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clitic
clitic Gram. (ˈklɪtɪk) [f. enclitic a. and n., proclitic a. and n.] An enclitic or proclitic (see quot. 1946). Also attrib.1946 E. A. Nida Morphology vii. 155 Many languages have elements that (1) combine phonologically with words with which they do not form morphological constructions, and (2) do n...
Oxford English Dictionary
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Clitic doubling
In linguistics, clitic doubling, or pronominal reduplication is a phenomenon by which clitic pronouns appear in verb phrases together with the full noun CL:clitic
Grammar
Reduplication
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Clitic-placement in the history of Brazilian Portuguese
by Z Carneiro — ... ig.com.br. Charlotte Galves, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, galvesc@unicamp.br. In private correspondence written by educated and non-educated Brazilian ...
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Anaphoric clitic
A sentence can thus either contain an anaphoric clitic or a full noun phrase carrying out a particular grammatical function, but not both. have a full noun phrase subject, or the clitic sa.
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postclitic
postclitic Linguistics. (pəʊstˈklɪtɪk) [f. post- A. 1 b + clitic.] An unemphatic word stressed as part of the preceding word.1963 Bloomfield & Newmark Linguistic Introd. Hist. Eng. iv. 147 The is a proclitic in NE..and one, as in a bad one or the green one, is a postclitic. 1965 Language XLI. 473 As...
Oxford English Dictionary
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Clitic climbing
In (1b), the clitic has "climbed" to the main or matrix clause and is attached to the matrix verb. Other language families
Austronesian
Tagalog
Clitic climbing is also found in Tagalog.
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Yukulta language
Clitic complex
The clitic complex attaches to the first constituent of every Yukulta sentence that does not "emphasize a permanent, timeless state of affairs For clauses of time and relative clauses, Yukulta uses the clitic -ŋala along with the rest of the clitic complex.
References
Keen, Sandra.
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Kambera language
A clitic is a type of bound morpheme which is syntactically free, but are phonologically bound morphemes. The four main pronominal clitic paradigms are given below.
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Bilinarra language
CLITIC ) = (DUBITATIVE CLITIC)]
Above, DERIV = derivational suffix, NUM = number suffix, ADNOM = adnominal suffix, and CASE = case inflection. The types of clitics included in Bilinarra are discourse clitic, pronominal clitic, and dubative clitic.
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Ligature (grammar)
See also
Albanian morphology#The linking clitic
Ezāfe
Interfix
Miskito grammar#Ligature
Tagalog grammar#Ligature
Linguistic morphology
Grammar
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Cavineña language
(The clitic =ke 'ligature' appears at the end of a relative clause.) (Some of the clitic pronouns in these examples have a formative element /-ke/ after them and some do not.)
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Araki language
The pro-clitic va and the post-clitic di both mark anaphoric relations. va is placed immediately before the noun, and codes for discourse-internal anaphora The verb must be preceded by its subject clitic.
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Albanian morphology
Indefinite linking clitic:
Definite linking clitic:
The adjectives themselves are also declined to agree with the noun in gender and number. Adjectives without the linking clitic
Some adjectives are used without the linking particle.
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Phonological word
It is largely held to be a prosodic domain in which phonological features within the same lexeme may spread from one morph to another, from one clitic to a clitic host, or from one clitic host to a clitic.
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Venetian grammar
The clitic subject pronoun (te, el/ła, i/łe) is used with the 2nd and 3rd person singular, and with the 3rd person plural. (The Piedmontese language also has clitic subject pronouns, but the rules are somewhat different.)
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