seið ðat dune-is siðen on Was mad temple salamon. 1382 Wyclif 2 Sam. xiii. 34 Myche puple cam bi the out weye fro the side of the hil. c 1400 Destr. Troy 5863 Hym list for to rest, And bowet fro the batell to þe bonke side. 1553 T. Wilson Rhet. (1580) 176 The side of a bancke. 1634 Milton Comus 295 Under a green mantling vine That crawls along the side of yon small hill. 1667 ― P.L. i. 232 A Hill Torn from Pelorus, or the shatter'd side Of thundring ætna. 1757 Gray Bard 11 Down the steep of Snowdon's shaggy side. 1774 Goldsm. Nat. Hist. (1776) I. 150 It is still overlooked by tremendous mountains; their sides covered with snow. 1811 Pinkerton Mod. Geogr. (ed. 3) 303 The eruptions rarely attain the summit [of Etna], but more usually break out at the sides. |
b. The outskirts of a wood, town, etc. ?
Obs.| a 1300 Cursor M. 5734 Þe flok he fedd opon a tid, Bi a wildrin wod side. c 1386 Chaucer Wife's T. 133 In his way, it hapnyd him to ride..under a forest side. c 1430 Lydg. Min. Poems (Percy Soc.) 228 By a wylde wodes syde As I walked myself alone. a 1548 Hall Chron., Edw. IV, 12 Vnder a woddes side, thei couertly espied them passe forward. 1592 Shakes. Rom. & Jul. i. i. 129 Vnderneath the groue of Sycamour, That West-ward rooteth from this City side. 1640 Habington Edw. IV, 83 The Earle labouring to escape, at a Woods side where was no passage. 1706 Hearne Collect. (O.H.S.) I. 242 Next Bray-Wood side. 1750 Gray Elegy 101 Him have we seen the Greenwood side along. |
7. a. The bank or shore of a river or water; also, the land or district bordering on a river. (
Cf. burn-, river-, sea-,
water-side.)
| 1320–30 Horn Ch. 54 In clifland bi tese side. c 1400 Destr. Troy 5799 All backward [they] hom bere to þe buerne side, Þat fer from þe flode might no freke wyn. 1432–50 tr. Higden (Rolls) I. 65 There be monye deipe places of waters nye to the sydes of the sees. 1513 Douglas æneid ix. xiii. 28 Towartis the ryveris syde alaw. 1588 Parke tr. Mendoza's Hist. China 313 If they chance to finde a man in the waters side he wil eate him all. 1697 Dryden Virg. Georg. iii. 230 Let 'em..Range the Forrest, by the Silver side Of some cool Stream. 1774 Goldsm. Nat. Hist. (1776) IV. 160 The place of meeting..is always by the side of some lake or river. 1810 Scott Lady of L. i. xxiii, As her light skiff approach'd the side. 1836 Penny Cycl. VI. 317/1 Carrickfergus..situated on the W. shore or Antrim side of Belfast Loch. |
b. A surface serving to enclose or bound a space or hollow.
| 1474 Coventry Leet Bk. 389 Þat the dryver of the Bochours Carre..throwe his intrelles and oþer stuffe..in myddes of þe pitte & not be þe sides. 1577 B. Googe Heresbach's Husb. iv. (1586) 173 In the bankes and sides of these Ponds, you must have Bushes and Creeke holes. 1611 Bible 1 Sam. xxiv. 3 Dauid and his men remained in the sides of the caue. 1702 Milit. & Sea Dict. s.v., Sides of Horn-works..and such-like Out-works..are the Ramparts and Parapets that enclose them on the Right and Left from the Gorge to the Head. 1797 Mrs. Radcliffe Italian vi, Three sides of this were enclosed by lofty buildings lined with ranges of cloisters. 1857 Miller Elem. Chem., Org. vi. §2 (1862) 475 A mirror-like coating of reduced silver is formed on the sides of the vessel. 1868 Tennyson Lucretius 253 The very sides of the grave itself shall pass. 1878 T. Hardy Ret. Native v. ix, The sides of the pool were of masonry, to prevent the water from washing away the bank. |
8. a. One or other of the two surfaces of a thing having little or no appreciable thickness; also, the outer or inner surface or aspect of a thing.
See also
right and
wrong side under these
adjs., and
cf. the combs.
inside,
outside.
| 1382 Wyclif Exod. xxxii. 15 Berynge in hoond two tablis of testymonye wrytun on eithir side. 1562 J. Heywood Prov. & Epigr. (1867) 71, I know on which syde my bread is buttred. 1588 Shakes. L.L.L. v. ii. 8 A sheet of paper Writ on both sides the leafe. 1604 ― Oth. iv. ii. 146 Some such Squire he was That turn'd your wit, the seamy-side without. 1711 Swift Jrnl. to Stella 22 Nov., I'll say no more on this side the paper. 1826 Kirby & Spence Entom. III. 529 note, They are gratified to see that M. Latreille has adopted this term in the work quoted on the other side. 1895 Bookman Oct. 12/1 A small volume of some forty-seven pages, printed on one side only. 1899 Raymond No Soul above Money iii, He knew both sides of a penny, for all he looked so daft. |
b. spec. (See
quot.)
| 1875 Knight Dict. Mech. 2172/1 Side,..the surface on the right or dressed side of cloth. |
c. In
prov. phr. the other side of the coin (penny, etc.) = the reverse of the medal s.v. medal n. 3 b;
the other side of the shield: see
shield n. 1 d.
| 1904 Yeats Let. ? 20 Jan. (1954) iii. 425 The Shadowy Waters..is more of a ritual than a human story... Cuchullain or The King's Threshold are the other side of the halfpenny. Ibid. Apr. 433, I am reckless in mere speech that is not written. You are the other side of the penny, for you are admirably careful in speech. 1966 Listener 19 May 713/1 The social and psychological pressures are not different things but often just different sides of the same penny. 1975 M. Russell Murder by Mile ix. 92 Angus Hamilton's..to address members and answer questions. He thought it might present an opportunity to put across the other side of the coin. |
d. Each of the two grooved faces of a gramophone record. Also
slang, a recording made on this; a record. In extended use, of tape recording.
Cf. flip side s.v. flip n.2 7.
| 1936 Rhythm Apr. 28/1 American Brunswick, Columbia and Vocalion have a blanket contract with Irving Mills for so many sides a year. 1948 N.Y. Age 18 Dec. 2/6 We expect ‘Skiffle Blues’ to be one of our big sides in the coming weeks. 1950 Down Beat 14 July 11 (heading) Will the Louis sides on cylinder ever turn up? 1960 J. Baldwin Another Country (1962) ii. iii. 310 ‘How about some sides?’.. Lorenzo put on something..by the Modern Jazz Quartet. 1971 D. E. Westlake I gave at Office 133 There was some tape left. Tape three, side two, the one just before this. 1979 Guardian 9 June 12/7, I had to wait until side two for any bloom of Schubertian joy. |
9. a. A page of a book or writing.
Obs. or
arch.| 1530 Palsgr. 270/1 Syde of a boke that is written, pagee. 1579 W. Fulke Heskins's Parl. 241 He rehearseth halfe a side of M. Iewels wordes. 1634 Sir T. Herbert Trav. 141, I will adde one side concerning Paradice, and then will goe on without digression. 1676 Marvell Mr. Smirke 14 One of his sides in Quarto, for Falshood, Insolence, and Absurdity contains a Book in Folio. 1742 Richardson Pamela III. 104 We thought you should have written a side upon that Subject at least. 1826 Lamb Pop. Fallacies ix, A man might blur ten sides of paper in attempting a defence of it. |
b. Tanning. (See
quot. 1885.)
| 1763 Ann. Reg. 92 Georgia..exports: 1602 sides of tanned leather. 1852 C. Morfit Tanning & Currying (1853) 23 The number of sides of sole leather inspected during the last five years. 1885 Harper's Mag. Jan. 274/2 After soaking, the hides are..cut through the middle of the back to separate them into ‘sides’. |
c. Theatr. A page of typescript containing an actor's part and cue words (
usu. pl.).
| 1933 P. Godfrey Back-Stage iii. 37 An experienced actor, being offered a part, is unimpressed by the number of ‘sides’ it contains, a ‘side’ being a half-quarto sheet of typescript. 1963 ‘E. McBain’ Ten plus One (1964) vii. 73 ‘She had memorized all of her sides—’ Richardson paused here to see whether or not anyone had caught his use of the professional term ‘sides’..—‘in the first two nights of rehearsal.’ 1976 R. James House is Dark xiii. 135 ‘Don't see why actors ever gave up sides... They're so much easier.’.. ‘Haidee, it wasn't for the sake of the actors that they used sides. It was supposed to prevent actors from duplicating a hit script and going off with it on their own.’ |
10. An aspect or view of something immaterial.
to look on (or to) the bright (or worst, etc.) side: see
look v. 18 d.
| c 1449 Pecock Repr. v. vi. 514 If thilk gouernaunce be..profitable to him in othere goostli sidis. 1657 Owen Saints' Persev. xv. Wks. 1851 XI. 539 It being the will of God to give us, as to his [David's] fall, his dark side and his sin to the full. 1840 Thirlwall Greece lvii. VII. 263 The future was not without its bright side. 1858 Carlyle Fredk. Gt. viii. v. (1872) III. 44 His first aim is to find-out the ridiculous side of everyone. 1891 E. Peacock N. Brendon I. 139 The better side of his vulgar nature came out. |
III. 11. a. Place or direction with reference to some central point; a point of the compass. (
Cf. north-,
south-side.) Also
fig. (
quot. 1838).
| c 825 Vesp. Psalter xlvii. 3 On sidan norðdaeles [is] cestre cyninges ðes miclan. c 1205 Lay. 21774 Þer walleð of þan mæren a moniare siden..sixti wateres. c 1290 S. Eng. Leg. I. 124 So þat respit was þar-of I-nome, and ech wende in his side. a 1400–50 Alexander 5021 Bot þi sire soile in na side see sall þou neuire. c 1420 Sir Amadace (Camden) xxxix, On summe side wille hit falle. Sum curtas mon ȝette may he fynde. 1648 Milton Ps. lxxx. 45 Her branches on the western side Down to the Sea she sent. 1697 W. Dampier Voy. 467 A Fire, with a few Boughs before it, set up on that side the wind was of. 1777 Watson Philip II (1839) 497 He found it necessary to approach the town on that side, on which there lay a wood or forest. 1784 Cowper Task v. 150 Lamps gracefully dispos'd, and of all hues, Illumin'd ev'ry side. 1838 Macaulay in Trevelyan (1876) II. vii. 9 On that side he multiplied his precautions, and set double watch. |
b. In phrases
on († of) each or every side,
on all sides.
| c 1205 Lay. 621 His ferde he sette on ælchere siden. 1382 Wyclif Luke xix. 43 Thei schulen make thee streyt on alle sydis. 1390 Gower Conf. I. 16 Tobroke is Cristes folde, Wherof the flock..Devoured is on every side. 1440 Promp. Parv. 365/1 On evyrysyde, undique, circumquaque. 1513 Bradshaw St. Werburge ii. 1060 Counnyng surgeans were sought vpon euery syde. 1582 Stanyhurst æneis ii. (Arb.) 53 Troytowne is fired of al sydes. 1617 Moryson Itin. i. 178 A most pleasant valley, compassed on all sides with mountaines. 1681 Dryden Abs. & Achit. 689 On each side bowing popularly low. 1686 tr. Chardin's Coronat. Solyman 38 Thus the Apartment is open of all sides. 1711 Addison Spect. No. 110 ¶2 The Ruins of the Abby are scattered up and down on every Side. 1831 Scott Ct. Rob. viii, Thanks to Heaven were returned on all sides. |
12. a. One or other direction to either hand of an object, space, or imaginary line; the position, space, or area implied in this.
† of a side, on each side.
the other side: see
other a. 2 d (
a).
| c 1000 ælfric Hom. I. 454 Ðeos ðridde India hæfð on anre sidan þeostru, and on oðere ðone grimlican garsecᵹ. a 1340– [see right a. 20]. 1382 Wyclif Ezek. xli. 19 A face of man..of this syde, and a face of lyoun..on the tother syde. c 1450 Contin. Brut ii. 571 They stode on þe lifte syde; and al þat abode within the toun stode on þe right syde. 1500–20 Dunbar Poems xlvi. 12 Vndir this brench ran doun a revir bricht..Quhair did, vpone the tothair syd, persew A nychtingall. 1613 Purchas Pilgrimage (1614) 51 Taurus divideth it in the middest: On the North side is that which is called Asia interior. 1644 Digby Nat. Bodies xxxi. §1, The strength..of the two lights..on this side, and on that side the point of concurse. 1678 Bunyan Pilgr. i. (1900) 144 Upon the bank of the River, on the other Side, they saw the two shining men again. 1701 Farquhar Sir H. Wildair i. i, The pinners are double ruffled with twelve plaits of a side. 1746 Francis tr. Horace, Epist. i. xvii. 73 He, who hears him, chaunts on t'other Side, With me your Bounty, ah! with me divide. 1781 Cowper Hope 374 Suppose the beam should dip on the wrong side. 1875 Knight Dict. Mech. 458/1 The American car has a gangway lengthwise of the car, the seats on each side reversible. |
| fig. 1641 in Buccleuch MSS. (Hist. MSS. Comm.) I. 288, I know he is fast riveted on that side, if the Commons give him not a jostle. 1722 De Foe Plague (1754) 16 But I had a farther Obligation laid on me on the same Side. 1819 Shelley Peter Bell 3rd Prol. 25 He who has O'er the grave been forced to pass To the other side. |
b. In phrases
on († of) either or each side,
on both sides.
| c 1205 Lay. 27242 Þa sænde heo a ba siden al þa men auoten. a 1300 Cursor M. 6263 Þe see on aiþer side þam stod Als walles tua, quils þai for yod. a 1400–50 Alexander 1520 He..sammes þaim on aithire side with silken rapis. c 1480 Little Child. Bk. 66 in Babees Bk. 20 Whan þou etyst, gape not to wyde That þi mouth be sene on yche a syde. 1633 P. Fletcher Purple Isl. ii. xxx, At that cave's mouth, twice sixteen porters stand,..Of each side foure [etc.]. 1667 Milton P.L. ii. 649 Before the Gates there sat On either side a formidable shape. 1823 Southey Penins. War I. 415 The altars on either side had their respective relics. 1867 W. L. Newman in Quest. Reformed Parl. 79 The mountain backbone,..from which the streams flow down on either side. |
c. fig. on the (adjective) side, tending towards the condition or aspect described.
Cf. on the safe side s.v. safe a. 9 c.
| 1713 [see right a. 10 c]. c 1805 G. Colman in M. R. Booth Eng. Plays of 19th Cent. (1973) III. 69 It's prophesying on the sure side, to foretell a thing when it has happened. 1864 Trollope Can You forgive Her? I. xi. 90 He is just a shade too good... But it's a fault on the right side. 1923 A. J. Anderson Soul Sifters xxiv. 252 ‘Michelmore was always on the rough side!’ he remarked aloud. 1952 A. J. Cronin Adventures in Two Worlds xii. 97 She was on the thin side..and her liquid, brownish eyes were too large. 1974 A. Morice Killing with Kindness ii. 14 He was a bit on the tired side, but..he's accustomed to long hours. |
d. on this (or the other) side: with reference to the Atlantic Ocean.
