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isomorphous
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isomorphous
isomorphous, a. (aɪsəʊˈmɔːfəs) [f. as isomorph + -ous.] 1. Chem. and Min. Having the property of crystallizing in the same or closely related geometric forms: said esp. of two compounds or groups of compounds of different elements, but of analogous composition (cf. homœomorphous).1828 in Webster cit...
Oxford English Dictionary
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Isomorphism (crystallography)
Isomorphous compounds give rise to isomorphous crystals and form solid solutions. Many spinels are also isomorphous.
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Isostructural
"Isomorphous" when used in the relation to crystal structures is not synonymous: in addition to the same atomic connectivity that characterises isostructural compounds, isomorphous substances crystallise in the same space group and have the same unit cell dimensions.
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allomerous
allomerous, a. (æˈlɒmərəs) [f. as prec. + -ous.] Liable to variation in constituent elements or as to the proportion in which these are present, without change in crystalline form. Allomerous is (to some extent) the correlative of isomorphous; hornblende, tremolite, and edenite are isomorphous miner...
Oxford English Dictionary
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Multiple isomorphous replacement
Development
Single Isomorphous Replacement (SIR)
Early demonstrations of isomorphous replacement in crystallography come from James M. Because the alum crystals were largely isomorphous when the heavy atoms were changed out, they could be phased by isomorphous replacement.
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Sodium arsenate
The compound can be obtained by neutralizing arsenic acid:
H3AsO4 + 3 NaOH → Na3AsO4 + 3 H2O
The salt (as its dodecahydrate) is isomorphous with trisodium
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Osmium tetrabromide
It is isomorphous with platinum tetrabromide and technetium tetrachloride. As such, osmium is in octahedral coordination.
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Gallium acetylacetonate
The molecule has D3 symmetry, being isomorphous with other octahedral tris(acetylacetonate)s.
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Potassium hexacyanochromate(III)
It is isomorphous with potassium ferricyanide.
Synthesis and reactions
The salt is prepared by treating chromium(III) salts with KCN.
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Promethium(III) hydroxide
By heating with water, it can be forced to crystallize, giving hexagonal crystals isomorphous with other rare earth hydroxides:
Pm3+ + 3OH− → Pm(OH)3↓
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Vanadium(II) sulfate
The salt is isomorphous with [Mg(H2O)6]SO4. The salt is isomorphous with ferrous sulfate heptahydrate.
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Aluminium acetylacetonate
The molecule has D3 symmetry, being isomorphous with other octahedral tris(acetylacetonate)s.
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Magnesium polonide
It is unusual among polonides in not being isomorphous with the corresponding sulfide, selenide and telluride; only mercury polonide (HgPo) shares this
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Vanadium carbide
Structure and preparation
Being isomorphous with vanadium monoxide, it crystallizes in the rock salt structure.
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