▪ I. † hinder, n. Chiefly Sc. Obs.
[f. hinder v.]
Hindrance, obstruction, impediment, detriment.
| c 1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 213 Þere teldeð þe werse þe grune of hindre þat is of bipeching. 1481 Caxton Reynard (Arb.) 63 The moste hyndre that ye shal haue. 1568 Mary Q. of Scots Let. Jan. in H. Campbell Love-lett. App. 31 Doing all the hinder and evill that ȝe may to the said rebellis. 1637–50 Row Hist. Kirk (Wodrow Soc.) 167 A great hinder of the work of God. |
▪ II. hinder, a.1 and n.
(ˈhaɪndə(r))
Forms: 3– hinder, (3–4 hin-, hyndore, 4–5 hender, 4–6 hynder, -ir, 5 -ur, -yr).
[See hind a. (In Sc. and north. Eng. with short i.)]
A. adj.
1. Situated behind, at the back, or in the rear; posterior. (Notwithstanding its comparative form, it does not differ in sense from hind, but is more frequently used. Cf. yon, yonder.) hinder gate, postern gate.
Formerly, like hind, often hyphened to its n.: cf. 4.
| c 1290 St. Brandan 642 in S. Eng. Leg. I. 237 So þat on is hindore [Percy Soc. 638 hynder] fet An Otur þare cam gon. Bi-twene is forþere fet he brouȝte a fuyr-Ire ant a ston. c 1380 Sir Ferumb. 3707 Now ne dar he noþyng drede Of þat hyndere falurede, þat comeþ after gon. c 1400 Lanfranc's Cirurg. 111 Þat þe hyndere [B. hyndore] partie be pleyn. c 1400 Rom. Rose 5850 False-Semblant and Abstinaunce..Shulle at the hynder gate assayle. 1535 Coverdale Josh. viii. 12 He set them in the hynder watch betwene Bethel and Hai. 1590 Spenser F.Q. iii. vi. 32 Till they agayn returne backe by the hinder gate. 1616 Surfl. & Markh. Country Farme 691 The Bore goeth wider with his hinder legs than the Sow, and commonly setteth his hinder steps vpon the edges of his foresteps on the out-side. 1712 Addison Spect. No. 265 ¶5 As I was standing in the hinder Part of the Box. 1875 H. C. Wood Therap. (1879) 325 The fore feet lose their reflex activity before the hinder. |
2. Of time. a. Last past, ‘last’; as in this hinder day yesterday, this hinder night last night, yesternight. b. Last, as in hinder end. Sc.
| 1375 Barbour Bruce x. 551 Quhen I wes ȝoung this hendir day. 1500–20 Dunbar Poems lxxxi. 1 This hinder nycht halff-sleiping as I lay. a 1549 Murning Maidin 2 in Laneham's Let. (1871) Introd. 150 This hinder day I went alone. 1725 Ramsay Gent. Sheph. i. i, I dream'd a dreary dream this hinder night. a 1774 Fergusson Poems (1789) II. 67 (Jam.) Quhilk happen'd on the hinder night. |
† 3. Latter (as opp. to former). Obs.
| 1551 T. Wilson Logike (1580) 20 b, When the former part (whereof any thing is rehearsed) and the hinder part (whiche is rehearsed of the former) are chaunged. 1669 Bunyan Holy Citie 257 By the former Sea, the People of the Jews..and by hinder Sea, the People of the Gentiles. |
† 4. Comb.: see 1. hinder-fallings, excrements.