Cf. this (etc.)
side of the puddle s.v. puddle n. 1 c.
colloq. (chiefly
U.S.).
| 1884 Naturalist's World Sept. 155/2 Canadian Postal Science College..is a society which has grown up very rapidly ‘on the other side’. 1928 Wodehouse Money for Nothing vii. 129 There's dozens of people on the other side who'll buy it. |
13. a. The space lying to either hand
of, or in any direction from, a specified place, point, etc.
For
fig. uses see also
right a. 10 d and
wrong a.
| 1382 Wyclif Rev. xxii. 2 In the mydle of the street of it, and on ech sijde of the flood [was] the tree of lijf. c 1400 Mandeville (1839) xxii. 234 And at o syde of the Emperours Table, sitten many Philosofres. 1462 Cal. Anc. Rec. Dublin (1889) 314 The gardeyn that ys on the north syd of the yat. a 1548 Hall Chron., Hen. VIII, 73 On the other hand or syde of the gate was set a pyller. 1593 Shakes. 2 Hen. VI, ii. i. 43 On the East side of the Groue. 1606 ― Ant. & Cl. iii. ix. 1 Set we our Squadrons on yond side o' th' Hill. 1671 Milton P.R. iv. 33 A river, of whose banks On each side an Imperial City stood. 1782 Cowper Gilpin 138 And there he threw the wash about On both sides of the way. 1857 Miller Elem. Chem., Org. i. §3 (1862) 59 Oxidizing actions are in constant operation unperceived on every side of us. 1871 Freeman Norm. Conq. (1876) IV. 74 Of him we have heard in two widely different characters on different sides of the sea. |
| fig. 1599 Shakes. Much Ado ii. i. 327 [My heart] keepes on the windy side of Care. 1818 Scott Hrt. Midl. ix, She's not to be forgotten on this side of time. 1891 E. Peacock N. Brendon I. 8 She was on the less enviable side of fifty. |
b. Const. without
of, in such phrases as
on this, that, the other, side (a place).
| 1340 Hampole Pr. Consc. 5415 Þe devels on ilk syde þam sal stande. a 1400–50 Alexander 1200 All þe bestaill..Þat he miȝt se on any syde þe cite of Gadirs. 1432 Rolls of Parlt. IV. 410 No place elles where on þat syde þe See. 1523 Ld. Berners Froiss. I. lxxxvi. 110 Than sir Aymery drewe his people alonge on the dykes within the barryers, and the archers redy on bothe sydes the way. 1560 J. Daus tr. Sleidane's Comm. 188 b, Thre dayes Jorney on this syde Venise. 1651 R. Child in Hartlib's Legacy (1655) 23 Vines grow threescore miles on this side Paris. 1673 Essex Papers (Camden) I. 53 Since you are on that side y⊇ water. 1749 Fielding Tom Jones viii. xiii, On the other side the willows. 1771 Goldsm. Hist. Eng. I. 339 The provinces were laid waste on each side his passage. 1827 Southey in Corr. w. C. Bowles (1881) 117 Had you been as much on this side London as you are beyond it, you might easily have met us there! 1887 Lowell Democracy 46 This outburst of feeling on both sides the sea. |
| fig. 1676 Walton Angler (ed. 5) xxi, There be as many miseries beyond riches, as on this side them. 1710 R. Ward Life H. More 234 There is nothing absolutely or completely Perfect on this Side Heaven. 1711 Addison Spect. No. 40 ¶1 Good and Evil happen alike to all Men on this side the Grave. 1868 Browning Ring & Bk. vi. 143 That's all we may expect of man, this side The grave. |
c. on this side (of), before (a specified date).
| 1436 Hen. VI in Hist. MSS. Comm., Var. Coll. IV. 198 He that calleth hym Duc of Burgeyne disposyth hym..on this side Estre nyxt to lay assege to oure toun of Caleys. 1472–3 Rolls of Parlt. VI. 4/2 The seid x{supt}{suph} part to be assessed..a this syde the morn of the fest of the Purification. 1530–1 Act 22 Hen. VIII, c. 12 The seales aboue rehersed, shall bee made..on this syde the feast of the Natiuitie of sayncte John Baptist nexte commynge. 1771 T. Hull Sir W. Harrington (1797) IV. 235 But all, I fear, wont be completed on this side Christmas. 1874 T. Hardy Far from Madding Crowd lvii, He's not at hand, and won't be this side of eleven o'clock. |
d. on this side (of), short of.
| c 1449 Pecock Repr. i. xiv. 78 The other is openest in suerte of likelihode or of probabilite a this side suerte. 1647 H. More Poems Pref., [He] hath attempted bravely, but yet methinks on this side of Mathematicall evidence. 1667 Milton P.L. ii. 101 We are at worst On this side nothing. |
e. In
fig. phr. the other side of the hill, those aspects of a situation which are unknown at present. Also
transf., the latter part of life, and in
Mil. contexts, the enemy position or activities.
| 1852 Duke of Wellington in Croker Papers (1884) III. xxviii. 275 We amused ourselves by guessing what sort of a country we should find at the other side of the hills we drove up... When I expressed surprise at some extraordinary good guesses he [sc. Croker] had made, he said, ‘Why, I have spent all my life in trying to guess what was at the other side of the hill.’ 1926 C. B. Waterlow in H. Golding Wonder Bk. of Motors 12 It is not only what is on the other side of the hill that matters, but everything along the road. 1948 B. H. L. Hart (title) The other side of the hill. 1957 C. Smith Case of Torches i. 5, I had to go through a lot of badinage..about..how old I was getting and what it was like on the other side of the hill. 1960 G. Martelli Agent Extraordinary 15, I..wish..to express my gratitude..to [the]..technical director of the flying bomb sites..for allowing me a glimpse of the ‘other side of the hill’. 1978 Times 30 Jan. 13/2 Mr Peyton..began to argue for a revalued green pound... He..correctly read what was on the other side of the hill (that is, the Government itself would soon have to revalue). |
14. † a. on side, to one side, aside.
Obs.| 1375 Barbour Bruce xi. 344 On athir hand The tothir battalis suld be gangand Behynd, on syde a litell space. 1377 Langl. P. Pl. B. xvii. 57 Feith had first siȝte of hym, ac he flegh on syde. c 1400 Laud Troy Bk. 5848 Ector wiste him hurt he feled, He rod on-syde and him keled. c 1475 Henryson Abbay Walk 5 On caiss I kest on syd myne e, and saw þis writtin vpoun a wall. a 1548 Hall Chron., Hen. VI, 101 This battayl was sore foughten, for hope of life was set on side on euery parte. 1579 Tomson Calvin's Serm. Tim. 350/2 What shall it auaile vs to start on side from the rule which hee hath giuen vs? |
b. In various phrases denoting position, movement, or inclination away from a central line or point. Also
fig.| 1586 A. Day Eng. Secretary i. (1625) 23 Stately trees (some tops whereof the wind seemeth to wreath and turne at one side). 1588 Marprel. Epist. (Arb.) 43 Put your corner cap a litle nere a toe side. 1611 Shakes. Wint. T. iii. iii. 20 To me comes a creature, Sometimes her head on one side, some another. a 1688 Bunyan Israel's Hope Encouraged Wks. 1855 I. 600 It would be too great a step to a side to treat of all those mercies. 1712 J. James tr. Le Blond's Gardening 169 The middle Shoot..is found..to lean of one Side a little. 1782 A. Monro's Compar. Anat. (ed. 3) 126 From each side..a bony bridge is produced backwards, and to a side. 1820 Shelley Œd. Tyr. ii. ii. 76 Your Majesty In such a filthy business had better Stand on one side. 1827 Carlyle Germ. Rom. II. 162 Happening sometime after to be standing with him by a side at the window. 1887 Contemp. Rev. Jan. 64 It must..be understood that I place his private character entirely to one side. |
c. ellipt. A side-dish, entrée.
| 1848 Thackeray Van. Fair xlii, If those sides, or ontrys, as she calls 'em, were'nt served yesterday, I'm d—d. |
d. Billiards. Direction given to a ball by striking it at a point not directly in the middle.
| 1873 Bennett & Cavendish Billiards 125 In putting on side, all that has to be done is to strike the ball on the side instead of in the middle. 1901 Q. Rev. Apr. 483 The mysteries of ‘side’ began to perplex players. |
e. on the side (
orig. U.S.). (
a) Served separately from the main dish.
| 1884 Bad Lands Cow Boy (Little Missouri, Dakota Terr.) 7 Feb. 1/5 ‘Gimme that snake rare—milk gravy on the side,’ was hallooed to the cook. 1916 Literary Digest 18 Mar. 766/3 ‘Beef stew and a cup of tea for me,’ the new arrival said. ‘Bossy in a bowl—boiled leaves on the side,’ sang the waiter. 1975 D. Lodge Changing Places ii. 95 A club sandwich with french fries on the side. |
(
b) In addition; surreptitiously, without acknowledgement. (Freq. with connotation of dishonesty: illicitly; outside wedlock.)
| 1893 Congress. Rec. 18 Dec. 360/1 He will have no pension attorney, for a silent partner, no relative doing business ‘on the side’ with that bureau. 1904 N.Y. Times 22 June 3 To attend the big fair and receive the entertainment of St. Louis on the side. 1927 Daily News 11 Mar. 2/2 Y' see, Bill's in the rag-and-bone trade and he does a bit [of receiving] on the side. Just anythink he can pick up. 1937 D. L. Sayers Zeal of thy House ii. 44 Pocketing commissions and that sort of thing? Doing little deals on the side? 1953 R. Lehmann Echoing Grove iv. 226 An independent career-woman with a successful love life on the side. 1968 R. L. Hudson Grace is not Blue-eyed Blond xi. 145 What would some of you say if I told you that I, as a married man, have had three women on the side? 1977 Gay News 24 Mar. 14/4 They may..gear their expectations to include sexual contacts on the side. |
(
c)
spec. in addition to one's regular or ordinary occupation; as a subsidiary source of income (also with
occas. implication of irregularity).
| 1898 N.Y. Jrnl. 26 Aug. 9/3 Samuel..started an ice cream parlor, with cigars, tobacco and delicatessen on the side. 1915 Wodehouse Something Fresh iv. 107 ‘I'm not asking you to be a valet and nothing else.’ ‘You would want me to do some cooking and plain sewing on the side, perhaps?’ 1928 S. Lewis Man who knew Coolidge i. 13 I'd never made a peep about how maybe it'd be a good stunt for him to go out and maybe earn a little money on the side. 1945 Reader's Digest July 22/1 There is a good job teaching music theory..lined up for him. And he is composing on the side. 1960 N. Marsh False Scent i. 29 I'm trying, on the side, to break out in a rash of serious writing. 1977 Navy News Dec. 1/3 We do not have information about how many people do jobs on the side, but I suspect that that practice is not confined to the Armed Forces. |
15. a. A part
of a place or thing lying in one or other direction from a centre or median line. Also without
of.
| 1428 E. E. Wills 81 To the wherk of the Ill of the toon side of the Cloistere in the Chirchehawe. c 1450 St. Cuthbert (Surtees) 883 To þe este syde in england, Of þis prouynce þou ert ordaynd. 1537 Layton in Lett. Suppress. Monasteries (Camden) 156 To ryde downe one syde [of the country] and to cum up the other. 1607 Shakes. Cor. i. i. 48 The other side a'th City is risen: why stay we prating heere? 1686 Burnet Trav. iii. (1750) 160 There are whole Sides of Streets without Inhabitants. 1706 E. Ward Wooden World Diss. (1708) 43 To keep his Grinders from mouldering..he supplies both Sides with Grists at once. 1707 Chamberlayne Pres. St. Gt. Brit. iii. xi. 386 One Side of it [a school] stands upon great Stone Pillars, in a large Court. 1834 K. H. Digby Mores Cath. v. v. 134 It was the custom..for the men to be placed on one side of the church and the women on the other. 1886 Pascoe Lond. of To-day xl. (ed. 3) 342 This side, on an afternoon in the season, is a place where fashionable ladies meet half their fashionable acquaintance. |
| fig. 1562 J. Heywood Prov. & Epigr. (1867) 74 Than were ye deafe, ye could not here on that syde. 1780 Cowper Progr. Err. 549 He has no hearing on the prudent side. |
b. A region, district, or the inhabitants of this.
Cf. country-side. Also succeeding or suffixed to the names of places or regions to form
adj. or
advb. phrases in the sense ‘in (or on, towards) the area specified’,
esp. as stateside a.
and adv.| a 1400–50 Alexander 2115 All þe citis of þa sidis he sesis þam clene. Ibid. 3867. c 1410 Sir Cleges 87 He dwellyd be Kardyfe syde. a 1548 Hall Chron., Hen. VIII, 35 The next daye..the forward passed a bridge..into Flaunders syde & there lay. a 1623 Buck Rich. III, i. (1646) 8 In Cumberland.., where he much resided,..all that Northerne side generally honouring..his Deportment. 1664 in Dircks Life Marq. Worc. (1865) xviii. 329 Not only at Gloucester Side, but all the way to the west. 1726 [see south-side b]. 1743 W. Stukeley Palæogr. Sacra 8 Rejoicing especially was the practice..at public sacrifice, which they call Panegyres; a meeting of a side of a county, a province. 1810 Scott Lady of L. ii. xxviii, The King's vindictive pride Boasts to have tamed the Border-side. 1898 N. Munro J. Splendid xxxii, He had been set on the slip by a wherry that had approached from Cowal side. 1924 E. M. Forster Passage to India xxxvii. 323 Jolly good poems, I'm getting published Bombay side. 1966 K. Giles Provenance of Death ii. 58 An Italian industrialist who does a lot of business Moscow-side. |
c. A portion of a building set apart for particular persons or purposes. Also
fig.| 1340 Ayenb. 151 Þes yerþe is priour ine þe cloystre of þe zaule... Verst ine þe herte þet heþ tuo zides. 1482 in Eng. Hist. Rev. XXV. 121 The Chaunters of the Queres of the Bretherne and Systerne Sydes of Syone aforeseid. c 1529 in Archaeol. (1884) XLVII. 52 All the sayd ladyes bothe off the abbesse side and of the misericorde. 1904 Griffiths 50 Yrs. Public Service xiv. 205 The female ‘side’ of a prison gives more trouble to the authorities than the male. |
d. side of bone: (see
quots.).
| 1820 Scoresby Acc. Arctic Regions I. 456 Each series, or ‘side of bone’, as the whalefishers term it, consists of upwards of 300 laminæ. 1836 Uncle Philip's Convers. Whale Fish. 23 There are in the mouth two ‘sides of bone’, as the whale fishers call them. |
e. side-of-the-mouth adj. phr., spoken aside or (as) from the side of the mouth; delivered in a rough drawling manner; pungently demotic. Also, of the style of such utterances.
| 1958 Listener 7 Aug. 203/1 Hoarse, side-of-the-mouth cracks of quite shattering pessimism. 1960 G. Coulter in M. T. Williams Art of Jazz 170 A racy, side-of-the-mouth idiom. 1974 Publishers Weekly 25 Mar. 52/3 Describes in blunt, side-of-the-mouth prose how he was given the ‘contract’ [to kill someone]. |
f. Also
to laugh on the other, wrong side (of one's face, mouth): see
laugh v. 1 b.
