▪ I. † pend, n.1 Sc. Obs.
[Derived, in some way, from F. pendre or L. pendēre to hang: cf. pand.]
1. = pendant n. 2.
| 1488 Acc. Ld. High Treas. Scot. I. 82 Item, a brasselat of gold with hede and pendes of gold. 1507 Ibid. III. 263 Item, for j pair of silver bukkilles with pendes gilt for the Kingis schone. 1513 Douglas æneis xii. xiv. 132 On Turnus schuldir, lo! The fey gyrdill hie set dyd appeyr, With stuthis knaw and pendeis schynand cleyr. a 1568 ‘Wald my gud Ladye that I luif’ 47 in Bannatyne Poems (Hunter. Cl.) 658 Hir belt suld be of bowsumnes,..Baith heid and pendes with hartlines, Inemmellit weill with all. |
2. A hanging; a valance of a bed; = pand.
| 1578 in Hunter Biggar & Ho. Fleming xxvi. (1862) 332 Ane pend of purpour weluot pasmentit w{supt} siluer. |
▪ II. pend, n.2 Sc.
Also 9 pen(n.
[f. F. pendre or L. pendēre to hang.]
An arch; an arched or vaulted roof or canopy; the vaulted ground-floor of a ‘peel’ or bastel-house; an archway; an arched or covered-in passage or entry.
| 1533 Bellenden Livy i. viii. (S.T.S.) 50 He ordanit twa preistis to be caryit in ane chariot, maid in maner of ane pend abone þare hede [curru arcuato]. 1535 Stewart Cron. Scot. (Rolls) II. 441 On Forth thair wes ane brig of tre, But pend or piller, vpone trestis hie. a 1568 Lichtoun's Dreme 18 in Bannatyne Poems (Hunter. Cl.) 289, I tuke..and kest my self rycht with ane mychtie bend Outthruch the volt and percit nocht the pend. 1616 Aberdeen Regr. (1848) II. 338 Twa pilleris and thrie bowis, fynelie wrocht with chapture heidis at the beginning of the symmeris of the pendis. 1635 D. Person Varieties i. 33 Mahomet his Chest of Iron..doth hang miraculously unsupported of any thing, because either the pend or some verticall stone of the Vault..is of Loadstone. a 1670 Spalding Troub. Chas. I (Spalding Cl.) I. 313 At the wastend of the pend, quhairon the gryte stepill stands. 1770 Bp. Forbes Jrnl. (1886) 307 Join'd to the north wall stood the building now called the College,..the Pend still entire. 1893 Stevenson Catriona i, We took shelter under a pend at the head of a close or alley. 1893 Crockett Stickit Minister 199 A low ‘pend’ or vaulted passage. |
b. The vault of heaven.
| 1663 Sir G. Mackenzie Religious Stoic i. (1685) 2 The stately fabrick of Heavens arched Pend. 1819 W. Tennant Papistry Storm'd (1827) 43 Throu' Aurora's gildet gate,..And up the pend, at furious rate. |
c. An arched conduit; ‘a covered sewer, small conduit; also, the entrance to, or the grating over, a conduit or sewer’ (Jamieson 1880).
| 1824 Mactaggart Gallovid. Encycl., Penn, a sewer. 1834 Mrs. Maxwell Let. 5 Apr. in Life J. C. Maxwell ii. 27 The water gets from the pond through the wall and a pend or small bridge. |
d. attrib. pend-close, an arched passage.
| 1535 Aberdeen Regr. XV. (Jam.), Fyw scoir of pendstanis & vj scoir xv. laidis of wall stanis. 1880 Jamieson, Pen⁓mouth, the entrance of a pend or covered gateway. |
▪ III. † pend, n.3 Obs. rare.
[app. f. pend v.3 3.]
Leaning, inclination, tendency, impetus.
| 1674 N. Fairfax Bulk & Selv. 65 But we are at no such pend, as we should be fain to fly to either the one or the other. Ibid. 119 A pend or earnest strift fromwards, which we call springsomness. |
▪ IV. pend, n.4 Obs. or dial.
[Variant of pen n.1: cf. pend v.2]
† 1. = pen n.1 1. Obs.
| 1542 Udall Erasm. Apoph. 120 b, The facion or lykenesse..of a pende, wherein to kepe other beastes. |
2. dial. Pressure; pinch, straits.
| 1823 E. Moor Suffolk Words 272 ‘There's the pend’: the point of pressure. 1879 in Arch. VIII. 172 (E.D.D.) He helps me in a pend. |
▪ V. † pend, n.5 Sc.
obs. variant of pen n.2
▪ VI. † pend, v.1 Obs.
Also 4 pent. pa. tense pended; also 5 pent.