| 1530 Palsgr. 231/2 Hynderparte of the necke..Hynder⁓parte of the heed. Ibid., Hynderwarde, garde de derriere. 1561 Hollybush Hom. Apoth. 38 b, Take the beanes or hinderfallinges of Goates. 1611 Cotgr., Les gardes d'un sanglier, the deaw-clawes or hinder-clawes of a wild Bore. 1697 W. Dampier Voy. I. 89 [Seals] throw their bodies forward, drawing their hinder-parts after them. 1699 Ibid. II. i. 74 The hinderpart or Stern. |
B. n. (usu. pl.). Hindquarters, buttocks; hind legs.
| 1857 J. Scholes Tim Gamwattle 20 (E.D.D.), Thir is nah a barro e Smobruff uts big anouff fur iz hoindurs. 1880 J. F. S. Gordon Bk. Chron. Keith 55 Boasting of kissing, at their meetings, the Devil's ‘hinder’. 1891 M. M. Dowie Girl in Karpathians xiii. 173 The painter spread his coat upon the hinders of the second horse. 1892 J. Lumsden Sheep-head & Trotters 268 A pull that brought the pony in a moment back upon its hinders. 1948 F. Brown Dead Ringer (1949) xi. 131 He stood up on his short little hinders and got himself a lawyer. |
▪ III. † hinder, a.2 Obs.
[app. deduced from OE. hinder- adv. (see hind a.) in comb., as in hinder-ᵹéap not straightforward, crafty, guileful, hinder-hóc snare, artifice, hinder-scipe knavery: cf. also MHG. hinderlist, Ger. hinterlist trickery behind any one's back to his injury. In hinder-word, perh. in comb.]
Deceitful, crafty, insidious.
| c 1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 59 Mid his hinder worde bicherde him. c 1205 Lay. 10489 Carrais hine biðohte of ane hindere [c 1275 luþer] cræfte. c 1290 St. Michael 688 in S. Eng. Leg. I. 319 Hynderful [altered hinder] and of bost I-novȝ. |
▪ IV. hinder, v.
(ˈhɪndə(r))
Forms: 1 hindrian, 3–6 hindre, 4–6 hyndre, hendre, hynder, 5 hindire, hunder, 5–6 hindur, hyndur, 5– hinder.
[OE. hindrian = OLG. *hindarôn (MDu., MLG. hinderen), OHG. hintarôn (Ger. hindern), ON. hindra:—OTeut. *hindarôjan, f. *hindar adv.: see hind a. lit. To put or keep back: cf. the parallel further v. to put forward, also backen v.]
† 1. trans. To do harm to; to injure, impair, damage. Obs.
| c 1000 Inst. Polity §2 in Thorpe Laws II. 306 (Bosw.) A he sceal hæðendom hindrian. a 1100 O.E. Chron. (Laud MS.) an. 1003 Ðonne se heretoᵹa wacað þonne bið eall se here swiðe ᵹehindred. c 1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 193 Þe man hindreð his aȝene soule. 1483 Cath. Angl. 186/1 To Hynder, derogare, incommodare. 1535 Coverdale Luke xiii. 7 Cut it downe, why hyndreth it the grounde? 1561 Hollybush Hom. Apoth. 10 a, If any chylde weare Peony sede about hys body, no euell sprete can hinder him. 1639 in T. Lechford Note-Bk. (1885) 80 The Plaintiffe..is otherwise hindred and damnifyed to the summe of twenty pounds. |
† b. To speak to the injury of; to vilify, disparage, slander, belittle. Obs.
| c 1375 XI Pains of Hell 102 in O.E. Misc. 226 Bacbyters of men, Þat in word and dede..Hyndren heor euen cristen þat þei may. c 1430 Lydg. Compl. Bl. Knt. xxx, Hindred..to his lady grace With false tonges. 1555 W. Watreman Fardle Facions 333 To hindre and empaire the name, and memorialle of the deade. 1573–80 Baret Alv. H 462 To hinder ones good name, and speake ill of him. |