16. a. The line or limit, on either side, up to which something extends.
| 1340 Hampole Pr. Consc. 4280 His lawes sal pas and his powere Fra þe est syde til þe west, thurgh þe world here. a 1548 Hall Chron., Edw. IV, 233 b, The grate, which extended from the one syde of the bridge, even directly to the other. c 1655 Milton Sonn. xxii. 12 My noble task, Of which all Europe talks from side to side. 1833 Tennyson Lady of Shalott iii. 43 The mirror crack'd from side to side. 1860 Tyndall Glac. i. vii. 54, I followed the veins several times from side to side. |
b. side-to-side adj. phr., characterized by movement from one side to the other.
| 1934 in Webster. 1950 J. Dempsey Championship Fighting xxii. 157 Motions that made my head an elusive side-to-side target. 1955 W. W. Denlinger Compl. Boston i. 132 This formation [sc. bandy legs] results in a side-to-side gait. 1962 ‘K. Orvis’ Damned & Destroyed ix. 59 Her head began a loose, disjointed, side-to-side swaying. |
IV. 17. a. Used to denote the action, attitude, etc., of one person, or a set of persons, in relation to another or others.
| c 1250 Owl & Night. 429 Euerich blisse him is vnwille..Al so þu dost on þire syde. 1297 R. Glouc. (Rolls) 3167 Þe king ek in is syde is herte up on him caste. c 1350 Will. Palerne 1463 Sad seurte was sikered on boþe sides þanne, Þat menskful mariage to make. 1362 Langl. P. Pl. A. ii. 36 Alle þis Riche Retenaunce..Weoren bede to þe Bruytale on Bo two þe sydes. 1423 in Hist. MSS. Comm., Var. Coll. IV. 83 This endenture y made..be thyxte the Dene & the Chapetre of Exter yn the on syde & the Mayer & the Comynce of Exeter..yn the other syde. 1590 Plain Perc. 23, I am sure I shall not be pinchd on the parsons side. 1605 Shakes. Lear v. i. 61 Hardly shall I carry out my side, Her husband being aliue. 1768 Sterne Sent. Journ., The Riddle, I was sorry on my side for the occasion I had given him. 1822 Scott Nigel xiv, In declaring your trust in me, you have done what is honourable to yourself,..and in no way undeserved on my side. 1848 Thackeray Van. Fair lxvi, He was, on his side too, very anxious to see Mrs. Osborne. 1876 J. Parker Paracl. i. x. 154 From the divine side there can be nothing sudden. |
b. In phrases denoting a contrast between different views, considerations, facts, etc. (
Cf. hand n. 32 i.)
| c 1250 Owl & Night. 299 Alured seyde an oþer syde A word þat is isprunge wide. a 1300 Cursor M. 13038 On oþer side was hir ful wa, If sco suld part king herod fra. 1390 Gower Conf. I. 122, I..preie yow That ye wole axe on other side If [etc.]. 1538 Starkey England i. iii. 70 We may..a the one syde to stretly juge..the hole mater,..or els, of the other syde [etc.]. 1581 G. Pettie Guazzo's Civ. Conv. ii. (1586) 61 But on the other side, he must not use superfluous words. 1626 Bacon Sylva §902 Men are to be Admonished, on the other side, that [etc.]. 1725 tr. Dupin's Eccl. Hist. 17th C. II. 67 As on the one side, Reason discovers it to be fit, that Man should be Immortal; so on the other side [etc.]. 1732 Berkeley Alciphr. iii. §1 After a nice inquiry, and balancing on both sides. |
† c. in other sides, in other respects.
upon the side of, with regard to.
Obs.| c 1340 Hampole Prose Tr. 41 Or ells we er noghte disposede by clennes of lyffynge in oþer sydis for to ressayue his grace. 1390 Gower Conf. I. 330 Mi fader, upon loves side Mi conscience I woll noght hyde. |
d. One of the two alternative views which may be taken of a question, problem, argument, etc. Also
transf. in collective sense (
quot. 1812).
| 1597 Shakes. Lover's Compl. 113 But quickly on this side the verdict went. 1711 Shaftesbury Charac. ii. iv. (1714) II. 305 One of those timorous Arguers..so intent in upholding their own side of the Argument. 1782 Priestley Corrupt. Chr. I. iii. 305 Much was written on both sides of the question. 1812 L. Hunt in Examiner 31 Aug. 547/2 Public dinners given by any side of a question. 1884 Times (weekly ed.) 19 Sept. 7/3, I am sure that there are two sides to the question. |
e. A division of a school devoted to a particular class of studies. (
Cf. modern a. 2 e.)
| 1884 Jrnl. Educ. 1 Sept. 348/2 Modern sides have grown and flourished. Ibid., Latin and Greek on the Classical side. 1890 Spectator 13 Dec. 860/2 Efforts to expand the ‘modern side’, as they call it in English public schools. |
18. a. The position or interests of one person, party, etc., in contrast to that of an opposing one. Chiefly in
phr. on (one's) side.
Prov. phr. on the side of the angels: in favour of a spiritual interpretation (of human nature); more loosely, on the side of right despite the risk of unpopularity.
| a 1300 Cursor M. 7547 Godd es euer on rightwis side, Werraiand again wrangwis pride. c 1380 Wyclif Sel. Wks. I. 124 He þat is on Goddis syde, he heeriþ Goddis wordis. 1445 in Anglia XXVIII. 256 The parlement pierys..Seyen the duke of yorke hath god vpon his side. c 1500 Melusine 29 Your enemys ben not here, and knowe you, fayre sire, that I am of your party or syde? 1560 J. Daus tr. Sleidane's Comm. 442 b, Therefore thought they now, or els never, y{supt} God was on theyr side. 1617 Moryson Itin. ii. 141 To the end that the Spaniards might see the meere Irish served on our side. 1668 Lady Chaworth in 12th Rep. Hist. MSS. Comm. App. V. 10 Mr. Ho..deserves a better fate than to be ever of the loosing side. 1714 R. Fiddes Pract. Disc. ii. 194 The multitude..will always declare on the side of fortune. 1778 F. Burney Evelina xxxii, He's the most impertinentest person in the world, and isn't never of my side. 1849 Macaulay Hist. Eng. vi. II. 51 All the influence of Barillon was employed on the other side. 1864 Disraeli Church Policy 26 Is man an ape or an angel?.. I am on the side of the angels. 1894 H. Drummond Ascent Man 434 All Nature is on the side of the man who tries to rise. 1926 Punch 22 Dec. 700/1 Miss Marguerite Williams..is so firmly posted on the side of the angels that I can forgive her if she occasionally seems rather to force the note. 1941 A. L. Rowse Tudor Cornwall ii. 52 Mr. Tawney tells us..that ‘their silence was the taciturnity of men, not the speechlessness of dumb beasts’. Though that may a little be questioned, no doubt he is on the side of the angels. 1956 G. H. Vallins Pattern of Eng. vii. 171 ‘Different from’ reminds the reader that whatever other men have done.., Fowler himself is on the side of the angels. 1979 ‘C. Aird’ Some die Eloquent vii. 99 He had always in any case been on the side of the angels anyway. Apes were less appealing. |
b. In
phr. to take a (or one's) side,
take sides. Also
† to hold side (with one).
| c 1489 Caxton Sonnes of Aymon ix. 238 Nevertheles he came, and helde syde wyth his broder. 1700 Dryden Pal. & Arc. iii. 570 The nicest eye could no distinction make, Where lay the advantage, or what side to take. 1719 De Foe Crusoe i. (Globe) 249 He would take my Side to the last drop of his Blood. 1823 Keble Serm. ii. (1848) 38 Careful always to take the safe side in practice. 1877 Spurgeon Serm. XXIII. 398 Weak-minded people who cannot take sides with a persecuted truth. 1888 Burgon Lives 12 Gd. Men II. xi. 317 Every resident of mark found himself in a measure compelled to take a side. |
19. Kinship or descent through father or mother.
| c 1400 Mandeville (Roxb.) xxv. 120 Half sisters of þer fader syde wedd þai, bot noȝt of þer moder syde. 1442 Rolls of Parlt. V. 45/1 Englissh of his Moder side,..and aparte Englissh on his Fader side. a 1547 Surrey æneid iv. 331 From his graundfather by the mothers side Cillenes child so came. 1653 H. Cogan tr. Pinto's Trav. xxix. 113 Peradventure a kinswoman to one of you, by his side that begot me in this miserable exile. 1710 Steele Tatler No. 132 ¶8 He traced up his Descent on both Sides for several Generations. 1837 Lockhart Scott I. ii. 61 As far as they could be followed, either on the paternal or maternal side. 1847 C. Brontë J. Eyre xi, To be sure I am distantly related to the Rochesters by the mother's side. |
20. a. One of the parties in a transaction, battle, or debate; a political party; a faction.
In phrases with
on (as
on either side) the sense may approach that of 12 b and 17.
| 1375 Barbour Bruce ii. 346 On athir syd thus war thai yhar, And till assemble all redy war. c 1400 Destr. Troy 9680 Aither syde, after sun, soght to þere holde. 1473 Rental Bk. Cupar-Angus (1879) I. 175 The pairtyng of the Grange forsade with the consent of bath the sydis wes made at Martymes. 1560 J. Daus tr. Sleidane's Comm. 100 b, How obstinate the Romishe syde was in the convocation at Auspurge. 1591 Savile Tacitus, Hist. ii. xciii. 108 In trueth by his comming the side was reuiued. a 1639 W. Whately Prototypes i. xx. (1640) 207 The Conquering side is often more miserable by sinning than the conquered by slaughter or captivity. 1676 Lady Chaworth in 12th Rep. Hist. MSS. Comm. App. V. 34, 5000 of each side killed on the place. 1726 Wodrow's Corr. (1843) III. 249 A certain side are highly disappointed. 1823 Southey Hist. Penins. War I. 464 The loss on either side, in this pursuit, appears not to have been great. 1888 Bryce Amer. Commw. II. li. 284 A general battle, in which each side feels that it cannot allow any odds to the other. |
b. One of the parties in an athletic or sporting contest or game of skill.
| 1698 R. Lassels Italy I. 140 That side which throws the ballon over the rails of the other side wins the day. 1716 Lond. Gaz. No. 5536/4 There will..be 31 Cocks shewed of a side. 1737 in Waghorn Cricket Scores (1899) 17 Kent side went in first and got 99 notches, then Surrey side went in and got 31. 1837 Hood Agric. Distr. i, Which side had won the cricket match. 1862 Cornhill Mag. Sept. 378 ‘We'll play sides, of course’, said Lily. 1898 J. A. Gibbs Cotswold Village xi. 230 The rest of our team included the jovial miller;..the village curate, who captained the side..; one or two farmers; [etc.]. 1947 N. Cardus Autobiogr. ii. ii. 194 A boy fixes figures painted on square bits of tin—just the total of the batting side, the fall of the wickets, and the score of the last man out. 1977 C. Martin-Jenkins Jubilee Tests ii. iv. 87 England's only difference from their Centenary Test side was the replacement of Fletcher by Barlow. |
c. (so many)-
a-side, indicating the number of players that may compose a team on the field of play. Usu.
attrib. of a sport or match, as
five-a-side football, etc.
Cf. seven a. 2 g.
| 1900 [see seven a. 2 g]. 1926 Times 12 Apr. 6/5 The following are the results of yesterday's matches in the Seven-a-side Tournament. 1932 Times Lit. Suppl. 30 June 484/2 It is now over a century since it [sc. shinty] was played, seventy-five or so a-side. 1951 Sport 27 Apr.–3 May 4/3 A five-a-side football match is being played between Glasgow's Celtic and Rangers. 1973 J. M. White Garden Game 104 We do sanction two-a-side encounters from time to time, or even three-a-side. 1978 Cornish Guardian 27 Apr. 13 At a Cub Scout's six-a-side football competition..Mrs. M. Dean..presented the winners' shield. |
d. to let the side down: see
let v.
1 32 b.
21. † a. One of the two divisions of a choir.
side for side,
on sides, alternately.
Obs.| 1519 W. Horman Vulg. 11 b, The quere syngeth syde for syde. 1583 Foxe A. & M. 1405/2 The Psalmes should be sung on sides, the one side of the quier singing one verse, the other another. |
b. In Cambridge University, the body of students under the supervision of a particular tutor in a college.
| 1852 Bristed Five Yrs. Eng. Univ. 11 A large college has usually two Tutors,..and the students are equally divided among them—on their sides the phrase is. 1859 Farrar J. Home v, Mr. Grayson, the tutor on whose ‘side’ he was entered. 1882 J. W. Clark in Old Friends at Cambr. (1900) 40 Tutor of one of the three sides, as they were called, into which Trinity College was then divided. |
V. attrib. and
Comb. 22. Attrib. in sense 1, as
side-cover,
side-fellow,
side-mate,
side-sore,
side-stitch.
| 1611 Shakes. Temp. i. ii. 326 Thou shalt haue cramps, Side-stitches, that shall pen thy breath vp. 1636 R. Brathwait Rom. Emp. 49 Envy (which is alwayes the side-mate of vertue) repined. 1690 C. Nesse Hist. O. & N. Test. I. 34 A collateral companion or side-fellow, or yoke-fellow. 1826 Kirby & Sp. Entomol. III. xxxv. 598 The epipleura or side-cover..that covers the sides of the body. 1898 Allbutt's Syst. Med. V. 346 The name Pleurisy.., side-sore of Early English. |
23. a. Attrib., denoting ‘situated or lying towards or at the side’, as
side-aisle,
side-altar,
side-bench,
side-chancel,
side-channel,
side-cut,
side-drain,
side-entrance,
side-gate,
side outlet,
side-path,
side turning,
side ward,
side-window,
side-yard, etc.
