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Neptunism

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Neptunism
Neptunism is a superseded scientific theory of geology proposed by Abraham Gottlob Werner (1749–1817) in the late 18th century, who proposed that rocks neptunists) and those favouring a rival theory known as plutonism which gave a significant role to volcanic origins, and which in modified form replaced neptunism wikipedia.org
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Neptunism
Neptunism Geol. (ˈnɛptjuːnɪz(ə)m) [f. Neptune + -ism.] = Neptunianism.1905 A. Geikie Founders of Geol. (ed. 2) viii. 257 Powerful as an advocate for the Vulcanist doctrines in opposition to the prevailing Neptunism of his time, he wrote some excellent monographs on the geology of different parts of ... Oxford English Dictionary
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Plutonism
Due to this, after Werner’s death on 1817, neptunism declined as well, leaving the battle of neptunism and plutonism in a relative stagnation as pro-plutonism Hence, many of his students favoured neptunism over plutonism. wikipedia.org
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Plutonism
Plutonism Geol. (ˈpluːtənɪz(ə)m) Also plutonism. [f. as plutonic + -ism. So F. plutonisme.] The Plutonic theory: see plutonic a. 1 a.1847 in Webster. 1910 Encycl. Brit. XI. 644/2 Wernerianism..rapidly declined in influence, while Plutonism came steadily to the front, where it has ever since remained... Oxford English Dictionary
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Grigory Razumovsky
He was also an advocate of Neptunism. In 1788, he was elected a foreign member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. wikipedia.org
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Robert Jameson
History at the University of Edinburgh for fifty years, developing his predecessor John Walker's concepts based on mineralogy into geological theories of Neptunism During this period he became the first eminent exponent in Britain of the Wernerian geological system, or Neptunism, and the acknowledged leader of the wikipedia.org
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Deep time
developed ideas of geological strata forming from water through chemical processes, which Abraham Gottlob Werner (1749–1817) developed into a theory known as Neptunism wikipedia.org
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Abraham Gottlob Werner
Criticism A principal focus of Neptunism that provoked almost immediate controversy involved the origin of basalt. A second controversy surrounding Neptunism involved the volumetric problems associated with the universal ocean. wikipedia.org
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Facies
geologist Amanz Gressly in 1838 and was part of his significant contribution to the foundations of modern stratigraphy, which replaced the earlier notions of Neptunism wikipedia.org
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Anton Moro
He was one of the leading advocates of plutonism in the early debate that confronted plutonism to neptunism, making him described by some authors as an wikipedia.org
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Gustav Bischof
Bischof was less successful in the interpretations he placed on his results, as he supported theories of Neptunism, later disproved. wikipedia.org
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Johann Karl Wilhelm Voigt
He is best remembered for his dispute with Werner in regards to latter's theory of Neptunism; with Voigt maintaining that basalt was of volcanic origin wikipedia.org
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Glen Tilt
This showed to him that granite formed from cooling of molten rock, contradicting the ideas of Neptunism of that time that theorised that rocks were formed wikipedia.org
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Alexandre Brongniart
During the collaboration, they also found evidences against Abraham Werner's Neptunism. The results triggered Cuvier into creating catastrophism. wikipedia.org
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Henry Wesley Voysey
His ideas on geology were based on Werner, based on Neptunism, that rocks were formed under the oceans. wikipedia.org
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