2. To keep back, delay, or stop in action; to put obstacles in the way of; to impede, deter, obstruct, prevent.
| c 1400 Destr. Troy 5612 [That] may hast vs to harme, & hindur our spede. 1413 Pilgr. Sowle (Caxton 1483) iii. iv. 53 That was very wrong hyndering the trewe quarell and fortherynge the false. c 1450 Merlin 23 The prophetes hadden hyndred here purpos. 1526 Pilgr. Perf. (W. de W. 1531) 6 Not able..to helpe hym any thynge in this his iourney.. but rather to hynder and let hym. 1614 Bp. Hall Recoll. Treat., Holy Obs. i. §31. 200 These are not qualities to hinder our love, but our familiaritie. 1715 De Foe Fam. Instruct. i. i. (1841) I. 32 Thou shalt go to Church every day, and not be hindered. a 1804 W. Gilpin Serm. III. vii. (R.), The difficulty of the task should not hinder the attempt. 1874 Green Short Hist. i. §2. 15 Strife between these two kingdoms..long hindered the full conquest of Northern Britain. |
b. Const. to hinder a person from or in doing something; also (obs. or rare) c. of, for, to do a thing, that, that not, but that he should do a thing.
| b. c 1440 Gesta Rom. xxiii. 75 (Harl. MS.) A clowde, so derk..þat hit hundrid, & hit assundrid, & departid him fro all þe people. 1576 Fleming Panopl. Epist. 279 Demaunding of me, what should hinder me..from the use of such felicitie. 1666–7 Pepys Diary 12 Feb., These pleasures do hinder me in my business. 1694 Acc. Sev. Late Voy. ii. (1711) 131 This doth hinder the Ship very much in its sailing. 1769 Junius Lett. i. 6 Petitions have been hindered from reaching the throne. 1873 Holland A. Bonnic. xii. 205 What's to hinder other people from liking one another? |
| c. c 1380 Wyclif Sel. Wks. III. 431 It semeþ þat privat religiose ben hyndred bi her ordris to kepe Cristis lawe. 1535 Coverdale Acts viii. 36 What hyndereth me to be baptysed? 1568 Grafton Chron. II. 329 They hindered them nothing at all of their purpose. 1577–87 Holinshed Scot. Chron. (1805) II. 296 They would hinder..that no great armie should be made out of France against them. 1600 Holland Livy xxv. xxvii. 569 Marcellus..determined to hinder Bomilcar for arriving at Saracose. 1611 in Picton L'pool Munic. Rec. (1883) I. 170 Mr. Rose did persyst..in hindering the towne of a certen walle. 1690 Locke Hum. Und. iii. iv. §15 That hinders not but that they are generally less doubtful. 1732 Fielding Miser ii. i. Wks. 1882 IX. 307 The death of my mother, whose jointure no one can hinder me of. 1741 Monro Anat. Nerves (ed. 3) 31 Their Liquor will be hindred to flow. 1843 Carlyle Past & Pr. i. ii, He does hinder that it become..a part of it. 1862 F. Hall Hindu Philos. Syst. 144 Good works, they say, hinder the soul of emancipation. |
† d. to hinder time: to spend time, and so retard matters. Obs. rare.
| 1712 W. Rogers Voy. 12 Not willing to hinder Time to carry her into any Harbour to examine..we let her go. |
3. absol. or intr. To delay or frustrate action; to be an obstacle or impediment.
| c 1386 Chaucer Melib. ¶230 Cassidorie seith that it is a manere sleighte to hyndre whan he sheweth to doon a thyng openly and werketh priuely the contrarie. 1450–70 Golagros & Gaw. 358 It hynderis neuer for to be heyndly of speche. 1612 Brinsley Lud. Lit. 82 They will doe them so falsly, as will oft more hinder then further. 1652 Needham tr. Selden's Mare Cl. 41 Nor doth it hinder at all, that in their Assignations or Distributions wee so often finde this Particle usque ad Mare. 1720 Lett. fr. Lond. Jrnl. (1721) 38 But Fate and all the Politicks of those Times hinder'd. 1828 Carlyle Misc., Burns (1872) II. 14 It is not the dark place that hinders, but the dim eye. |
Hence ˈhindered ppl. a.
| c 1440 Promp. Parv. 240/2 Hundryd, or harmyd, dampnificatus. 1644 Digby Nat. Bodies i. (1645) 366 A hindered water. 1876 T. Hardy Ethelberta (1890) 193 Amid the shouts of the hindered drivers. |