| 1711 G. Hickes Two Treat. Chr. Priesth. (1847) I. 322 Such tables may be set up in any *side aisle on either side of the chancel. 1858 Hawthorne Fr. & It. Jrnls. (1872) I. 6 Here in the recess of every arch of the side-aisles..there was a chapel. |
| 1542 in Legg Clerk's-bk. (1903) App. viii. 92 Except the Curatt say masse at a *side awter. 1859 Jephson Brittany x. 166 Among the side-altars I observed one dedicated to Saint Anne. |
| c 1350 Will. Palerne 4565 Þe real rinkes..at þe heiȝe dese, & alle oþer afterward on þe *side benches. c 1440 Promp. Parv. 455/1 Sydebynche.., subsellium. |
| 1535 Coverd. Ezek. xli. 9 The foundacion of the *syde chambres was a meterodde (that is sixe cubites) brode. |
| 1571 in Legg Clerk's-bk. (1903) App. iv. 73 The parishe shall have for breakinge the grownd for a pyt, in the *side chanselles x s. |
| 1838 Civil Eng. & Arch. Jrnl. I. 97/2 The sides [of the roadway], where the water is received into the gutters, or *side channels. |
| 1679–88 Secr. Serv. Money Chas. & Jas. (Camden) 155 The carving work of the tabernacle and the degrees in the *side chappell at Whitehall. 1866 Geo. Eliot F. Holt (1868) 40 The space of a large side-chapel was taken up by the tombs of the Debarrys. |
| 1805 Allnutt Navig. Thames 24 The Number of *Side-cuts, Pound-locks, and Weirs, that may be required. |
| 1838 Civil Eng. & Arch. Jrnl. I. 97 Ditches termed open *side drains, are made parallel to the axis of the road. |
| 1907 Daily Mail Year Bk. 74/2 In turn the prevailing form of body has been the..*side-entrance phaeton, and the landaulet and limousine. 1926 W. W. Jacobs Sea Whispers v. 113 To leave by the side-entrance was the best way of avoiding trouble. 1976 Northumberland Gaz. 26 Nov. 18/1 (Advt.), Hall, sitting room,..side entrance, porch. |
| 1814 Selby & M. Weighton Road Act ii. 5 When any new *side gate or side gates shall be erected. |
| 1601 Holland Pliny II. 482 In his time..men began at Rome to bestow siluer vpon their cupboords and *side liuery tables. |
| 1967 Gloss. Sanitation Terms (B.S.I.) 10 *Side outlet tee, a tee which incorporates an additional branch at 90° both to the main pipe and to the leg of the tee. 1972 L. M. Harris Introd. Deepwater Floating Drilling Operations x. 98 The subsea blowout-preventer stack..should have two side outlets for the choke and kill-line connections. |
| 1831 Scott Ct. Rob. iii, *Side passages opened into it. |
| 1854 Dickens Hard T. ii. xii. 250 Indifferent to the rain,..she struck into a *side-path parallel with the ride. 1897 Cath. Mag. Oct. 246 A side-path which opened out into a sun⁓baked space. 1924 R. Hichens After Verdict ii. vii. 181 She's always in the wholesome centre... No false steps into side-paths for her. |
| 1859 Habits of Gd. Society Pref., Two *side⁓pavements and a very bad road. |
| 1535 Coverd. Judges xvi. 3 But Samson..toke holde on both y⊇ *syde portes of y⊇ gate of the cite. |
| 1575 Appius & Virginia in Hazl. Dodsley IV. 136 And at Simkin's *side-ridge my lord stood talking. 1844 H. Stephens Bk. Farm II. 404 The dung⁓hill should be placed on a head-ridge or side-ridge of the field. |
| 1842 Borrow Bible in Spain ii, Our repast..we ate in a little *side room with a mud floor. |
| 1711 Steele Spect. No. 14 ¶15 At the Hay-Market the Undertakers forgetting to change their *Side-scenes. 1850 Thackeray Pendennis iv, He watched her at the side-scene—where she stood waiting to come on the stage. |
| 1617 Moryson Itin. i. 273 The rest of the *side streetes and allies being of poore building. 1894 Hall Caine Manxman v. xxii, Philip turned into a side street. |
| 1775 Ann. Reg. i. 117, 13 culverts, 8 *side trunks, and 4 weirs. |
| 1946 Law Rep. 5 Oct. 334 She was executing a manoeuvre of turning from the near side into a *side turning on her off-side. 1965 M. Spark Mandelbaum Gate iii. 54 He dodged down a side-turning into the shop of an Arab dealer. |
| 1869 H. F. Tozer Highl. Turkey I. 299 At last we struck up a *side valley. |
| 1968 M. Allingham Cargo of Eagles iii. 42 She shared a *side ward..with two other old ladies. |
| 1535 Coverdale Ezek. xl. 16 The chambers and their pilers within, rounde aboute vnto y⊇ dore, had *syde wyndowes. 1851 Mantell Petrifactions i. 7 The rooms are lighted by side-windows, instead of by sky-lights. 1959 M. Summerton Small Wilderness x. 131, I rolled down the side window. Instantly the car was hazed with incoming fog. 1976 Derbyshire Times (Peak ed.) 3 Sept. 6/2 The youth admitted kicking the side window of the car twice. |
| 1879 W. Whitman Daybooks, & Notebooks (1978) I. 139 The window where I sit..opens on a spacious *side-yard. 1979 Kingston (Ontario) Whig-Standard 29 Mar. 21/2 Narrow side yards could block fire trucks. |
b. Denoting ‘situated, placed, or fixed at or on the side of something’, as
side armour,
side-band,
side-beam,
side-bolt,
side-chest,
side-crust, etc.
A number of technical combs. of this kind are fully explained in Knight
Dict. Mech. (1875 and 1884).
| 1883 Whitaker's Alm. 445/2 One iron-clad.., 9-in. *side armour. 1889 Welch Naval Archit. 141 Ships provided with thick side armour are known as armoured vessels. |
| 1805 Dickson Pract. Agric. I. Pl. xxix, This is put across the ends of them lengthways, so as to form a *side band. |
| 1611 Cotgr., Iumelles, the cheekes, or *side-beames of a presse. |
| 1688 Holme Armoury iii. 306 The several parts of a Bit... The *Side Bolts. |
| 1850 R. G. Cumming Hunter's Life S. Afr. (ed. 2) I. 23 Along the sides of the waggon, and outside it, are two longer and narrower chests called *side-chests... The side-chests are very convenient for holding tools. |
| 1780 Mirror No. 17 It had..battlements like the *side-crust of a Christmas goose-pye. |
| 1814 Scott Wav. xxxv, The well-powdered ears which appeared beneath his neat military *side-curls. |
| 1821 ― Kenilw. vi, The cushions, *side-curtains, and the very foot-cloth. 1912 Motor Manual (ed. 14) iv. 161 The only car for such weather conditions is a covered one, either one with a Cape cart hood with side curtains well down,..or the more complete enclosure of limousine or landaulet. 1980 L. Lewis Private Life of Country House iii. 35 We bought a secondhand T model Ford... It..had a hood and talc side-curtains. |
| c 1475 Pict. Voc. in Wr.-Wülcker 777 Hoc calatrale, a *sydedocer. |
| 1862 Chambers's Encycl. IV. 349/1 *Side-fishes are long pieces of timber dove-tailed on the opposite sides of a made mast. |
| 1742 Mrs. Delany Life & Corr. (1861) II. 185 Order him to send me down a very good coach and four horses with *side-glasses. |
| 1861 Dickens Gt. Expect. xxx, He pulled up his shirt-collar, twined his *side-hair. |
| 1591 Percivall Sp. Dict., Azicates de espuelas, the *side irons of spurs, Calcarium costæ. 1889 Gretton Memory's Harkback 116 The pace..was..quite enough to bid a nervous traveller hold hard by the side-iron. |
| 1863 A. Young Naut. Dict. 217 *Side-Keelsons, are additional keelsons laid on the floors, one on each side of the main keelson, to afford additional strength and stability. |
| 1728 R. Morris Ess. Anc. Archit. 78 If the Key[stone] be double, the *Side-Key is 1/3 of the Width. |
| 1942 *Side parting [see pipe n.1 1 c]. 1982 D. Phillips Coconut Kiss v. 43 Grace asked if she could do her hair with a side parting and a slide. |
| 1881 Greener Gun 262 With a strong hand turn⁓screw turn out the *side-pins, and remove the locks and hammers together. |
| 1768–74 Tucker Lt. Nat. (1834) I. 513 To take care that this stone lies firm upon solid ground, and..do not indeed take its support from some *side-props. |
| 1856 ‘Stonehenge’ Brit. Rural Sports 347/1 He [a colt] is led about by the cavesson,..without any *side-reins being attached. |
| 1846 A. Young Naut. Dict. 306 The Feed-Pump..is also worked by *side-rods. |
| c 1860 H. Stuart Seaman's Catech. 12 Who attends the *side scale? The right rear⁓man. 1867 Smyth Sailor's Word-bk. 625 Side-scale, a simple graduation..for the quick elevation or depression of the guns. |
| 1513 Douglas æneid i. iii. 49 The storme ourset, raif ruvis and *syde semis. 1844 Regul. & Ord. Army 154 Top of Front, from Side-Seam to Side-Seam (when Buttoned), 13 Inches. |
| 1876 Clin. Soc. Trans. IX. 73, I then applied a well-padded *side-splint with foot-piece to the inner side of the leg. |
| 1805 R. W. Dickson Pract. Agric. I. 36 The *side standards, by being brought nearer to the perpendicular situation, are enabled to sustain considerably more weight. |
| 1827 H. Steuart Planter's G. (1828) 260 The two *Side-Stays..are made as short as possible, in order to prevent interference with the branches. |
| 1846 Holtzapffel Turning II. 703 The sawpit..has two stout timbers running the whole length, called *side strakes. |
| 1754 Bartlet Farriery 356 A is a pad, to which is fastened a circingle B. CC two *side straps, one on each side the horse. 1802 James Milit. Dict., Side-straps, in a field carriage, are flat iron bands which go round the side-pieces. |
| 1445–6 Durh. Acc. Rolls (Surtees) 630 Pro..x paribus de *Sydtrace ad viij d. |
| 1794 Rigging & Seamanship 10 *Side-trees, the lower main pieces of a made-mast. c 1860 H. Stuart Seaman's Catech. 73 Two side trees, one on each side, and dowelled and bolted to the spindle. |
| 1523 Fitzherb. Husb. §4 The dryuinge of his *syde-wedges, forewedge, and hele⁓wedge. |
| 1867 Amer. Naturalist Aug. 287 Their ears are often tufted, and one species, at least, has ‘*side-whiskers’ formed by the true fur, in addition to the labial bristles which ordinarily receive this name. 1888 F. Hume Mme. Midas i. ii, Heavy side whiskers and moustache. |
c. Denoting ‘growing out to the side’, as
side-bough,
side-branch,
side-growth,
side-spray, etc. See also
side-shoot.
| 1707 Mortimer Husb. (1721) II. 29, I am rather for cutting only of the *Side-boughs, than heading of them. |
| Ibid. 73 If you would not have a Tree put forth *side-Branches, prune them up in February. 1880 C. R. Markham Peruv. Bark 80 A rapidly rising, slender, tall stem, devoid of side branches. |
| 1868 Rep. U.S. Comm. Agric. (1869) 256 Trimming off such straggling *side growth as may be in the way of the workmen. |
| 1864 Hibberd Rose Bk. 89 They will be likely to throw out a good deal of *side-spray that will soon cause the trees to be as crowded as before. |
| 1796 W. H. Marshall Midl. Co. (ed. 2) II. 387 Toes or *sidespurns, the spreading roots of trees. |
24. a. ‘Directed or tending sideways, exerted or taking effect laterally, indirect,’ etc., as
side-beam,
side-blow,
side-course,
side-drawing,
side-eye,
side-flash,
side-glimpse,
side-jump, etc.
| 1935 Discovery Nov. 341 (caption) The advantages of a *side-beam:..the beam can be followed as it strikes the objects bordering a country road. 1978 R. V. Jones Most Secret War xx. 169 If another aircraft flew down one of the side beams, the result should be a second line intersecting with the first at the exact location of the station. |
| 1692 Bentley Boyle Serm. 230 What natural agent could..impell them so strongly with a transverse *side-blow. |
| 1893 F. Adams New Egypt 88 The natural trend of the *side-course of the river is from the east to the west. |
| 1884 W. S. B. M{supc}Laren Spinning 220 The sliver is drawn off by *side-drawing. |
| 1922 Joyce Ulysses 48 A *side-eye at my Hamlet hat. 1958 J. Kerouac On Road 189 Looking at me with the same wary insolent side-eye. |
| 1889 Ruskin Præterita III. 96 It was impossible for him to speak to any one he cared for, without some *side-flash of witty compliment. |
| 1890 ‘Mark Twain’ Let. 11 Feb. in J. Brown Lett. (1912) 452 The charm of the painter is so strong that one can't keep his entire attention on the developing portrait, but must steal *side-glimpses of the artist. |
| 1869 Routledge's Ev. Boy's Ann. 386 As a breaker approaches, meet it by a *side jump. |
| 1828 Life Planter Jamaica 345 Wishing..to procure, by *side means, information of who he was. |
| a 1704 Locke (J.), The parts of water..will, by a *side motion, be easily removed. 1768–74 Tucker Lt. Nat. (1834) I. 42 While we work, or study, or converse, we often change our posture, turn our eyes, and make many side motions having no connexion with the purpose we are about. |
| 1856 ‘Stonehenge’ Brit. Rur. Sports 363/2 The saddle..being small and light will not bear much *side-pull. |
| 1863 Hawthorne Our Old Home (1879) 119 Illuminated by some *side-ray from himself. |
| 1820 Scott Abbot xxix, The Lady of Lochleven, at whom this *side-shaft was lanched. |
| 1859 G. Meredith R. Feverel xvi, With another *side shot at the confidential clerk. 1863 W. C. Baldwin Afr. Hunting iii. 80, I determined on firing at his knee, if I could not get a side-shot between the ear and the eye. |
| 1760–72 H. Brooke Fool of Qual. (1809) III. 116 He made a *side⁓stroke at me. 1873 Bennett & Cavendish Billiards 9 The tip being once added to the cue, side-stroke soon followed as a matter of course. |
| 1781 Cowper Retirement 690 To..stab religion with a sly *side-thrust. 1821 Lockhart Valerino I. xii. 254 Your side-thrust is the only one I would lay an as upon. 1855 Ecclesiologist XVI. 338 The lofty and unstable outer walls of the wide nave would be forced apart by the side-thrust of the vaulting. |
| 1894 H. Speight Nidderdale 381 A protective wall, preventing a destructive *side-wash, has been built. |
| 1597 J. King On Jonas (1599) 257 It is his will by obliquity, a *side-will, vnproper, vndirect. |
b. ‘Seen from, looking towards, the side,’ as
side-elevation,
side-front. Also
side-view.
| 1775 Sheridan Rivals iv. ii, I wish the lady would favour us with something more than a side-front. 1853 Ure Dict. Arts (ed. 4) II. 509 Fig. 1193. represents this twin furnace in a side elevation. |
c. ‘Spoken aside or in an undertone,’ as
side-remark,
side soliloquy,
side speech,
side-talk.
| a 1910 ‘Mark Twain’ What is Man? in Harper's Mag. Oct. 673/1 He was treated to many side remarks by his fellows. 1968 Economist 3 Feb. 13/1 Formal statistical tables.., so that everybody can tell what each Wilsonian side-remark is meant to mean. |
| 1842 S. Lover Handy Andy xxxiv, In a side soliloquy. |
| 1809 Malkin Gil Blas xii. iii. ¶7 This side speech explained to me the plot. |
| 1917 G. S. Gordon Let. 14 Feb. (1943) 70 This is all side-talk compared with the great thing that has happened to you. 1931 B. Brown Talking Pictures x. 250 The need for silence in the studio is increased, since side talk, coughs, etc., are liable to be picked up. |
d. ‘Apart from the main point or course of anything, subsidiary,’ as
side-conflict,
side-result. See also
side-effect, -issue.
