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allantoin
allantoin Chem. (əˈlæntəʊɪn) [mod. f. allanto-is + -in chem. form. Cf. Fr. allantoïne.] A crystalline substance, C4N4H603, the nitrogenous constituent of the allantoic fluid.1845 Todd & Bowman Phys. Anat. I. 9 Allantoin, an analogous compound to urea. 1863 Watts Fownes' Chem. (1877) II. 412 Allantoï...
Oxford English Dictionary
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Allantoin racemase
In enzymology, an allantoin racemase ({) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
(S)(+)-allantoin (R)(-)-allantoin
Hence, this enzyme has one substrate, (S)(+)-allantoin, and one product, (R)(-)-allantoin.
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allanturic
allanturic, a. Chem. (ælænˈtjʊərɪk) [f. allant-ois + uric.] Epithet of an organic acid obtained from allantoin or from uric acid.1863 Watts Chem. Dict., Allanturic Acid C3H4N2O3..is a white solid body, slightly acid, deliquescent, nearly insoluble in alcohol. 1879 Syd. Soc. Lex., Allanturic acid, an...
Oxford English Dictionary
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Hydantoin
He obtained it by hydrogenation of allantoin, hence the name. Hydantoin can also be synthesized either by heating allantoin with hydroiodic acid or by "heating bromacetyl urea with alcoholic ammonia".
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Allantoinase
enzyme are (S)-allantoin and H2O, whereas its product is allantoate. The systematic name of this enzyme class is (S)-allantoin amidohydrolase. This enzyme participates in purine metabolism.
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alloxan
alloxan Chem. (æˈlɒksən) [f. allantoin) + oxalic) + -an, ‘so named by Liebig and Wöhler in 1838, because it contains the elements of allantoin and oxalic acid.’ H. E. Roscoe.] An organic compound C4H2N2O4 crystallizing in large efflorescent rectangular prisms; one of the oxidation products of uric a...
Oxford English Dictionary
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Allantoic acid
It is a crystalline acid obtained by hydrolysis of allantoin. In nature, allantoic acid is produced from allantoin by the enzyme allantoinase (encoded by the gene AllB (Uniprot: P77671) in Escherichia coli and other
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uricase
uricase Biochem. (ˈjʊərɪkeɪz) [a. F. uricase (Battelli & Stern 1909, in Compt. Rend. des Séances & Mem. de la Soc. de Biol. LXVI. 412): see uric a. and -ase.] An enzyme which promotes the conversion of uric acid into allantoin and is found in certain insects and most mammals other than primates.1910...
Oxford English Dictionary
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Guaiazulene
It – or its 3-sulfonate – is a component of some skin care products together with other skin soothing compounds such as allantoin.
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Urate oxidase
Without HIU hydrolase and OHCU decarboxylase, HIU will spontaneously decompose into racemic allantoin. This means that instead of producing allantoin as the end product of purine oxidation, the pathway ends with uric acid.
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四氧嘧啶
Alloxan这个词由Allantoin（尿囊素）和Oxalsäure（草酸）合并而来。
合成
最初的四氧嘧啶由硝酸氧化尿酸制得，也可由三氧化铬氧化巴比妥酸制得
。
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Acylurea
Related
Diureides
A diureide is a complex nitrogenous substance regarded as containing two molecules of urea or their radicals, e.g. uric acid or allantoin
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Bacillus fastidiosus
Bacillus fastidiosus is only able to grow in the presence of uric acid, allantoin, or allantoic acid. Metabolism
Bacillus fastidious has the ability to use uricase to degrade uric acid to allantoin, and then use allantoinase to degrade allantoin to allantoate
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Imidazolidinyl urea
align="center"
| Originally reported structure
| Hoeck's revised structure
|}
Synthesis
Imidazolidinyl urea is produced by the chemical reaction of allantoin
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2-oxo-4-hydroxy-4-carboxy-5-ureidoimidazoline decarboxylase
It catalyses the decarboxylation of 2-oxo-4-hydroxy-4-carboxy-5-ureidoimidazoline (OHCU) into S(+)-allantoin. It is the third step of the conversion of uric acid (a purine derivative) to allantoin.
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