[Aphetic f. apend, append v.1, OF. apendre.]
intr. To belong, pertain to.
| c 1320 Sir Tristr. 1090 A word þat pended to pride Tristrem þo spac he. Ibid. 1383 Alle þing..þat pende to marchandis. 13.. E.E. Allit. P. B. 1270 [Thai] pyled Alle þe apparement þat pented to þe kyrke. ? a 1400 Morte Arth. 1612 O payne and o perelle that pendes there-too. c 1460 Towneley Myst. xxii. 100 Herode..coud fynd with nokyns gyn Nothyng herapon that pent to any syn. |
▪ VII. pend, v.2 Obs. exc. dial.
[An extended form of pen v.1: cf. pend n.4 and pent ppl. a.]
To pen or shut in; to confine, to limit. Often pend up.
| c 1400 Plowman's T. 650 Wel worse they woll him tere, And in prison woll hem [1561 him] pend. c 1450 Castle Persev. 1247 My prowd pouer schal I not pende, tyl I be putte in peynys pyt. 1542 Udall Erasm. Apoph. 120 Suche frowarde creatures as many women are ought rather to bee pended up in a caige of iron. Ibid. 297 b, Antipater [was]..chaced into Lamia..& there pended up. 1571 Golding Calvin on Ps. xxi. 12 God wil pend them up in some corner. |
b. dial. (See quot.) Cf. pend n.4 2.
| a 1825 Forby Voc. E. Anglia, Pend, v. 1. To press or pinch. Commonly said of apparel which does not fit. |
▪ VIII. pend, v.3
[app. a. F. pend-re:—late L. pend-ĕre for pendēre to hang. But in some cases aphetic f. apend, append v.2, or short for depend.]
† 1. trans. To hang; to append. Obs.
| 1500–20 Dunbar Poems xliii. 40 Thair seilis ar to pendit. 1600 C. Bonde Scut. Reg. 112 The Cynical Puritan would hang him..the Independent would pende him if he did not solely depend on him as on God almighty. |
2. intr. To hang; to depend. a. fig. (now dial.)
| 1556 J. Heywood Spider & F. xxxix. 19 So that woorshipfulnes: and honestnes, Do pende ech on other. 1642 H. More Song Soul iii. i. xv, But if we grant,..that the souls energie 'Pends not on this base corse. 1839 Bailey Festus xx. (1848) 256 Principles and doctrines pending not Upon the action of the poem here. 1859 Hughes Scour. White Horse viii, 'Pend upon it, a good-bred girl like Lu wouldn't stand it. |
b. literal. (literary affectation.)
| 1802 Mrs. Radcliffe Gaston de Blondeville Posth. Wks. 1826 II. 149 To that great tower, still called of Cæsar, which was the keep; on it pended the prison-turret of the merchant. 1857 J. von Tautphœus Quits I. vii. 100 A bunch of ponderous seals pending over his portly paunch. |
3. To hang over, impend, incline, lean. Obs. exc. dial. Cf. pend n.3
| 1674 N. Fairfax Bulk & Selv. 121 It asks some time to heave or pend in, before it actually starts. a 1825 Forby Voc. E. Anglia, Pend, v... To incline or lean. ‘The wall pends this way.’ |
▪ IX. pend, v.4 Sc.
Also 7 pen.
[prob. f. pend n.2 (though evidenced somewhat earlier).]
trans. To arch, arch over, vault. Hence ˈpended ppl. a., arched; ˈpending vbl. n., an arching.
| 1491 Acc. Ld. High Treas. Scot. I. 181 Item, to the massonis of the Palis..for the pendin of thre voutis. 1497 Ibid. I. 342 Item,..giffin to Wat Merlioune, for his task of Dunbar, that is the pending of the hall, bigging of Hannis toure [etc.]. 1499–1500 Durham Acc. Rolls (Surtees) 656 Pro le pendyng ad stagnum molendini. a 1684 Law Mem. (1818) 216 Major Learmont..was taken..in a vault which he diged under ground, and penned for his hiding. 1823 Hogg Tales (1866) 299 Ane could hae gaen oure it like a pendit brigg. 1823 W. Tennant Cdl. Beaton iv. iii. 113 A gousty lump o' black pended stanewark. |
▪ X. pend, v.5 Chiefly Comm.
[Back-formation f. pending ppl. a. 1.]
trans. To treat (an issue, etc.) as pending; to postpone deciding or attending to, defer.
| 1953 P. Frankau Winged Horse iii. i. 178 Why didn't you ask J.G. to pend it till New Year? Ibid., With any other boss, I'd..have asked to pend it. 1970 New Scientist 16 July 134 It has done this by ‘pending’ the settlement of nine patent applications. 1984 Amer. Banker 5 Dec. 6/2, 145 transactions totaling $3.8 billion were pended. |
▪ XI. pend
obs. pa. tense and pple. of pen v.