| 1878 R. B. Smith Carthage 291 Throughout these first six years..a side conflict was raging in Spain. 1894 Westm. Gaz. 15 Nov. 2/1 Such mere side-results as an influx of berry-pickers from London and Liverpool into the holly-growing districts. |
25. Objective and parasynthetic, as
side-convulsing,
side-piercing,
side-shaking;
side-mouthed,
side-sighted,
side-spotted,
side-striped.
| 1605 Shakes. Lear iv. vi. 85 O thou side-piercing sight! 1751 Smollett Per. Pic. xciii, Various distortions and side-shakings. 1818 Shelley Rosalind 1065 Forcing the point of a barbed dart Into its side-convulsing heart. 1861 Swinburne Queen Mother iii. i, Cunning little heads And side-mouthed puppets quaintly cut on it. 1879 Man. Artill. Exerc. 201 The 80-pr. is side-sighted, and has drop trunnion sights. 1899 W. T. Greene Cage-Birds 60 The Diamond Sparrow..is a pretty bird, and is also called the Side-spotted Finch. 1899 F. V. Kirby Sport E.C. Africa 324 Side⁓striped Jackal (Canis adustus). |
26. Forming combs. used attributively, as
side-spring boot, etc. (See also
side-wheel in 27.)
| 1832 J. Rennie Consp. Butterfl. & Moths 178 The Side Spot Triangle. 1862 Illustr. Catal. Internat. Exhib., Brit. II. No. 4962, The ordinary side-spring boots. 1884 W. S. B. M{supc}Laren Spinning (ed. 2) 218 The side-drawing method secures a very large amount of doubling. 1892 Greener Breech Loader 17 The side-lever snap-action gun. 1898 Daily News 10 May 6/2 A big thousand ton side⁓paddle frigate. 1907 Yesterday's Shopping (1969) 629/2 Plain quality side-lock hammerless guns. 1955 R. Churchill Game Shooting iv. ii. 193 Apart from the action of fully-automatic guns, all game guns are built either with what is called the sidelock action or the box lock. |
27. Special combs., as
side action Pharm. = side effect 2;
side-axe, an axe with a handle slightly bent to one side;
side band Telecommunication, a band of frequencies above or below a carrier frequency, within which lie the frequencies produced by modulation of the carrier;
side-basset (see
quot. 1860);
side-bet, a bet of one side against another;
side-bit, a part of a shirt;
side boy (see
quot. 1846);
side-burn [alteration of burnside, after
side-hair, etc.]
orig. U.S., a short side-whisker;
usu. pl.; hence
side-burned a.;
side-burthen (see
quot.);
side chair, an upright wooden chair without arms;
side circuit Teleph. (see
quot. 1916);
side counter-timber Naut. (see
quot.);
side-cousin, ? one not quite a cousin;
side cut Oil Industry = side stream (
b) below;
side-cutting (see
quot.);
side-drawn a., sketched from the side;
side drift Mining, etc., a horizontal tunnel leading off the main passage (
cf. drift n. 15);
side-drum, a drum which is slung at the side of the performer; also in
Jazz, etc.: a drum (
usu. part of a set) placed on a stand beside the performer;
side-entry, (
a) a side-entrance; an area outside the side-door of a house; (
b)
Bridge, a card providing access to a hand in a suit other than trumps (
cf. entry 1 f);
side-file (see
quot.);
side-filister, a form of plane;
side-forming (see
quots.);
side frequency Telecommunication, a particular frequency in a side band, equal, in the case of amplitude modulation, to the carrier frequency plus or minus a particular modulating frequency;
side gallery, either of the two galleries along the side of the debating chamber of the House of Commons, divided to seat Members and others;
† side-glass v., ? to ogle through the side-glass of a coach;
side-grafting (see
quot.);
† side-half:
on side-half, apart;
a side-half, about;
† side-hand, on one side
of (see also
sidenhand);
side-handed a., indirect;
† side-hankle v., to hobble (a horse) on one side;
† side-haying, hedging at the sides of land;
side-head(ing) Journalism (see
quot. 1889);
† side-hinge, a butt-hinge;
side-hold Mountaineering, a hold in which the rock is gripped from the side;
side-hook (see
quot. 1825);
side-ill Sc., some disease in sheep;
side-ladder (see
quots.);
side lamp, a lamp placed at the side (see also
quot. 1885);
spec. of a motor vehicle
= side-light 3 c;
side-land, a strip of land lying along the side of a ploughed field; also
attrib., sloping (
cf. Eng. Dial. Dict.);
side-laning,
-lay (see
quots.);
side lever Mech., each of two beams located on the sides of some forms of steam engine, which transmit motion from the cross-head of the pistons to the connecting rods;
side-loader, a fork-lift truck in which the fork is located at the side of the vehicle;
side lobe, any lobe in the response or radiation pattern of a radio aerial other than the central, or main, lobe;
side-lock,
† (
a)
pl. that part of a wig that covers the ears and neck; (
b) a lock of hair worn at the side of the head (also
fig.);
side-mark (see
quots.);
side mill Engin., a circular milling cutter with teeth on its face, so that it cuts in the direction of its axis of rotation; also, a cylindrical cutter used with its axis parallel to the surface of the workpiece, so that the cutting action occurs along its length; hence
side milling vbl. n.;
side-nippers (see
quot.);
side-note, a note made or placed at the side of a page;
side-partner U.S. colloq., a close associate at work; hence, a colleague or ‘side kick’;
side-piece, a piece fixed or attached at one side (see also
quots.);
side-plane, a plane which cuts at the side (Knight, 1875);
side-plate (see
quots.);
side play Mech., freedom of movement from side to side;
side reaction Chem., a subsidiary reaction taking place in a chemical system at the same time as a more important reaction;
side rebate- or
rebating-plane (see
quots.);
side-rest (see
quot.);
side-rib (see
quots.);
side road, (
a) a minor or subsidiary road; a road leading from or to a main road; (
b)
spec. (
Canad.) in Ontario, a road which passes along the side boundary of a concession;
side salad, a salad served as a side dish;
† side-school Sc., a small school in an out-of-the-way district;
side scraper Archæol., a broad flint implement with a scraping edge on one of the longer sides of the flake (
cf. racloir);
side-screen,
† (
a) in landscape, a secondary feature set on both sides of the principal to show perspective; (
b) one of the side-curtains of a open motor vehicle (in
quot. 1970, of the cab of a railway locomotive);
† side-scription, a former Scottish method of subscribing documents (
cf. side-sign);
side-seat, (
a) the mode of sitting on horseback which accompanies a side-saddle; (
b) a seat facing or placed at the side in any form of transport;
† side-sele (?);
† side-sign v., to sign (a document) by writing the name at the side, where the sheets are pasted together;
† side-span v. (see
quot.);
side-split Canad., a split-level house with fewer storeys on one side than the other;
side-splitter, a very funny story, farce, etc.;
side-splitting a., that convulses with merriment, extremely funny; also as
vbl. n.; hence
side-splittingly adv.;
side-stream, (
a) a tributary stream or subsidiary current; also
fig.; (
b)
Oil Industry, a fraction drawn off at an intermediate tray in a distillation column;
side-stroke Swimming, a stroke employed in swimming on the side; also as
advb.;
side suit, in
Cards, a suit other than trumps,
esp. (in
Bridge) a long suit;
side-sway, (
a) a rolling motion from side to side in a moving vehicle; (
b) a sideways movement or displacement of the upper part of a building or structure as a result of wind pressure;
side-tackle,
U.S. in football, one or other of two players stationed at each end of the rush-line;
side-taking, taking one side or other in a dispute, etc.;
side tone Teleph., the reproduction of the user's voice in a telephone receiver; a sound so heard;
side-tool, a tool cutting on the side, used in wood-turning;
side-trawler, a trawler in which the nets are set and hauled over the sides;
side trip, a detour or deviation (also
fig.); a voyage or excursion aside from the main journey,
esp. for sightseeing;
side valve Mech., a valve that is mounted alongside the cylinder in an internal-combustion engine and opens into a sideways extension of the combustion chamber;
freq. attrib.;
side-wheel,
attrib., of steamers, having paddle-wheels at the sides;
side wheeler, (
a) a side-wheel steamer; (
b)
U.S. Baseball, a side-arm or left-handed pitcher; (
c)
U.S., a pacing horse with a rolling gait (see
quots.);
side-wing Theatr. = wing n. 9 c; also
transf. in
pl., side-whiskers (
slang);
side-work, (
a) in fortification, a lateral work; (
b) the action of bounding sidewards, on the part of a horse.
| 1933 M. B. Muse Pharmacol. & Therapeutics i. 42 Morphine sulphate..when administered as an analgesic has numerous *side actions some of which are harmless. |
| 1875 Carpentry & Join. 8 The *side axe.., with one bevel, is free from this drawback, as it is held with the blade vertical. |
| 1922 Proc. I.R.E. X. 363 A modulated radio telephone wave consists of two components, one, the carrier frequency itself and the other, the so-called *side bands, which are the actual modulated components. 1943 Electronic Engin. XV. 339/2 If only one side-band is received, a local oscillator must supply the suppressed carrier frequency..before the detector stage. 1974 Physics Bull. Mar. 91/2 Attention was drawn to..the use of side bands generated in the visible region by laser mixing techniques as an alternative to direct comparison of infrared and visible wavelengths. |
| 1686 *Side-basset [see basset n.3]. 1860 Eng. & For. Mining Gloss. (ed. 2) 78 Side-bassett, a transverse direction, or at right angles with the line of dip. |
| 1894 H. H. Gardener Unoff. Pat. 277 The *side bet, as they called it, must be won. 1897 Westm. Gaz. 6 Feb. 6/1 If Mr. Ives wishes to challenge me for the championship I shall be pleased to accept and make a side-bet of any amount he wishes. |
| 1840 Barham Ingol. Leg. Ser. ii. Aunt Fanny v, One of those queer little three-corner'd straps, Which..ladies call *‘Side-bits’, that sever the ‘Flaps’. |
| 1823 J. F. Cooper Pilot I. iii. 31 The shrill whistle of the boat-swains mate, as he recalled the *side⁓boys. 1846 A. Young Naut. Dict. 283 Side-boys, in a ship of war, are boys employed to take charge of the man-ropes, and attend on any officers or other individuals coming on board from or going off in a boat. 1916 ‘Taffrail’ Pincher Martin i. 2 Eyed critically by the grinning side-boy and the messenger. 1977 Navy News Sept. 25/2 Shipmate Fred Talbot was nominated ‘side boy’ for the evening and he piped the Mayor aboard. |
| 1887 Chicago Jrnl. 1 Aug., McGarigle has his mustache and small *sideburns still on. 1936 G. Greene Journey without Maps ii. iv. 197 He was..handsome in his native robe and his sideburns. 1977 ‘J. le Carré’ Hon. Schoolboy xii. 264 Cy..had sideburns and..looked like a Mormon missionary. |
| 1941 B. Schulberg What makes Sammy Run? iv. 75 A swarthy, *sideburned Latin. 1976 Listener 29 July 103/1 The headmaster, the richly sideburned Mr Terry Ellis. |
| 1857 P. Colquhoun Comp. Oarsman's G. 31 *Side burthens are extra thwarts laid in provisionally to carry sitters. |
| 1905 *Side chair [see rocker1 4 b]. 1968 Canadian Antiques Collector July 32 (Advt.), Sheraton side chairs in mahogany with red damask upholstery. Circa 1810. |
| 1916 Standard. Rules Amer. Inst. Electr. Engineers 95 A *side circuit is a two-wire circuit forming one side of a phantom circuit. 1957 W. Fraser Telecommunications v. 122 It is possible to transmit speech on the phantom circuit without interference to either side-circuit. |
| c 1850 Rudim. Navig. (Weale) 147 *Side counter timber, the stern⁓timber which partakes of the shape of the topside, and heels upon the end of the wing transom. |
| 1875 Tennyson Q. Mary ii. iii, And little Jenny—though she's but a *side-cousin. |
| 1949 Our Industry (Anglo-Iranian Oil Co. Ltd.) (ed. 2) iii. 95 Reverting now to the question of drawing off ‘*side-cuts’, the product on any one tray must always be contaminated by some traces of lighter components. 1970 W. G. Roberts Quest for Oil viii. 85 At the point where we wish to draw off side-cuts or intermediate fractions, special trays are put in. |
| 1842 Civil Eng. & Arch. Jrnl. V. 84/2 The cutting..was in the line of railway, or what is called back-cutting, in contradistinction to earth got out of the line, which is called *side-cutting. |
| 1649 G. Daniel Trinarch. To Rdr. 166 To run vneuen as a Roman Face *Side-drawne. |
| 1872 ‘Mark Twain’ Roughing It 279 He disappeared in the gloom of a ‘*side drift’ just as a head appeared in the mouth of the shaft. 1940 Chambers's Techn. Dict. 768/1 Side drift, an adit. |
| c 1800 Busby Dict. Mus., *Side-drum, the common military Drum. 1856 Berlioz Instrument. 231 The side-drum is only a drum longer than the preceding one. 1875 Stainer & Barrett Dict. Mus. Terms, Side-drum, a small military drum frequently used in the orchestra. 1926–7 [see gong-drum s.v. gong2 1 c]. 1956 Side-drum [see boomy a.]. |
| 1885 S. O. Jewett Marsh Island 195 The old farmer and his crony moved their chairs into the square *side-entry. 1901 W. Churchill Crisis 13 He did not discuss his ambitions at dinner with the other clerks in the side entry. 1958 Listener 23 Oct. 669/2 North is unlikely to have the heart suit and a side entry. 1977 Homes & Gardens Feb. 14 The hand with the long suit has few side-entries. |
| 1884 Knight Dict. Mech. Suppl. 808/1 *Side File, for trimming up the outside edges of the cutting points of saws after setting, to prevent setting. |
| 1875 Carpentry & Join. 28 The *side filister is a rebate plane of more complicated..construction, being fitted with shifting guides or fences regulating the depth and width of cut. |
| 1838 Civil Eng. & Arch. Jrnl. I. 97/1 To make what is termed a *side forming, which is done by raising the whole embankment at once. 1842 Francis Dict. Arts, Side Forming, a road-way formed by paring down part of a hill or other steep, so as to form a road upon the side of it. |
| 1925 Proc. I.R.E. XIII. 295 In the case of the *side frequencies produced by the modulator tube and delivered through the circuit.. there will be no emfs. to balance them out and they will be impressed upon the amplifer. 1978 P. H. Smale Telecommunication Systems ii. 18 The sum of carrier and modulating signal frequencies is called the upper sidefrequency. |
