satiety
(səˈtaɪɪtɪ)
Forms: 6–7 sacietie, -ty, (6 -tee), satietie, 6– satiety.
[ad. F. satiété (12th c. sazieted, 16th c. sacieté), ad. L. satietātem abundance, satiety, f. satis enough.
The pronunciation (səˈsaɪɪtɪ) is mentioned by Walker (1828) as all but universally current in his time, and as accepted by Sheridan and other orthoepists. His protest against it, as contrary to all analogy, was effectual: the condemned pronunciation is now quite obsolete.]
1. a. The state of being glutted or satiated with food; the feeling of disgust or surfeit caused by excess of food.
| 1533 Elyot Cast. Helthe (1541) 40 b, The dyner moderate, that is to say, lasse than sacietie or fulness of bealy. 1583 Stubbes Anat. Abus. (1877) 104 Dooth not the impletion and sacietie of meates and drinks prouoke lust? c 1610 Women Saints (E.E.T.S.) 215 They began to feele some sacietie of theire ordinarie simple sustenance. 1762 Goldsm. Cit. W. xv, His cooks had a hundred different ways of dressing it, to solicit even satiety. 1791 Cowper Iliad iv. 407 And quaff your wine Delicious, 'till satiety ensue. 1865 Livingstone Zambesi xix. 388 It is always a case of famine or satiety. |
b. gen. The condition of having any appetite or desire gratified to excess; hence, weariness or dislike of (an object of desire) caused by gratification or attainment.
| 1553 T. Wilson Rhet. 108 b, It offendeth and werieth mens eares with saciety. a 1586 Sidney Arcadia iii. (Sommer) 291 Where desire neuer wanted satisfaction, nor satisfaction neuer bred sacietie. 1604 Shakes. Oth. ii. i. 231 When the Blood is made dull with the Act of Sport, there should be a game to enflame it, and to giue Satiety a fresh appetite. 1605 Bacon Adv. Learn. i. viii. §5 Of knowledge there is no sacietie, but satisfaction and appetite are perpetually interchangeable. 1647 Clarendon Hist. Reb. ii. §101 He never apprehended a greater censure than a sequestration from all public employments, in which it is probable he had abundant satiety. 1667 Milton P.L. viii. 216 Thy words with Grace Divine Imbu'd, bring to thir sweetness no satietie. 1669 Clarendon Ess. in Tracts (1727) 127 Satiety of all things naturally produces a satiety of life itself. 1712 Addison Spect. No. 412 ¶3 That Satiety we are apt to complain of in our usual and ordinary Entertainments. 1820 Shelley To Skylark 80 Thou lovest—but ne'er knew love's sad satiety. 1832 R. & J. Lander Exped. Niger I. iv. 192 The eager curiosity of the natives has been glutted by satiety. 1865 Seeley Ecce Homo iv. (ed. 8) 36 Prosperous villany carried to an honoured grave in the fulness of years and in the satiety of enjoyment. |
† c. In favourable sense: The condition of being filled or fully gratified; full attainment of an object of desire. Obs.
| 1548 Udall, etc. Erasm. Par. Matt. v. 6 Where there is euer hungar and euer thurst, and blessed sacietie & fulnes. 1590 Spenser F.Q. ii. ii. 39 Thus fairely shee attempered her feast, and pleasd them all with meete satiety. a 1617 Bayne On Eph. (1658) 45 In Gods presence is the saciety of everlasting delight. 1712 Addison Spect. No. 387 ¶12 Which..will produce a Satiety of Joy, and an uninterrupted Happiness. 1722 Wollaston Relig. Nat. ix. 208 note, There being no Satiety of Knowledge in this life, we may hope for future opportunities when [etc.]. |
d. to satiety: to an amount or degree which satisfies or gluts desire. [= L. ad satietatem.]
| 1607 Topsell Four-f. Beasts (1658) 189 They must be suffered to eat of them to saciety. 1726 Pope Odyss. xxi. 59 To full satiety of grief she mourns. 1775 Burke Sp. Conc. Amer. Sel. Wks. I. 215 The Colonies not only gave, but gave to satiety. 1837 J. H. Newman Par. Serm. III. iii. 31 They had miracles even to satiety. 1878 C. Stanford Symb. Christ xii. 325 Their earthly nature..is filled to satiety with earth's good things. |
e. Psychol. Satisfaction of a need (esp. hunger) as it is registered physiologically; also attrib. and Comb., as satiety hormone, satiety mechanism, satiety process; satiety centre, an area of the brain concerned with the regulation of food intake.
| 1951 Amer. Jrnl. Physiol. CLXIV. 186 The physiological release of enterogastrone is apparently not involved in the production of satiety. 1962 Science CXXXV. 374/2 The so-called ‘feeding center’ of the lateral hypothalamus and the ‘satiety center’ of the medial hypothalamus are well known. 1969 J. D. Davis et al. in Jrnl. Compar. & Physiol. Psychol. LXVII. 407/1 Is food intake..regulated by a ‘satiety hormone’ which terminates feeding when it reaches a threshold level? 1971 K. H. Pribram Lang. of Brain x. 192 Somehow the lesion had impaired the patient's feelings of hunger and satiety and this impairment was accompanied by excessive eating! Ibid. 195 The term ‘motivation’ can be restricted to the operations of appetitive ‘go’ processes..and the term ‘emotion’ to the operations of affective ‘stop’ or satiety processes of equilibrium. 1974 J. Olds in W. R. Adey et al. Brain Mechanisms vii. 379 In one of these areas, known as the ‘satiety center’, destruction of tissues caused animals to overeat and become obese. 1975 F. P. Valle Motivation xii. 227 There are several hypotheses regarding the variables that govern the activity of the ‘satiety center’ in the ventromedial nuclei. 1977 N. R. Carlson Physiol. of Behav. xii. 324 The fact that we stop eating before a significant amount of food is digested makes it necessary to postulate a satiety mechanism. Ibid. 325 Satiety has many sources, from several kinds of detectors. 1978 F. Leukel Essent. Physiol. Psychol. xii. 203/1 The first center is the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus. This nucleus appeared to function as a satiation, or satiety, centre. |
2. A sufficiency or abundance. [So in L.] rare.
| 1635 Heywood Hierarch. ii. 68 This, of himselfe all Fulnesse, all Satietie, Is then the sole Incomprehensible Deitie. 1884 Lushington in Knight Mem. J. Nichol (1896) 222 Here is a satiety or (nimiety) for you, about a man, for whom I have a loving admiration. |