† beˈnim, v. Obs.
Chief forms: inf. 1 beniman, 2–4 binime(n, 4–5 bynymen, 6 benymme, (bynemme) pa. tense 1 benam, 1–5 binam, 2–4 binom, 4–5 by-, benam(e, -naam, -nom. pa. pple. 1 benumen, 2–3 binume(n, 3–5 bi-, benome, -nomin, -nummen, (5 byname, 6 binomed).
[A common Teut. compd. vb.: OE. bi-, be-niman = OHG. bineman, MHG. benemen, mod.G. benehmen, Du. benemen, Goth. biniman, f. bi-, be- + niman, OTeut. *neman to take: see nim v.1 Little used after 1500; exc. in pa. pple. benumen, benum, now benumb, benumbed. See also beneme.]
1. trans. To take away generally.
| a 1000 Metr. Boeth. 271 Þa ær se swearta storm benumen hæfde leafa ᵹehwelces. c 1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 143 Þis woreld hwile gifð wunne . and hwile hit eft binimð. 1297 R. Glouc. 375 Vor he..by nome her lond. 1436 Pol. Poems (1859) II. 159 Allas! oure reule halteth, hit is benome. 1486 Bk. St. Albans B ij b, Hit shall benymme hir grece. |
b. with dat. of possessor (= from).
| a 1000 Cædmon's Gen. (Gr.) 362 He us hæfþ heofonrice benumen. c 1250 Gen. & Ex. 772 Sone him was sarrai binumen. 1382 Wyclif Ecclus. xxviii. 19 And shal bynyme them ther trauailes [1388 hath priued hem of her trauelis]. c 1430 Hymns Virg. (1867) 92 Þis word..binam me al my list. 1493 Festivall (W. de W. 1515) 170 b, Thou benymest the aungelles in heven their Joye. [1560 Chaucer's Boeth. (ed. Speght) 204/1 (ed. 1868 ii. iv. 43) Ne Fortune may not benemme [1374 by-nyme] it thee. Ibid. 208/1 (ed. 1868 iii. iii. 70) Money, that hath been binomed [1374 bynomen] hem.] |
c. from a possessor.
| c 1250 Gen. & Ex. 1764 [I]c was for-dred ðe miȝte timen, fro me ðine doutres bi-nimen. c 1386 Chaucer Pars. T. ¶486 It bynymeth fro man his witte. 1494 Fabyan iii. lx. 39 Offa King of Mercia..by name & toke from them that dignyte. |
2. trans. To rob, deprive, bereave. Const. orig. gen., later of (? at, from).
| c 890 K. ælfred Bæda iii. vii. (Bosw.) He hine his r{iacu}ces benam. c 1205 Lay. 8798 Þat he me nolde ut driuen, binimen me æt þan liue. c 1230 Hali Meid. 35 Þe care aȝain þi pinunge þrahen binimeð þe nihtes slepes. c 1460 J. Russell Bk. Nurture in Babees Bk. (1868) 140 Þese may benym þy souerayne from many nyghtis restis. 1480 Caxton Chron. Eng. vii. 93/1 To benymme Edwarde of his ryght. |
b. Without const.: To rob; to spoil, ravish.
| c 1250 Gen. & Ex. 1706 Lia bar last dowter dinam, Sichem, siðen, hire ille bi-nam. 1340 Ayenb. 23 Ydelblisse benimþ god and stelþ þet his is. Ibid. 39 Þise greate prela[te]s þat benimeþ and robbeþ hire onderlinges. 1480 Caxton Chron. Eng. xcvi. 76 Euer he that was strengest bynome hym that was feblyst. |