▪ I. † gane, n. Sc. Obs.
Also 6 gan.
[Perh. related to gane v.]
? An ugly countenance.
| 15.. ? Dunbar Interl. Droichis 164 Vale to me a mekle wyf, A gret ungracious gan. 1500–20 Dunbar Poems lxxv. 56, I luif rycht weill ȝour graceles gane. 1508 ― Flyting 167 Thy gane it garris us think that we mon de. Ibid. 199. 1513 Douglas æneis viii. iv. 180 As to behald his vgly ene tuane, His terrible vissage, and his grysly gane. |
▪ II. † gane, v. Obs.
Forms: α. 1 gánian, 4–6 gane, 5 gayne. β. 3 gonien, 4–5 gone, 5 goon (? gwone).
[OE. gánian = OHG. ġeinôn:—OTeut. *gainôjan; related to the synonymous OE. ᵹ{iacu}nan str. vb. = ON. g{iacu}na, and OE. ᵹinian, ᵹeonian wk. vb. = OHG. ginôn, ginên (MHG. ginen, genen, mod.Ger. gähnen), MDu. genen (in Kilian ghienen), and OSl. zinatĭ, Lith. žinąti. The same root (OAryan *ghei-) without the n suffix, has given rise to vbs. of similar meaning in most of the European branches of the Aryan family: cf. OSl. zijatĭ, Lith. zioti, L. hiāre, hī-scĕre, OHG. gîjên, gîên, also (with w suffix) giwên (MHG. giwen, gewen), Du. geeuwen; the ONorthumbrian giwiᵹa to ask, demand, may correspond to this.
The normal ME. form of OE. gánian would be gane-n in Northern dialects and gone-n in other dialects. This agrees generally with the recorded distribution of the forms, but gane occurs in Chaucer. The relation of this word to the synonymous ME. ȝane, ȝone (see yawn v.) is obscure.]
intr. To open the mouth wide, to gape or yawn.
| α c 1000 Ags. Ps. (Th.) cviii. 1 [cix. 2]Þeah þe me synfulra, inwitfulra, muðas on ganian [L. os apertum est]. a 1100 Gloss. in Wr.-Wülcker 462/26 Oscitantes, ganiende. c 1386 Chaucer Manciple's Prol. 35 See how he ganeth lo this dronken wight As though he wolde swolwe vs anonright. c 1460 J. Russell Bk. Nurture 294 Be not gapynge nor ganynge, ne with þy mouth to powt. 1483 Cath. Angl. 149/2 To Gane (A. Gayne), fatiscere, hiare. 1530 Palsgr. 560/1 He ganeth as he had nat slepte ynoughe. 1570 Levins Manip. 19/7 To Gane, yane, oscitare. |
| β c 1250 Meid Maregrete xliii, Ho sei a foul dragun ine þe hurne glide Berninde ase fur, ant goninde ful wide. 1390 Gower Conf. II. 263 And tho she gan to gaspe and gone, And made signes many one. c 1420 Avow. Arth. xii, He [the boar] began to romy and rowte And gapes and gones. 14.. Tundale's Vis. 1250 To Satanas cast we hym that grymly gwonis [v.r. gronis] He schalle hym swolow all attoonis. c 1460 Towneley Myst. xvii. 47 And all nyght after grankys and goonys On slepe tyll I be broght. |
Hence † ˈganing vbl. n., gaping or yawning.
| c 1000 ælfric Gloss. in Wr.-Wülcker 162/37 Oscitatio, ganung. c 1440 Promp. Parv. 185/2 Ganynge or ȝanynge, oscitatus. 1483 Cath. Angl. 149/2 A Ganynge, hiatus. |
▪ III. gane
var. gone pa. pple. of go.