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homolysis
homolysis Chem. (həˈmɒlɪsɪs) [f. homo- + -lysis.] The splitting of a molecule into two neutral atoms or radicals.1938 [see heterolysis 2]. 1966 W. A. Pryor Free Radicals ix. 119 Molecule-induced homolysis is postulated to occur when radicals are formed at an anomalously rapid rate from the interacti...
Oxford English Dictionary
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Homolysis
The term homolysis generally means breakdown (lysis) to equal pieces (homo = same). There are separate meanings for the word in chemistry and biology:
Homolysis (biology), the fact that the dividing cell gives two equal-size daughter
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Homolysis (chemistry)
In chemistry, homolysis () or homolytic fission is the dissociation of a molecular bond by a process where each of the fragments (an atom or molecule) BDE is defined as the "enthalpy (per mole) required to break a given bond of some specific molecular entity by homolysis," symbolized as D.
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heterolysis
heterolysis (hɛtəˈrɒlɪsɪs) [f. hetero- + -lysis.] 1. a. The dissolution of blood cells by a heterolysin. b. The dissolution of cells of one kind by an enzyme of cells of another kind.1902 Vaughan & Novy Cellular Toxins (ed. 4) vii. 129 Ehrlich suggests that the hemolytic action of the blood serum of...
Oxford English Dictionary
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Heterolysis
enzymes from surrounding cells
Heterolysis (chemistry), a chemical bond cleavage of a neutral molecule generating a cation and an anion
See also
Homolysis
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-lysis
-lysis (lɪsɪs) A word-forming element [f. Gr. λύσις a loosening, parting] in many technical terms, primarily denoting decomposition, disintegration, dissolution. 1. In words in which the first element indicates the agent; e.g. (in Chem.) electrolysis (c 1840), hydrogenolysis; (in Biol.) bacteriolysi...
Oxford English Dictionary
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Peroxydisulfate
Polymerization is initiated by the homolysis of the peroxydisulfate:
[O3SO–OSO3]2− 2 [SO4]•−
Moreover, sodium peroxydisulfate can be used for soil and
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Peroxydisulfuric acid
This application exploits the tendency of the peroxydisulfate anion to undergo homolysis to produce radicals.
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Dicumyl peroxide
Upon heating, it breaks down by homolysis of the relatively weak O-O bond.
References
Organic compounds
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Nitroxide-mediated radical polymerization
The utility of this functional group is that under certain conditions, homolysis of the C-O bond can occur, yielding a stable radical in the form of a A more polar solvent lends itself better to C-O homolysis, so polar solvents which cannot bind to a labile nitroxide are the most effective for NMP.
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Barton–McCombie deoxygenation
It is found by theoretical calculations that an O-H homolysis reaction in the borane-water complex is endothermic with an energy similar to that of the homolysis reaction in tributylstannane but much lower than the homolysis reaction of pure water.
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Di-tert-butyl peroxide
Reactions
The peroxide bond undergoes homolysis at temperatures above 100 °C.
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Radical (chemistry)
Radical formation from spin-paired molecules
Homolysis
Homolysis makes two new radicals from a spin-paired molecule by breaking a covalent bond, leaving For weak bonds, homolysis can be induced thermally. Strong bonds require high energy photons or even flames to induce homolysis.
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Mukaiyama hydration
Homolysis generates a carbon centered radical that reacts directly with oxygen and is subsequently trapped by a cobalt(II) species to form the same cobalt-peroxide Metal exchange with the hydrosilane produces a silyl peroxide product and further reduction (via homolysis of the oxygen-oxygen bond) leads to the product
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Triphenylmethyl radical
Preparation and properties
It can be prepared by homolysis of triphenylmethyl chloride 1 by a metal like silver or zinc in benzene or diethyl ether.
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