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hypaxial

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hypaxial
hypaxial, a. Comp. Anat. (hɪˈpæksɪəl, haɪp-) [f. hypo- 2 + axi-s + -al1; cf. axial.] Lying beneath, or on the ventral side of, the vertebral axis.1872 Mivart Elem. Anat. 221 Hypaxial processes may also be developed beneath vertebræ to which complete paraxial arches are annexed..in the thoracic regio... Oxford English Dictionary
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Epaxial and hypaxial muscles
Hypaxial muscles include some vertebral muscles, the diaphragm, the abdominal muscles, and all limb muscles. Hypaxial and epaxial muscles develop directly from somitic cells. wikipedia.org
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Iliocostalis
Iliocostalis muscle is the muscle immediately lateral to the longissimus that is the nearest to the furrow that separates the epaxial muscles from the hypaxial wikipedia.org
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Epipubic bone
Trichosurus mimicked placentals in shifting hypaxial muscles attachment sites from the epipubic to the pelvis, losing the respiratory benefits (see below wikipedia.org
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Gymnotus choco
It notably counts with a single hypaxial electric organ, extending along the entire ventral margin of the fish's body. wikipedia.org
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Argentiniformes
The hypaxial muscle is unusually extended to forward at its upper end and attaches to the neurocranium below the spine, perhaps to snap the upper part wikipedia.org
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Myogenesis
The SIX1 gene plays a critical role in hypaxial muscle differentiation in myogenesis. In mice lacking this gene, severe muscle hypoplasia affected most of the body muscles, specifically hypaxial muscles. wikipedia.org
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Myomere
Depending on the species, myomeres could be arranged in an epaxial or hypaxial manner. Hypaxial refers to ventral muscles and related structures while epaxial refers to more dorsal muscles. wikipedia.org
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Phalangeridae
The exception is Trichosurus, which remarkably among marsupials has shifted the hypaxial muscles from the epipubic to the pelvis, employing a more placental-like wikipedia.org
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Brushtail possum
Unique among marsupials, they have shifted the hypaxial muscles from the epipubic to the pelvis, much like in placental muscles, meaning that their breathing wikipedia.org
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Somite
Each myotome divides into an epaxial part (epimere), at the back, and a hypaxial part (hypomere) at the front. The myoblasts from the hypaxial division form the muscles of the thoracic and anterior abdominal walls. wikipedia.org
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MYF5
The limb myogenic precursors (derived from the hypaxial myotome) do not begin expressing Myf5 or any MRFs, in fact, until after migration to the limb buds Following that, the chromosome contains different enhancers for regulation of Myf5 expression in the hypaxial region, cranial region, limbs, etc. wikipedia.org
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Undulatory locomotion
Azizi et al. found that longitudinal contractions of the constant volume hypaxial muscles were compensated by an increase in the dorsoventral dimensions Azizi et al. discovered that the initial hypaxial fiber α trajectory in the EO is greater than that of the IO. wikipedia.org
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Rexed laminae
Anterior grey column: VIII–IX Lamina VIII: motor interneurons; Commissural nucleus Lamina IX: hypaxial (body wall muscles), lateral (in limb regions) wikipedia.org
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Mauriciosaurus
On the tail, the small neural spines, haemal arches, and transverse processes suggest the hypaxial muscles of the tail were weak; the preserved cone of wikipedia.org
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