| 1883 T. E. May Treat. on Law, Privileges, Proc. & Usage of Parliament (ed. 9) xi. 341 A member may speak from the *side galleries, appropriated to members, but not from below the bar. 1930 B. Fell Palace of Westminster 41 The seating on the floor of the House accommodates 368 members and there is room in the side galleries for another 82. a 1974 R. Crossman Diaries (1976) II. 402 During the all-night sitting on the Abortion Bill the side galleries would have to be closed because otherwise there would be no door-keepers. |
| 1689 Shadwell Bury F. 111, Then will I..to the Park. Wildish. So will I; where I will *Side-glass you. 1693 ― Volunteers iv. i, My side-glassing you at the park. |
| 1704 Dict. Rust. (1726) s.v. Graft, *Side Grafting;..take off from a smooth part in the West side, as much Bark as [etc.]. |
| c 1400 Love Bonavent. Mirr. I. (1908) 263 Oure lorde Jesu came and aperede to hir.., gretynge hir on *side half in thise wordes. c 1400 Found. St. Barth. vii, Herry the first xxx{supt}{supy} yere, and a sidehalfe [L. circiter] the thirde yeare of his reigne. |
| 1577–87 Harrison Descr. Brit. xiii. in Holinshed 71 The Avon riseth at Navesbie in the borders of North-hamptonshire, a little *side hand of Gillesborow. 1579–80 North Plutarch (1612) 603 He turned his horse head vpon a sudden, and leauing his enemies side-hand of him that had him in chase, he closely stole by them. |
| 1845 Thackeray Leg. Rhine xiii, She made some *side⁓handed enquiries regarding Otto. |
| 1621 Sanderson Serm. I. 189 A third sort [are]..like an unruly colt... These would be well fettered and *side-hanckled for leaping. |
| 1610 W. Folkingham Art Surv. ii. ii. 49 Compound Contiguall Boundage is more significant, as *side-haying, head-shawing. |
| 1889 Cent. Dict., *Side-head... In printing, a heading or a sub⁓head run in at the beginning of a paragraph, instead of being made a separate line. 1964 New Statesman 21 Feb. 303/3 We shall present these pieces in a way which makes their character as editorial opinion less equivocal, by prefixing a generic side-head. 1971 D. Ayerst Guardian xxiv. 347 The Guardian gave Churchill only those two or three lines towards the end of the story below a modest side-head: ‘The Home Secretary’. |
| 1968 Heidelberg News Sept. 4/1 Send him a picture and supply a caption as a *side heading. |
| 1679 Moxon Mech. Exerc. ix. 160 In a Battend-door,..they use Cross-Garnets. If a Fram'd Door, *Side Hinges. |
| 1920 G. W. Young Mountain Craft iv. 162 ‘*Side’-holds, where the edge or point of rock projects and is grasped sideways. 1977 D. Law Starting Mountaineering & Rock Climbing vi. 68 Most of the holds for jamming are side holds, but some can be used for a vertical pull-up. |
| 1823 P. Nicholson Pract. Builder 252 Every joiner should have, at least, two *side-hooks of equal size. 1825 J. Nicholson Operat. Mechanic 585 A flat piece of wood, which has two projectiing knobs, on opposite sides, one at each end, called a side-hook, is used, to keep the piece which has to undergo the operation of the saw steady. |
| 17.. Patie's Wedding in Herd Coll. (1776) II. 190 I'se cut the craig o' the ewe That had amaist died of the *Side-ill. |
| 1798 Middleton View Agric. M'sex. 87 These carts, with the addition of movable head, tail, and *side ladders or copps, carry hay, corn, and straw. 1867 Smyth Sailor's Word-bk. 624 Side ladder, or Accommodation-ladder, a complete staircase structure used in harbour by most large ships. 1891 C. Roberts Adrift Amer. 232 There was a side ladder over, which I got hold of, and..climbed on board. |
| 1826 J. O'Keefe Recoll. Life I. x. 376 His shaggy dress took fire from the *side-lamps. 1885 E. B. Ivatts Railway Management at Stations 550 Lamp (side), lamps for showing red lights at the two sides of guards' vans at the end of a train, as signals to an approaching train..and white lights towards the engine driver to enable him looking back to see that no portion of his train has broken away. 1912 Motor Manual (ed. 14) iii. 124 It is possible..to adapt electric lighting very successfully to any car, both for interior lighting of limousines and landaulets, and for head, side and rear lamps. 1963 Times 30 Apr. 13/4 The many heavy lorries which..only have one pin-head size nearside sidelamp in the town. |
| 1763 Museum Rust. (ed. 2) I. 101 This practice of carrying the upper bed of earth from the head and *side lands on to the field, is very common among the Essex farmers. 1828 Sporting Mag. XXIII. 104 The sideland, uneven parts of ground such as small mole-hills. 1838 Holloway Prov. Dict., Sidelands, the outside parts of a ploughed field, adjoining the hedges, running parallel with the lands or warps. |
| 1860 Eng. & For. Mining Gloss. (ed. 2) 78 *Side-laning, making the gate-road (when abandoned for that purpose)..part of the new side of work. |
| 1576 Turberv. Venerie 246 You may deuide your Greyhounds into three sundry parts, viz. Teasers, *Sidelayes, and Backsets, or Receytes. Ibid. 247 The sidelayes are to be let slippe at y⊇ side of a Deare or after him. 1888 Jacobi Printer's Vocab. 125 Side lay, the margin of a given measurement on one side of a sheet in printing. 1946 A. Monkman in H. Whetton Pract. Printing & Binding v. 64/2 Assuming the ordinary half-sheet of sixteens is on the machine, and the side-lay for printing the first side is at the foot of page 1, there would be a regular and accurate margin from page 1. |
| 1839 *Side lever [see sway-beam s.v. sway-]. 1846 A. Young Naut. Dict. 305 The curved sweep which the ends of the side-levers describe. 1882 Sennett & Oram Marine Steam Engine i. i. 3 The side-lever type of engine, though very heavy and occupying a large space for the power developed, was safe and reliable. 1939 H. W. Dickinson Short Hist. Steam Engine vi. 108 This type was taken up by other makers under the name of the side⁓lever engine, and remained for about forty years the established type for marine-engine practice. 1960 Times 16 Mar. (Canberra Suppl.) p. iv/6 The forward bulkhead..must move one frame aft to accommodate the mechanism of the *side-loader. 1973 Scotsman 19 Feb. 3/1 (Advt.), We produce the largest and most versatile range of frontlift and sideloader trucks in the UK. |
| 1946 Proc. I.R.E. XXXIV. 335/2 After either the *side-lobe level or the position of the first null is specified, the position of the other nulls and of the side lobes can be found by simple calculation. 1975 D. G. Fink Electronics Engineers' Handbk. xxv. 25 In angle, the response function χ(θ,ϕ) is simply the antenna pattern... It has a main lobe in the direction to which it is matched, and side lobes extending over all visible space. |
| 1688 R. Holme Academy of Armory ii. xviii. 463/2 The *side Locks, are those as cover and keep warm the ears and neck, being a degree shorter than the former [sc. ‘The Bottom Locks’]. 1848 Thackeray Van. Fair xxxii, Always giving his side-locks a twirl. 1889 Century Mag. Sept. 710/1 The monuments represent him as a prince and nothing more, still wearing the side-lock of juniority. 1944 S. Bellow Dangling Man 23 The street..presented itself in one of its winter aspects, creased and with thin sidelocks of snow. 1978 I. B. Singer Shosha xi. 196 Old women in bonnets of beads and ribbons, men with white beards and sidelocks. |
| 1818 Hazlitt Eng. Poets vii. (1870) 164 The *side-mark of the age at which they were done, wears out in works destined for immortality. 1888 Jacobi Printers' Vocab. 125 Side mark, the fixed mark on the side which a sheet is laid to in printing on a machine. |
| 1898 H. S. Wilson Practical Tool-Maker & Designer i. 15 Select some good-sized straddle or *side mills. 1954 H. W. Porter et al. Machine Shop Operations & Setups ix. 312 This makes it possible to finish two or more parallel surfaces at the same time by using two or more side mills. |
| 1910 D. de Vries Milling Machines xv. 449 The sharpening of the left side teeth of a *side milling cutter with a cup wheel. 1954 H. W. Porter et al. Machine Shop Operations & Setups ix. 312 Straddle milling requires two side-milling cutters. 1973 J. G. Tweeddale Materials Technol. II. vi. 146 Side-milling uses a cylindrical multifluted cutter (usually spirally fluted) which rotates on an axis parallel to the workpiece and is traversed across it to cut, progressively, tangentially into it. |
| 1846 Holtzapffel Turning II. 906 Other cutting pliers called *side-nippers are oblique. |
| 1776 W. Robertson Let. 8 Apr. in Corr. Adam Smith (1977) 193, I should wish that in the 2d Edition you would give..what the Book-sellers call *Side-notes. 1858 Froude Hist. England IV. 537 Persons..who have observed the traces of his pen in sidenotes and corrections. 1890 N.Y. Even. Post 23 May 8/2 The arrest was made by the witness's *side partner, it being his night off. 1921 R. D. Paine Comrades Rolling Ocean ix. 159 We shall have to consult my side-partner, Briscoe. |
| 1802 James Milit. Dict. s.v. Rider, The axle-tree, upon which the *side-pieces rest, in a four-wheel carriage. 1849 Side-piece [see mob-cap]. 1854 A. E. Baker Northampt. Gloss., Side-pieces, the longitudinal pieces of timber lying under the rafters between the ridge and wall-plates. 1867 Smyth Sailor's Word-bk. 625 Side⁓pieces, parts of a made mast. 1928 Daily Express 16 Aug. 5/2 A car (with a left-hand drive and a hood but no side-pieces). |
| 1680 Lond. Gaz. No. 1532/4 A Pair of French Pistols,..the Stocks of Maple, Silver *side-plates, and Silver Caps. 1756 C. Smart tr. Horace, Sat. ii. iv, I am found to be the first that served up this grape with apples in neat little side-plates. 1879 tr. Haeckel's Evol. Man I. 303 The two lateral portions of the mesoderm..are usually called side-plates. |
| 1861 J. Bourne Treat. Steam-Engine (ed. 5) viii. 352/1 The guide blocks are of brass, and in wearing down they maintain their position in the groove. This mode of construction prevents *side play. 1905 E. C. C. Baly Spectroscopy iii. 50 It is..necessary that the jaws move smoothly in their grooves without any trace of side play. 1934 Webster, *Side reaction. 1936 Jrnl. Amer. Chem. Soc. LVIII. 2210/2 The small deviations observed..may be due to the fact that the side reactions..are more prominent in one case than in the other. 1973 Sci. Amer. Oct. 60/3 High-energy intermediates are frequently formed in chemical syntheses, but if they are not isolated from water or other reactive substances, they decompose in side reactions that lower the yield of the reaction. |
| 1846 Holtzapffel Turning II. 489 When..the rebate plane is meant to cut at the side, it is called the *side-rebate plane. |
| 1825 J. Nicholson Operat. Mechanic 582 The former are used to smooth the side of a rebate, and therefore are called *side rebating-planes. |
| 1680 Moxon Mech. Exerc. x. 181 Turnners have another Rest, called the *Side-Rest. This they use when they Turn the flat sides of Boards. |
| 1582 Stanyhurst æneis iv. (Arb.) 103 Thee top wyth *sideryb of Atlas He sees. 1844 Regul. & Ord. Army 106 New side rib for carbine, with ring fitted. 1852 Seidel Organ 37 Between the upper and under-board there are six boards,..four longer ones, two on each side of the bellows, called side⁓ribs. |
| 1854 T. C. Keefer Ottawa 72 The municipalities have taxed themselves too heavily for the main road..to be able to build also the *side roads. 1873 Woodstock (Ontario) Sentinel 5 Dec. 3/4 To Joseph Whaley for pine timber for culvert on first side road, $1.00. 1958 R. Liddell Morea ii. viii. 190 South of Argos, a side-road, off the main road to Tripolis, leads to Kefalári. 1968 Globe & Mail (Toronto) 13 Feb. 3/6 The partly frozen body..was found Sunday beside the Nixon Side-road. 1976 Western Mail (Cardiff) 22 Nov. 1/2 The other man was seen standing..near a vehicle on a little-used side road. |
| [1951 F. Brobeck Good Salad Bk. 9 A small salad served with the main course, or after it, on a decorative plate is the old⁓fashioned side dish salad.] 1972 D. Sale Love Bite ii. xvii. 212 She..helped herself to a *side salad of avocado in French dressing. 1980 P. Ableman Shoestring's Finest Hour iv. 73, I queued for a hefty portion of shepherd's pie and a side salad. |
| 1863 Good Words 727 In the more distant valleys where even the small *side-schools could not penetrate. |
| 1872 J. Evans Anc. Stone Implements xiii. 272 When the instrument is broader than it is long, it has been termed a *side scraper. 1921 R. A. S. Macalister Text-Bk. European Archaeol. I. vii. 321 The side⁓scraper.., a flake with secondary chipping along one edge, making it fit to scrape the interior of hides in preparing garments. 1977 Sci. Amer. Nov. 126/2 Among the Upper Industry tools at Hoxne were a small number of the flake implements that are traditionally called ‘side scrapers’ and are presumed to have played a role in the dressing of hides. |
| 1782 W. Gilpin Observ. on River Wye ii. 8 Every view on a river, thus circumstanced [with steep banks], is composed of four grand parts; the area, which is the river itself; the two *side-screens, which are the opposite banks, and mark the perspective; and the front-screen, which points out the winding of the river. a 1817 Jane Austen Northang. Abb. (1818) I. xiv. 263 He talked of fore-grounds, distances, and second distances—side⁓screens and perspectives. 1932 News Chron. 6 Aug. 3/5 The assailant thrust a six-chambered revolver through a side-screen and fired. 1958 L. Durrell Mountolive xv. 276 He drove up..in his pennoned car, rejoicing in..the whickering of wind at the side-screens. 1970 N. Fleming Czech Point xiv. 191 The canvas sidescreens to the cab flapped in the wind. 1978 A. Price '44 Vintage xiii. 160 The staff car..with a closed canvas hood and side⁓screens. |
| 1838 W. Bell Dict. Law Scotland 916 *Side-scription. |
