deprive, v.
(dɪˈpraɪv)
Also 4–6 -pryve, 5 -preve, -priff.
[a. OF. depriver (Godef.), ad. late L. *dēprīvāre (see dēprīvātio in Du Cange), f. de- I. 3 + prīvāre to deprive.]
I. 1. trans. To divest, strip, bereave, dispossess of (formerly † from) a possession. to deprive (a person) of (a thing) = to take it away from him.
| c 1330 R. Brunne Chron. (1810) 255 Depriued þei our Kyng of alle þe tenement of londes of Gascoyn. a 1400–50 Alexander 1469 Þus was Iaudes of ioy and iolite depryued [v.r. depreuett]. 1426 Audelay Poems 24 These preletus of her prevelache thay deprevon. c 1430 Lydg. Bochas (ed. Wayland) 68 b, He was assented to deprive Worthy Anchus from his estate royal. 1548 Hall Chron. I. 17 Kyng Roberte..firste deprived the Erle George of all his dignitees and possessions. 1586 T. B. La Primaud. Fr. Acad. i. 218 Henry the fift by force deprived his father from the empire. 1632 Sanderson Serm. 30 For his obstinate refusall of Conformitie justly deprived from his Benefice in this Diocesse. 1660 Boyle New Exp. Phys. Mech. Concl. 395, I have for diverse Yeares been deprived of His Company. 1782 Priestley Corrupt. Chr. I. i. 83 Arius was deprived of his office, and excommunicated. 1793 E. Parsons Woman as she should be IV. 72 Your uncle..being deprived from managing your business. 1875 Jowett Plato (ed. 2) IV. 283 To deprive life of ideals is to deprive it of all higher and comprehensive aims. |
† b. with two objects, either of which might in the passive become the subject.
Obs. Cf. sense 5, in which the personal object disappears.
| c 1450 tr. De Imitatione iii. xlv, He is depryued very vertues. 1539 Tonstall Serm. Palm Sund. (1823) 45, I wyl curse him and depriue hym his kyngedome. a 1562 in G. Cavendish Wolsey (1893) 240 All is depryved me. 1621 Lady M. Wroth Urania 352 Why was sweet and dainty Philistella depriued mine eyes? 1667 Milton P.L. ix. 857 Thee I have missed, and thought it long, depriv'd Thy presence. 1802 M. Moore Lascelles II. 240 To deprive themselves the pleasure of her company. 1814 Mrs. Jane West Alicia III. 141 My child!.. Even in thy early infancy Deprived my care. |
2. To divest of office; to inflict deprivation upon;
esp. in reference to ecclesiastical offices.
| c 1325 E.E. Allit. P. B. 1738 De-parted is þy pryncipalté, depryued þou worþes, Þy rengne rafte is þe fro. c 1400 Mandeville (1839) iii. 20 The Emperour of Costantynoble maketh the Patriarks..and depryueth hem.. whan he fyndeth ony cause. 1513 More in Grafton Chron. (1568) II. 758 Edward revengyng his fathers death, deprived King Henry, and attayned the Crowne. 1630 R. Johnson's Kingd. & Commw. 561 He [an officer] is sometime deprived, and sometime strangled. 1706 Hearne Collect. 15 Feb., The Bp...depriv'd him for three years. 1827 Hallam Const. Hist. (1876) I. vii. 394 Archbishop Bancroft deprived a considerable number of puritan clergymen. |
| absol. c 1535 Dr. Layton in Lett. on Suppr. Monast. (Camden) 76 Ye shall not deprive or visite but upon substanciall growndes. |
3. To keep (a person) out
of (
† from) what he would otherwise have; to debar
from.
| c 1374 Chaucer Troylus iv. 241 (269) Why wiltow me fro Ioye thus depryve? c 1590 Marlowe Faust. iii. 82 In being depriv'd of Everlasting bliss. 1611 Bible Isa. xxxviii. 10, I am depriued of the residue of my yeeres. 1651 Hobbes Govt. & Soc. x. §2 Subjects..deprived from all possibility to acquire..by their industry, necessaries to sustain the strength of their bodies and minds. 1663 Gerbier Counsel B iv a, A Monster, which deprived also me from a publick imployment, during the space of seaventeen years. 1771 Junius Lett. lxiv. 327 The mode of trial..deprive[s] the subject of all the benefits of a trial by jury. 1884 Lowell in Daily News 7 Oct. 2/7 Is it prudent to deprive whole classes of it [the ballot] any longer? |
† b. absol. Obs. rare—1.
| 1605 Shakes. Lear i. ii. 4 Should I..permit The curiosity of Nations to depriue me. |
† c. Const. with two objects.
Obs.| 1590 Marlowe 2nd Pt. Tamburl. v. iii, My soul doth weep to see Your sweet desires depriv'd my Company. 1671 Milton P.R. iii. 23 Wherefore deprive All Earth her wonder at thy acts? 1694 tr. Milton's Lett. State Sept. 1657, That so signal a prowess and fortitude may never..be deprived the fruit and due applause of all your pious undertakings. |
† 4. To remove (
from) or cut off from access.
Obs.| 1542 Boorde Dyetary viii. (1870) 249 Chambres the whiche be depryued clene from the sonne and open ayre. 1594 Carew Tasso (1881) 42 Emaus is a Citie, which small space Doth from royall Hierusalem depriue. |
† b. To keep off, avert.
Obs. rare—1.
| 1627 Hakewill Apol. (1630) 166 Ale was his meate, his drinke, his cloth, Ale did his death deprive; And, could hee still have drunke his ale, He had beene still alive. |
II. † 5. To take away (a possession); to carry off, remove.
Obs.| c 1325 E.E. Allit. P. B. 185 For..depryue dowrie of wydoez, Man may mysse þe myrþe, þat much is to prayse. c 1430 Lydg. Min. Poems (1840) 63 This blissid name..That, first of alle, our thraldom can deprive. c 1510 Barclay Mirr. Gd. Manners (1570) F iij b, He sodenly striketh with worde, or els knife, And..depriveth name or life. 1593 Shakes. Lucr. 1186 (Globe) 'Tis honour to deprive dishonour'd life. 1605 Stow Annales 1408 His head was seuered from his body by the Axe at three stroakes, but the first deadly, and absolutely depriuing all sense and motion. 1623 Cockeram, Depriue, to take away. 1654 tr. Scudery's Curia Pol. 96 An inheritance, which..fortune or ill events have deprived from them. |