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ionosphere
ionosphere (aɪˈɒnəsfɪə(r)) [f. iono- + -sphere.] A region of the outer atmosphere, beginning at a height of 50–80 km. (30–50 miles), which contains many ions and free electrons and is capable of reflecting radio waves; also, a corresponding region above other planets.1926 R. Watson-Watt Let. 8 Nov. ...
Oxford English Dictionary
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Ionosphere - Wikipedia
The ionosphere (/ aɪ ˈ ɒ n ə ˌ s f ɪər /) is the ionized part of the upper atmosphere of Earth, from about 48 km (30 mi) to 965 km (600 mi) above sea level, a region that includes the thermosphere and parts of the mesosphere and exosphere.The ionosphere is ionized by solar radiation.It plays an important role in atmospheric electricity and forms the inner edge of the magnetosphere.
en.wikipedia.org
10 Things to Know About the Ionosphere - NASA Science
NASA. 1. It's home to all the charged particles in Earth's atmosphere. Earth's ionosphere overlaps the top of the atmosphere and the very beginning of space. The Sun cooks gases there until they lose an electron or two, which creates a sea of electrically charged particles. NASA's Scientific Visualization Studio. 2.
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ionosphere
ionosphere/aɪˈɔnəsfɪə(r); aɪ`ɑnəˌsfɪr/ n[sing]set of layers of the earth's atmosphere that reflect radio waves round the earth 电离层. Cf 参看 Heaviside layer, stratosphere.
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Ionosphere Bay
Ionosphere Bay is a small bay bordering the east side of Cape Découverte, Antarctica. It was charted in 1951 by the French Antarctic Expedition and named by them for the corresponding scientific discipline, the study of the ionosphere.
wikipedia.org
en.wikipedia.org
Ionosphere-Thermosphere Storm Probes
The Ionosphere-Thermosphere Storm Probes (I-TSP) is a NASA mission which will study the ionosphere and the thermosphere. With a Star
Thermosphere
References
External links
More Information on Geospace Missions Page
Living With a Star page
Ionosphere
NASA programs
wikipedia.org
en.wikipedia.org
International Reference Ionosphere
It is the international standard empirical model for the terrestrial ionosphere since 1999. Since 1999, IRI has been the "International Standard" for the terrestrial ionosphere.
wikipedia.org
en.wikipedia.org
Earth–ionosphere waveguide
the ionosphere. Because the ionosphere contains charged particles, it can behave as a conductor.
wikipedia.org
en.wikipedia.org
Microwave Ionosphere Nonlinear Interaction Experiment
The Microwave Ionosphere Nonlinear Interaction Experiment (MINIX) is a sounding rocket experiment launched by Japan on 29 August 1983. Its purpose was to study the effects of Microwave energy in the Ionosphere, and to study high-power microwave technology for use in a Space-based solar
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en.wikipedia.org
الأيونوسفير المرجعي الدولي
الأيونوسفير المرجعي الدولي (بالإنجليزية:International Reference Ionosphere) هو مشروع علمي دائم مشترك من لجنة أبحاث الفضاء والاتحاد الدولي لعلوم الراديو
wikipedia.org
ar.wikipedia.org
Dynamic Ionosphere CubeSat Experiment
The Dynamic Ionosphere CubeSat Experiment (DICE) is a scientific mission consisting of two Miniaturized Satellites DICE-1 and DICE-2 flying in formation References
External links
Space Dynamics Laboratory Small Satellites
CubeSats
Ionosphere
wikipedia.org
en.wikipedia.org
Observatory for Heteroscale Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Coupling
The Observatory for Heteroscale Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Coupling (OHMIC) is a mission concept proposed in 2011 to NASA's Explorers program consisting References
Explorers Program
Ionosphere
Proposed spacecraft
wikipedia.org
en.wikipedia.org
Electrojet
See also
Magnetohydrodynamics
Kennelly–Heaviside layer
Ionosphere
"The Earth's Ionosphere: Plasma Physics and Electrodynamics," by Michael Kelley, Ionosphere
wikipedia.org
en.wikipedia.org
Ionospheric pierce point
Here R is the mean Earth radius, H is the mean height of the ionosphere shell.]] External links
"Sources of Errors in GPS"
Global Positioning System
Ionosphere
wikipedia.org
en.wikipedia.org
Ionospheric absorption
The solar wind and radiation cause the ionosphere to become charged with electrons in the first place. See also
Radio horizon
Sudden Ionospheric Disturbance
Resources
Ionosphere
Radio frequency propagation
wikipedia.org
en.wikipedia.org