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phthalic
phthalic, a. Chem. (ˈfθælɪk) [Abbreviated from naphthalic.] Of, pertaining to, or obtained from naphthalene, as phthalic anhydride, etc. phthalic acid, a white crystalline compound (C8H6O4) produced by the action of nitric acid on naphthalene, alizarin, purpurin, etc.; also called alizaric acid. pht...
Oxford English Dictionary
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Phthalic acid
Although phthalic acid is of modest commercial importance, the closely related derivative phthalic anhydride is a commodity chemical produced on a large Production
Phthalic acid is produced by the catalytic oxidation of naphthalene or ortho-xylene directly to phthalic anhydride and a subsequent hydrolysis
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Phthalic anhydride
Phthalic anhydride is the organic compound with the formula C6H4(CO)2O. It is the anhydride of phthalic acid. Phthalic acid is however easily dehydrated to form phthalic anhydride. Above 180 °C, phthalic anhydride re-forms.
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Phthalyl amidase
In enzymology, a phthalyl amidase () is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
a phthalylamide + H2O phthalic acid + a substituted amine
Thus , the two substrates of this enzyme are phthalylamide and H2O, whereas its two products are phthalic acid and substituted amine.
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1,4-Dihydroxyanthraquinone
Production
Quinizarin is produced by the reaction of phthalic anhydride and 4-chlorophenol followed by hydrolysis of the chloride:
It can also be prepared less efficiently from phthalic anhydride and hydroquinone.
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Isophthalic acid
This colorless solid is an isomer of phthalic acid and terephthalic acid. The barium salt, as its hexahydrate, is very soluble in water (a distinction between phthalic and terephthalic acids).
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4-Chlorophthalic anhydride
Production
It can be produced by chlorination of phthalic anhydride. References
Chlorination of phthalic anhydride http://www.freepatentsonline.com/4297283.html
Chloroarenes
Phthalic anhydrides
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3-Chlorophthalic anhydride
It is an isomer of 4-chlorophthalic anhydride and a derivative of phthalic anhydride. also
4-Chlorophthalic anhydride
References
Preparation of 3-chlorophthalic anhydride http://www.freepatentsonline.com/5683553.html
Chloroarenes
Phthalic
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Polyvinyl acetate phthalate
It is a vinyl acetate polymer that is partially hydrolyzed and then esterified with phthalic acid.
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Diethyl phthalate
Synthesis and applications
Diethyl phthalate is produced by the reaction of ethanol with phthalic anhydride, in the presence of a strong acid catalyst: Biodegradation of DEP in soil occurs by sequential hydrolysis of the two diethyl chains of the phthalate to produce monoethyl phthalate, followed by phthalic
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Dibutyl phthalate
Production and use
DBP is produced by the reaction of n-butanol with phthalic anhydride. Degradation
Hydrolysis of DBP leads to phthalic acid and 1-butanol. Monobutyl phthalate (MBP) is its major metabolite.
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2-Ethylanthraquinone
Production
2-Ethylanthraquinone is prepared from the reaction of phthalic anhydride and ethylbenzene:
C6H4(CO)2O + C6H5Et → C6H4(CO)2C6H3Et + H2O Both phthalic anhydride and ethylbenzene are readily available, being otherwise used in the large-scale production of plastics.
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4-Chlorophenol
It is a classic precursor, upon reaction with phthalic anhydride, to quinizarin. The commercial dye quinizarin is produced by the reaction of phthalic anhydride and 4-chlorophenol followed by hydrolysis of the chloride.
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