| 1856 ‘Stonehenge’ Brit. Rural Sports 538 In spite of her *side⁓seat, the body should be square to the front. 1889 Cent. Dict., Side-seat,..in a vehicle of any kind, a seat with the back against the side of the vehicle, as usually in a horse-car or omnibus. 1901 Daily News 5 July 4 In the stern with the side-seats out there is room for 3 or 4 drift-nets. 1922 Joyce Ulysses 591 The car and horse..turn. Corny Kelleher on the sideseat sways his head to and fro in sign of mirth at Bloom's plight. |
| 1395 in East Anglian Ser. ii. IV. 85, j *sydsele, & j londplate & j rast. |
| 1708 J. Chamberlayne Pres. St. Gt. Brit. (1710) 418 If there be more Sheets than one in the Decreit, the Principal Clerk *side-signs the joyning of every Two Sheets. |
| 1750 Ellis Mod. Husb. VI. ii. 97 *Side-span [sheep], as we call it, by tying a fore-leg to a hind-leg, with an allowance for length of string. |
| 1968 Globe & Mail (Toronto) 15 Jan. 23/1 (Advt.), Why not see this spacious *side-split..in Etobicoke? |
| 1864 Harper's Mag. Feb. 422/1, I send you three samples [of letters].., hoping thereby to reciprocate some of your *side-splitters. 1903 A. M. Binstead Pitcher in Paradise v. 133 As regards poetry I have already had a sidesplitter entitled ‘Don't chalk your cue before a lady’ accepted by Mr Arthur Roberts. |
| 1860 S. Mordecai Virginia xiv. 188 These among other *side-splitting tales, which he told and acted with the skill of a Matthews. 1881 Daily Telegr. 27 Dec., This..past master of the art of side-splitting. 1881 Harper's Monthly LXIII. 266 No matter how side-splitting the story might be. 1907 A. Bennett Grim Smile Five Towns 7 Something *side-splittingly funny—one of the best jokes that ever occurred. 1970 Daily Tel. 6 Aug. 6/2 The reader is..given an at times side-splittingly funny account of the eccentricities of Frazer and his wife. |
| 1900 Knowledge 1 Dec. 273/1 The rotten condition of the surface is seen when one of the larger *side-streams cuts its way down to the Durance. 1935 Petroleum (Inst. Petroleum Technologists) 84 The provision made for taking side-streams has greatly extended the usefulness of the fractionating tower. 1939 John o' London's Weekly (Suppl.) 9 June p. ii/2 The cliffs of Norfolk and Suffolk are menaced by the sidestream of a tidal current that flows westwards into the Wash. 1960 Times 29 Sept. 15/7 His writings are in the stimulating side-stream of scholarly diaries. 1973 D. Andersen Ways Harsh & Wild i. 42 You'll see the waves splashing up the sides of the canyon and falling back to form a hogsback in midstream that's a yard higher than the sidestreams. 1973 R. Priestley in G. D. Hobson Mod. Petroleum Technol. (ed. 4) viii. 271 Products of a volatility intermediate between the overhead and bottoms products are withdrawn as sidestreams. |
| 1867 C. Steedman Man. Swimming 105 The five movements—three for the legs and two for the arms—required for the performance of the *side stroke. a 1936 Kipling Something of Myself (1937) ii. 34 One set of verses which exactly set the time for my side-stroke when I bathed in the big rollers. 1962 A. Sexton All my Pretty Ones 55 The old-fashioned side stroke. 1976 J. McClure Rogue Eagle xi. 185 Buchanan..waded in and swam sidestroke downstream of the gelding. |
| 1952 I. Macleod Bridge is Easy Game xiv. 181 The commonest case is when dummy has a long solid *side suit. 1960 C. H. Goren New Contract Bridge in Nutshell 13 In a side suit, the fourth card is considered a long card. 1974 National Skat & Sheepshead Q. Mar./Apr. 29 This decision is based upon the official rule of calling a side suit ace. |
| 1930 *Sidesway [see rolling vbl. n.2 6 b.]. 1932 Cross & Morgan Continuous Frames of Reinforced Concrete iv. 108 In many problems in the analysis of rigid frames..a solution assuming no movement of the joints does not satisfy statistics because the shear in all columns of any one story is not equal to the known shear in that story. This indicates sidesway..of the frame sufficient to make σH = O. 1961 E. Lightfoot Moment Distribution v. 123 After moments have been apportioned to the frame,..a single or double cycle of joint balance and carry-over is performed (with the frame restrained against sidesway). 1980 Daily Tel. 11 June 14/5 [In the Princess] fast cornering producing rather a lot of side-sway. |
| 1891 N.Y. Tribune 20 Oct. 5/4 (Funk), He was..*side-tackle on his college foot-ball team. |
| 1640 Bp. Hall Episc. ii. 140 Emulation and *side-takings amongst, and against their teachers. 1898 B. Gregory Side Lights 504 Side-taking does not become party. |
| 1917 G. D. Shepardson Telephone Apparatus xiv. 234 Some arrangements seem to give more trouble than others from ‘*side-tones’, whereby the speaker hears his own words too strongly. a 1944 K. Douglas Alamein to Zem Zem (1946) 38 The operator..breathed and hummed into the microphone, listening for sidetone. 1978 Sci. Amer. Mar. 59/1 Too little side tone gives the telephone an unnatural ‘dead’ sound and tends to cause the user to talk too loudly. |
| 1846 Holtzapffel Turning II. 516 For the insides of cylinders, the *side-tool..is sometimes used. |
| 1962 J. Tunstall Fishermen ii. 46 The whole-freezer *side⁓trawler is a..compromise solution in which conventional side-trawling is retained. |
| a 1911 D. G. Phillips Susan Lenox (1917) II. viii. 212 He's got a nasty streak in him... He put me on the Island once for a little *side trip I made. 1929 L. F. Carr Amer. Challenged 3 He was forced to borrow money for a little side trip to New York. 1966 Guardian 24 Dec. 4/3 Another family..spent three weeks in Jutland, with a side trip of a couple of days in Copenhagen. 1979 N. & I. Lyons Champagne Blues 78, I..make arrangements for special side trips, room supplements, extended tour packages. |
| 1928 Daily Mail Year Bk. p. lxiv, 3·49 H.P. *side valve ‘sports’ model. 1946 [see L 3]. 1973 J. Leasor Host of Extras ix. 179 My heart was pounding like an old side-valve engine on a long hill when the ignition's too retarded. |
| 1857 M. F. Maury in Corbin Life (1888) 135 She was a *side-wheel steamer. |
| 1884 Harper's Mag. Mar. 514/1 Such boats as they are!—*side-wheelers and stern-wheelers. 1911 Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide 277 Redfern, side-wheeler, with Flowers, McFarlin and Reis with the other end up, made the pitching department a clever one. 1926 Amer. Speech I. 369/2 [Baseball] They are ‘south-paws’ or ‘port-siders’ or ‘side-wheelers’ when they are left-handed. 1936 Literary Digest 1 Aug. 35/2 Pacers have a rolling, lunging movement that has earned them the nickname of ‘wigglers’ or ‘side-wheelers’. Left front and left rear legs come up together, followed by a counterbalancing lunge to the right. 1948 Times Digest (Richmond, Va.) 15 Mar. 17/4 The lanky Cincinnati Reds' sidewheeler has added a new pitch to his repertoire. 1953 Sun (Baltimore) 10 Aug. b15/2 Mac Hayman [will]..handle the speedy sidewheeler in her three stake engagements at the Ocean Downs Raceway. |
| 1707 E. Settle Siege of Troy iii. 23 The Scene opens and discovers a Grove..over a Tarras Walk, is seen a Beautiful Garden of six *side Wings. 1811 L. Sumbel Mem. Life III. 220 And a fourth, with locks bushed out on his temples, burlesquing the side-wings of your noble head. 1814 Jane Austen Mansf. Park I. xiii. 257 Just a side wing or two run up..and three or four scenes to be let down. 1881 Atlantic Monthly Sept. 402/1 It seems as if certain actors in some preceding comedy of his were standing at the side-wings, and critically watching the progress of the after-piece. |
| 1748 Smollett Rod. Rand. I. 302 A *sidework composed of earth gabions or fascines. 1890 ‘R. Boldrewood’ Col. Reformer (1891) 102, I [never] saw a new arrival that could sit a buck-jumper, even if he only propped straight forward, and didn't do any side-work. |
▸
side-blown adj. † (a) (of an egg) hollowed out by blowing through one of a pair of holes made in opposite sides (
obs.);
(b) Music designating a flute or other wind instrument played by blowing into an aperture along the side, near the upper end;
cf. end-blown adj. (b) at
end n. Additions
| 1889 Science Nov. 342/2, I have forty varieties of birds' eggs, *side blown, first class in sets, with full data. 1896 Proc. Musical Assoc. Feb. 104 (note) Well executed drawings of the side-blown flute. 2006 Guardian 13 Apr. i. 25/4 A siwa, or side-blown horn, carved from ivory in the 17th century by the coastal Swahili people. |
▸
side impact n. (a) a collision between motor vehicles in which one vehicle hits the side of another;
(b) attrib., designating such a collision; (also) designating measures incorporated into the design of a vehicle intended to protect occupants against the effects of such a collision.
| 1962R. A. Wolf in Impact Acceleration Stress 50 The number of passengers for front-impact accidents is 12,252, while those for side-impact accidents are 3,345. 1962R. A. Wolf in Impact Acceleration Stress 52 Some side impacts..cause so much buckling and deformation of the frame..that the best locks cannot hold. 1980 Washington Post (Nexis) 31 Dec. a1 The only other safety features that added more than $10 to the wholesale cost of cars..are crash-resistant bumpers, $54; three-point seatbelts and retractors, $37, and side impact beams, $24. 1989 Car & Driver Oct. 34/1 Swedish researchers have found that side-impacts are second only to head-ons in causing injuries. 1998 Daily Tel. (Electronic ed.) 29 May Their side-impact protection was not enough to prevent possible chest injury to the driver. |
▸
side-necked turtle n. (also
side-neck turtle) any of several freshwater turtles constituting the suborder
Pleurodira, characterized by long necks that fold sideways (rather than retracting backwards) under the shell for concealment.
| 1937 R. Hesse Ecol. Animal Geogr. 109 Direct connections between the southern continents are accordingly not required to explain the present distribution of the *side-necked turtles. 1996S. D. Cooper in T. R. McClanahan & T. P. Young E. Afr. Ecosystems vi. 157 Among reptiles, omnivorous turtles, such as the side-necked turtle, and predatory crocodilians are common inhabitants of river and floodplain habitats. 2001 Sunday Tel. (Nexis) 15 July o2 Wildlife possibilities are exceptional, with sightings of woolly monkeys, giant otters,..macaws and side neck turtles. |
▸
side-stream n. a stream of smoke emitted by a cigarette, etc., that is not directly inhaled by the smoker;
cf. sidestream smoke n. at Additions
| 1945 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 31 390 The innocent bystander receives the sidestream rich in ammonia and other alkaline substances quite irritating to the eye and nasal passages. 1996 Med. Post (Nexis) 12 Mar. 60 Passive smoke—which includes sidestreams from burning cigarettes and exhaled mainstream smoke—has been associated with respiratory illness and asthma in children. |
▸
sidestream smoke n. smoke emitted by a cigarette, etc., that is not directly inhaled by the smoker;
cf. mainstream smoke at
mainstream adj. 1.
| 1958 Science 28 Nov. 1345/3 The same polycyclic fraction was obtained from this solution and from the main- and *sidestream smoke by the methods used with the previous samples. 1998 Pipes & Tobaccos Summer 44/1 I've been smoking this in a full-bent pipe and the sidestream smoke can really tickle the nostrils as it drifts around. |
▪ II. side, n.2 slang. (
saɪd)
[Of doubtful origin; perhaps identical with prec. (? in sense 14 d), but cf. side a. 4.] Pretentiousness, swagger, conceit. Freq. in
phr. to put on side, to give oneself airs.
| 1878 Hatton Cruel London viii. ii, Cool, downy cove, who puts side on. 1880 Payn Confid. Agent xi, The Captain sauntered up the Mews, with a good deal of ‘side on’, which became a positive swagger as he emerged into the more fashionable street. 1882 Standard 29 Sept. 5/2 With..all our ‘offishness’, or ‘side’, as they call it, we and our cousins in the Far South get along amazingly well. 1896 J. Hocking Fields of Fair Renown xii. 128 They seem to have no side; they are all as jolly as may be. |
▪ III. side Sc. f. scythe;
obs. f. seed n.;
var. sithe (time).
▪ IV. side, a. Now
Sc. and
north. dial. (
saɪd)
Forms: 1–3, 5
sid, 4–6
syd, 4–9
syde, 5
syyd,
cyyd(e, 4–
side.
[OE. s{iacu}d, = ON. s{iacu}ðr, MSw. siþer, sidher (Norw., Sw., Da. sid); also MDu. side, zide low, MFlem. sijt (rare) extensive. ON. s{iacu}ðr is recorded only in sense 3, but MSw.
siþer and
Norw. sid have also the
MDu. sense of ‘low, low-lying’.]
† 1. Large, ample, spacious, extensive.
Obs.| Beowulf 437 Þæt ic sweord bere oþðe sidne scyld. a 1000 Andreas 762 æfter þyssum wordum weorud hlosnode ᵹeond þæt side sel. 1340–70 Alex. & Dind. 481 Þe side se we mow sen set vp-on erþe. c 1400 Destr. Troy 7570 Oure pepull to sle, Oure Citie to sese and oure side londes. Ibid. 7670 Saght þai the sure prinse thurgh the syde batell. |
† b. Far-off, distant; going far.
Obs. rare.
| 1399 Langl. Rich. Redeles iv. 28 [They] lete write writtis all in wex closid,..And sente side sondis to schreuys aboute. c 1400 Destr. Troy 1513 His towne was takon..; His Suster sesyd and soght into syde londis. |
2. Extending lengthways; long. Chiefly in
phr. wide and side (
cf. side adv.1 1).
| a 1000 Cædmon's Gen. 1655 Ᵹesetton þa Sennar sidne & widne leoda ræswan leofum mannum. c 1200 Ormin 9174 And ta wass Romess kinedom Full wid & sid onn eorþe. 13.. Sir Beues 818 Þe bor so loude cride, Out of þe forest wide and side. c 1330 R. Brunne Chron. Wace (Rolls) 7503 Namore lond, wyd ne syd, Þan y may sprede a boles hyd. c 1440 Pallad. on Husb. iii. 1052 Chese a boor Gret bodied, side & wide, ek rather rounde Then longe. 1583 [see sideness]. 1591 Sylvester Du Bartas i. ii. 175 Their forms do vanish, but their bodies bide; Now thick, now thin, now round, now short, now side. 1876 Whitehead Daft Davie 190 A street so ‘syde-and-wyde’ that there was elbow-room for everyone in Boulder in it. 1894 Heslop Northumbld. Gloss. s.v., Aa'll tyek some o' this check; say, a yard side. |
| transf. 1399 Langl. Rich. Redeles iii. 170 If I sothe shall saie, and shonne side tales. |
† b. Of a house-roof: High or steep.
Obs.| c 1440 [implied in sideness]. 1674 Ray N.C. Words 41. 1788 W. H. Marshall Yorksh. II. 351 Side, long, deep; spoken of a roof. |
3. Reaching or hanging far down on the person; long:
a. Of garments, sleeves, etc.
† side-robe (1658),
= long robe. (See also
side-coat.)
| Beowulf 1444 Scolde here-byrne, hondum ᵹebroden, sid ond searo-fah, sund cunnian. c 1000 ælfric in Thorpe Laws II. 370 Iohannes..ᵹeseah urne Drihten mid alban ᵹescridne, and seo wæs sid niðer oð ða andcleowa. a 1310 in Wright Lyric P. x. 37 Betere is were thunne boute laste, then syde robes ant synke into synne. 1382 Wyclif Gen. xxxvii. 23 As he cam to his britheren, thei nakiden hym the side coote to the hele. a 1400–50 Alexander 1925 Þat I may..A side slauyn him sewe & send him to his modire. 1459 Paston Lett. I. 475 First, a goune of clothe of golde, with side slevis, sirples wise. 1523 Fitzherb. Husb. §151 Theyr cotes be so syde, that they be fayne to tucke them vp whan they ryde. 1545 Bale Image Both Ch. i. C v b, I sawe hym clothed wyth a syde lynnen garment doune to the grounde. 1615 G. Sandys Trav. 109 Some of the yonger sort..weare side coates of linnen..girt to their wasts. 1658 F. Osborne Tradit., Mem. Q. Eliz. 25 It abated the price of his opposers, the most of whom belonged to the side-robe. 1753 Stewart's Trial App. 20 Allan was..dressed in a blue side coat, a red vest, and feathered hat. 1781 J. Hutton Tour to Caves (ed. 2) Gloss. 95 Side, long, as garments are when too big. a 1878 Ainslie Land of Burns (1892) 339 My gude grey plaid, baith syde an' wide, I airtit to the wun'. 1886 S.W. Lincs. Gloss., Side, long: usually applied to a coat, as ‘Side coat’, for Great coat. |
| absol. a 1272 Luue Ron 47 in O.E. Misc. 94 An ende, ne werie mon so syde, he schal to-dreosen so lef on bouh. c 1340 Hampole Pr. Consc. 1534 Now wers men short and now syde. |
b. Of the beard, hair, etc.
| c 1290 S. Eng. Leg. I. 368 His berd is long and sid i-nouȝ. a 1300 Cursor M. 8079 Lang and side þair brues wern, And hinged all a-bout þair hern. c 1375 Sc. Leg. Saints ix. (Bartholomew) 218 Þare-with a syd berd it had. c 1400 Mandeville (Roxb.) xxii. 100 In anoþer ile er folk whas eres er so syde þat þai hing doune to þe kneesse. c 1500 H. Medwall Nature 756 (Brandl), I loue yt well to haue syde here. 1596 Dalrymple tr. Leslie's Hist. Scot. I. 29 Oxne and bules snawquhyte with a mane thick and syde. 1600 Holland Livy xliv. xix. 1182 The haire of their head long, their beards side and overgrowne. 1616 Surfl. & Markh. Country Farme vii. xxii. 679 He hath a round thicke head, a short nose,..broad and sydelips. |
c. Narrow, strait, clinging.
| a 1825 Forby Voc. E. Anglia 300 In modern usage..we..use the word in the sense of strait. ‘This sleeve is too side, it must be let out.’ |
4. a. Haughty, proud.
| 1508 [implied in side adv.1 3]. 1674 Ray N.C. Words 41. 1695 Kennett Par. Antiq. s.v. Sidelinge, A side woman. 1888 Sheffield Gloss. s.v., I met Mrs. ― in the town, and she was very side. |
b. Sc. Severe or hard
on or
upon one.
| 1825 in Jamieson. 1895 Roy Horseman's Word iii, Hout, tout, Tam!..you're just some syde on Geordie. |
5. Comb., as
side-bellied,
† side-fathomed,
† side-faxed,
side-haired,
side-lipped,
side-tailed,
side-waisted.
| Beowulf 302 Sidfæþmed scip, on ancre fæst. c 1000 ælfric Saints' Lives xix. 221 Þa ᵹefeng hine an treow be ðam fexe sona, forðan þe he wæs sidfæxede. 14.. Tundale's Vis. 869 His mouthe was wyde, he was syde lyppud. 1523 Fitzherb. Husb. §77 The fourthe [property of a fox is] to be syde-tayled. 1576 Turberv. Venerie 18 When the bytches are lyned, and that they beginne to be sydebellyed. Ibid. 50 Of the browne Hartes there be some great, long, and side haired. 1599 Nashe Lenten Stuff Wks. (Grosart) V. 227 Of a bounzing side-wasted parish in Lancashire, we haue a flying voyce dispersed. 1631 Weever Anc. Funeral Mon. 180 Like our side-wasted Parishes in Lancashire, whose extensure is so large [etc.]. 1822 Ainslie Land of Burns 190 He wore an old light blue, side-tailed coat. |
▪ V. † side, adv.1 Obs. Also 3
sid, 4
syd, 6
syde.
[OE. s{iacu}de (f. s{iacu}d side a.), = MDu. side (Du. zijd, Fris. syd), MLG. sîde. The usual
Eng. phrase
wide and side corresponds to
MDu. wide en side (
Du. wijd en zijd,
Fris. wiid en syd),
MLG. wîde unde sîde,
wît unde sît; also MSw.
siit oc wiit.]
1. To a great distance or length; far. Chiefly in
wide and side, far and wide.
| a 900 Cynewulf Elene 277 Heht ða ᵹebeodan..side & wide ᵹeond Iudeas [etc.]. a 1121 O.E. Chron. (Laud MS.) an. 959, He..Godes lof rærde, wide & side. c 1200 Ormin 10258 Sannt Johaness word Sprang wide & side o lande. c 1275 Lay. 4961 Wide and side he somnede ferde. 13.. Cursor M. 1646 (Gött.), Couaytise, lechuri, and pride, Has spred þis world lang and side. c 1330 Arth. & Merl. 200 (Kölbing), Y..wered ȝou wiþ mi power, Wide & side, fer & ner. 1621 Bp. R. Montagu Diatribæ 490 For the Grecian Colonies were diffused farre and neere, wide and side. |
2. Low down; towards or on the ground.
| 1297 R. Glouc. (Rolls) 2513 Þis maide out of chambre com.., side drou hire tail. 1377 Langl. P. Pl. B. v. 193 As a letheren purs lolled his chekes, Wel sydder þan his chyn þei chiueled for elde. 14.. in Tundale's Vis., etc. (1843) 152 Her tongis honged owt full syde. c 1538 Lyndesay Minor Poems 575, I think it is ane verray scorne That euery Lady of the land Suld haue hir taill so syde trailland! |
3. Proudly, boastfully. (
Cf. side a. 4 a.)
| 1508 Dunbar Twa Mariit Wemen 196 God wait quhat I think quhen he so thra spekis: And how it settis him so syde to sege of sic materis. |
▪ VI. side, adv.2 [f. side n.1, by ellipse of prep.] † 1. To one side
of a place.
Obs.—1| 1650 Fuller Pisgah ii. xiii, A good way side of Jerusalem lies a melancholy Bay. |
2. Comb. with
pres. or past
pples., denoting ‘by, from, or to the side’, as
side-flowing,
side-hanging,
side-lying;
side-bended,
side-cast,
side-seen.
| 1382 Wyclif Isaiah xliv. 4 Buriowne thei shuln among erbes..bisyde the syde flowende watris [L. præterfluentes aquas]. 1592 R. D. Hypnerotomachia (1890) 5 b, A rare Obelisk..the heigth whereof..did exceed the toppes of the sidelying mountaynes. 1601–2 Daniel Civ. Wars vii. xliv, The cast of her side-bended eye, did showe Both sorrow and reproofe. 1608 Sylvester Du Bartas ii. iv. iv. Decay 639 Even as a Winde..Bears down the Trees in a side⁓hanging Wood. 1807 J. Barlow Columb. v. 275 As on a side-seen storm..The flames fork round the semivault of heaven. 1891 Meredith One of our Conq. II. i. 1 The head deferentially sidecast. |
▪ VII. side, v.1 (
saɪd)
[f. side n.1 Cf. MDu. siden, ziden to set aside, go aside, obs. G. seiten (syten), to stand aside.] I. trans. † 1. To cut or carve (a pig or haddock) into sides.
Obs.| c 1470 Hors, Shepe & G. (Roxb.) 33 A Pigge heded & syded, a lambe & kyde shuldred. 1486 Bk. St. Albans F vij b, An Haddoke sided. 1508 Bk. Keruynge in Babees Bk. 267 Syde that haddocke. [1854 Badham Prose Halieut. 343 The reader will remember, when he puts the slice into a fish, that he gobbets trout..and sides haddocks.] |
2. a. To have (one) on that side.
rare—1.
| 1590 Spenser F.Q. iii. ix. 27 His blind eye, that syded Paridell, All his demeasnure from his sight did hyde. |
b. To come by the side of.
rare—1.
| 1600 Fairfax Tasso xix. lxxvii, He sided there a lustie louely las, And with some courtly tearmes the wench he bords. |
c. To walk or stand by the side of; to be side by side with (a person, etc.).
| 1613 Chapman Masque Middle Temple & Lincoln's Inn A 2 b, Euery one of these horse, had two Moores,..that for state sided them. 1631 Massinger Emperor East iv. iii, Do you hold it, now, As a disparagement, that I side you, lady? 1821 Lamb Elia i. Old Benchers Inner T., The terrace is, indeed, left... The old benchers had it almost sacred to themselves... They might not be sided or jostled. 1896 Archæol. Jrnl. LIII. 41 The monoliths siding this shrine were pulled down. |
d. fig. To rival, equal, match.
| 1603 B. Jonson Sejanus iv. v, Whom he..Hath rais'd from excrement to side the gods. 1668 Clarendon Life (1759) I. 53 He had sure read more..than any Man I ever knew, my Lord Falkland only excepted, who I think sided him. |
3. To support or countenance (one).
Obs.| 1591 Lambarde Archeion (1635) 172 The Offenders..were belike so brested, sided, and backed with a many friends, tenants, and followers. 1607 Shakes. Cor. i. i. 197 [They] side factions, & giue out Coniecturall Marriages, making parties strong [etc.]. 1618 Fletcher Chances i. ii, Let it raise wild-fires,..Yet I must through, if ye dare side me. |
4. refl. To take a side or party. (
Cf. 11.)
| 1591 Savile Tacitus, Hist. ii. xiv. 60 The prouince of Narbon, which had sided itselfe and sworne to Vitellius. 1625 Bacon Ess., On Faction (Arb.) 83 Kings had need beware, how they Side themselues, and make themselues as of a Faction or Partie. 1901 Univ. & Ludg. Mag. July 296 They side themselves with the light blue or the dark blue, just as their friends belong to a particular university. |
5. To assign to one of two sides or parties.
| c 1600 Shakes. Sonn. xlvi, To side this title is impannelled A quest of thoughts, all tennants to the heart. |
6. dial. To put in order, arrange; to clear or tidy up. Freq.
to side up.
| 1825– in northern dialect glossaries. 1847 Mrs. Carlyle Lett. I. 394, I have plenty to employ me, in siding drawers. 1874 Waugh Chimney Corner (1879) 36 Here, Sally; help me to side this table. |
| absol. 1842 R. Oastler Fleet Papers II. 410 It will be left for me to clean, and ‘side’, and ‘make all right again’. |
b. To put aside, remove; to clear
away.
| 1848 Mrs. Gaskell Mary Barton x, Mrs. Wilson was ‘siding’ the dinner things. 1853 ― Ruth ii, Whenever things are mislaid, I know it has been Miss Hilton's evening for siding away! 1894 Hall Caine Manxman vi. xiv, Now side everything away. The medicines too, put them in the cupboard. |
7. Naut. To draw (a rope)
over or
out.
| 1834 Marryat P. Simple (1863) 41 ‘Ease off the larboard hawser, Mr. Jenkins, if you please.’—‘Side her over, gentlemen, side her over.’ 1867 Smyth Sailor's Word-bk. 624 Side out for a bend,.. to draw the bight of a hempen cable towards the opposite side. |
8. To make of certain dimensions on the side; to square the sides of (timber).
| 1794 Rigging & Seamanship 15 Heel-Pieces are sided to the same size as the side-trees. 1797 Encycl. Brit. (ed. 3) XVII. 402/2 The breast hook should also be..sided ninetenths of the beams of the lower deck. 1826 Hawkins The Oak 15 The operation of ‘siding’ or squaring the tree. c 1850 Rudim. Navig. (Weale) 95 They are sided larger than the rest. |
9. To furnish (a structure) with sides.
| 1868 Rep. U.S. Comm. Agric. (1869) 366 Not a doubt exists of the economy of siding and roofing wooden bridges. |
II. intr. † 10. With
it. To enter into rivalry.
| a 1635 Naunton Fragm. Reg. (Arb.) 27 He soon got honour, and no sooner there, but he began to side it with the best, even with the Protector. |
11. To take a side; to join or form sides or parties. (
Cf. 4.)
| 1607 Shakes. Cor. iv. ii. 2 The Nobility are vexed, whom we see haue sided In his behalfe. a 1658 Cleveland Rustick Rampant (1687) 450 Many of these unhappy Men were awed to side, without either Malice to his Person or Power. 1712–14 Pope Rape Lock v. 39 All side in parties, and begin th' attack. a 1738 Swift (J.), The equitable part of those who now side against the court, will probably be more temperate. 1887 Pall Mall G. 31 Oct. 2/1 Children..differ so much from one another, and ‘side’ so unexpectedly, that [etc.]. |
b. Const.
with. (The more frequent use.)
| 1600 Holland Livy xxix. vi. 713 The citie of Locri,..in the generall revolt of all Italie, had sided also with the Carthaginians. 1647 N. Bacon Disc. Govt. Eng. i. lxv. (1739) 138 In case the King would not concur, the people generally sided with the Lords. 1712 Hearne Collect. (O.H.S.) III. 368, I was afraid otherwise that Dr. H. would have accidentally..sided with Mr. Oddy. 1766 Fordyce Serm. Yng. Wom. (1767) I. i. 32 The partial world is ready to side with them. 1849 Macaulay Hist. Eng. v. I. 556 Again he encountered a pertinacious opposition. The seamen sided with Hume and Cochrane. 1875 Jowett Plato (ed. 2) IV. 231 There are few modern readers who do not side with Protagoras, rather than with Socrates. |
| transf. 1667 Milton P.L. ii. 905 Levied to side with warring Winds, and poise Thir lighter wings. |
12. To move or turn sideways. Also
fig.| 1668 G. Etherege She wou'd if she cou'd v. i, We'll foot it, and side, my pretty little miss. 1841 Catlin N. Amer. Ind. (1844) I. xiv. 106 Gradually siding up to the lodge. 1879 Expositor IX. 117 In living English there is a tendency to let the word ‘holy’ side off and appropriate itself to the designation of right moral character. |
b. Mining. (See
quot.)
| 1851 Greenwell Coal-trade Terms, Northumb. & Durh. 47 Side over, to drive headways course across a pillar of coal, in working the broken. |
13. To keep alongside; to abut
on at one side.
| a 1641 Sir J. Finett For. Ambass. (1656) 16 The Savoyard getting the start and siding allwayes close to the Spanish Ambassador. a 1647 Habington Surv. Worc. (Worcs. Hist. Soc.) II. 201 A plentifull vale..sydinge on Bredon hyll. |
14. To measure (so much) on the side.
| 1891 Cent. Dict. s.v., It sides 14 inches. |
▪ VIII. side, v.2 slang (now
rare).
[f. side n.2] intr. To be conceited or boastful; to ‘put on side’. Also with
about.
| 1906 R. Brooke Let. 4 June (1968) 54 This school-life..calls to me... I play my part with zest, alternately ‘siding’ and ragging. 1909 Wodehouse Mike v. 26 There's just a chance you might try to side about a bit soon. |