▪ I. hoise, v. Obs. exc. dial.
(hɔɪz)
Pa. tense and pple. hoised, hoist. Forms: α. 5 hysse, 6 hyce, hyse. β. 5– hoise (6 hoighce, 6–7 hoyse, hoisse, 7 hoiss).
[In 15–16th c. hysse, hyce, which corresponds with Icel. hisa, Norw., Sw. hissa, Da. hisse, LG. hiesen, hissen (Chyträus 1582, whence Ger. hissen), Du. hijschen (het zeyl ophijsen to hoise the sail, Hexham 1678); also F. hisser (16th c. hinser, inser, 1611 Cotgr. yser), It. issare (Diez), Sp. izar (1599 Minsheu hi{cced}ar), Pg. i{cced}ar. It is not yet known in which language this nautical word arose; the English examples are earlier than any cited elsewhere. The β forms hoighce, hoisse, hoise, appear to arise from a broad pronunciation of hyce, hysse, hyse (the mod. repr. of which appears to be the northern heeze); they are earlier than the interchange of oi, ī, in oil, īle, boil, bīle, etc. Otherwise, Engl. oi, oy, is usually of foreign origin, French or Dutch: cf. rejoice, boil, toy, etc.
It is to be noticed that the word appears early as an interjection, being the actual cry of sailors in hauling: Eng. hissa (c 1450), Sc. heisau (Compl. of Scot. 1549), Sp. hiza (Minsheu 1599), now iza, Pg. i{cced}a, F. inse! inse! (Rabelais c 1530). These Romanic forms have the appearance of the imperative of the vb. hizar, i{cced}ar, inser; but whether this is historically so, or whether the vb. was subseq. formed from the cry, is not clear.]
1. trans. To raise aloft by means of a rope or pulley and tackle, or by other mechanical appliance. a. Orig. Naut., and chiefly to hoise sail; often with up.
| α [c 1450 Pilgr. Sea Voy. 13 in Stac. Rome etc. 37 With ‘howe! hissa!’ then they [shipmen] cry, ‘What howe, mate! thow stondyst to ny, Thy felow may nat hale [= haul] the by’. Cf. also heisau in heeze v. quot. 1549.] 1490 Caxton Eneydos xxxi. 117 They made the saylles to be hyssed vppe. 1517 H. Watson Ship of Fools A ij a, I tourne and hyse the cordes of the shyppe. 1530 Palsgr. 585/1, I hyse up the sayle, as shypmen do, je haulce. 1547 Salesbury Welsh Dict., Kodi ancor i vyny, hyce up an ancre. 1549, etc. [see heeze]. |
| β 1509 Hawes Past. Pleas. (1555) 53 Hoyse up thy sayle. Ibid. 191 Then their anker they weyed in haste, And hoyst their sayle. a 1537 Batayle Egyngecourte (printed by J. Skot) A ij b, They hoysed their sayles sadly a lofte A goodly syght it was to se. 1589 Greene Menaphon (Arb.) 58 Eurilochus..willed his men perforce to hoyse him a shipboord. 1610 Shakes. Temp. i. ii. 148 They prepared A rotten carkasse of a Butt..There they hoyst vs To cry to th' Sea. 1615 G. Sandys Trav. 207 We..hoissed sailes for Sidon. 1715–20 Pope Iliad i. 624 Then launch, and hoise the mast. 1791 Cowper Odyss. xv. 353 They..straining at the halyards, hoised the sail. |
| absol. 1685 Roxb. Ball. (1885) V. 544 We hoised and hast'ned up into the Straits. |
† b. to hoise out (forth): to launch, lower (a boat). Obs.
| 1599 Hakluyt Voy. II. 179 To hoise out their skiffe. 1628 World Encomp. by Sir F. Drake 18 A boat being therefore hoised forth. 1697–9 W. Dampier Voy. an. 1688 (R.) We hoysed out our boat, and took up some of them. |
c. In other than nautical use.
| 1561 J. Daus tr. Bullinger on Apoc. (1573) 148 b, Hoysing them horribly vp to a gibet. 1613 Purchas Pilgrimage iv. xvi. 370 Hoising them up and down by the armes with a cord. 1699 W. Dampier Voy. (1729) II. i. 48 There stands a Flag Staff, purposely for the hoysing up the English Colours. 1710 Swift Baucis & Philemon 57 The kettle to the top was hoist, And there stood fasten'd to a joist. |
2. To raise aloft, lift up: usually with the notion of exertion; cf. heeze v.
| 1548 Udall Erasm. Par. Luke xxiv. 175 Beyng hoighced vp vpon the crosse. 1570 B. Googe Pop. Kingd. i. 5 b, From the bottom deepe He hoyseth up the weeping soules, in blessed ioyes to sleepe. 1645 Milton Colast. Wks. (1851) 374 The shame of all honest Atturneys, why doe they not hoiss him over the barre, and blanket him? 1690 W. Walker Idiomat. Anglo-Lat. 36 Hoise this fellow on thy back, and carry him in. a 1763 Shenstone Colemira 59 When with nice airs she hoist the pancake round. 1830 J. Wilson Noct. Ambr. Wks. 1855 II. 349 Gin I could get a cleik o' the bane..I might hoise it gently up..and then pu' it out o' his mouth. 1842 S. Lover Handy Andy xv. 142 ‘Remember,..you won't tell we hoised you.’ |
b. hoist with his own petard (Shakes.): Blown into the air by his own bomb; hence, injured or destroyed by his own device for the ruin of others.
| 1604 Shakes. Ham. iii. iv. 207 (Qo. 2) Tis the sport to haue the enginer Hoist with his owne petar. 1826 Scott Woodst. xxxiii, 'Tis sport to have the engineer Hoist with his own petard, as our immortal Shakspeare has it. 1847 De Quincey Protestantism Ess. (1858) 138 To see the cruel bibliolater, in Hamlet's words, ‘hoist by his own petard’. 1866 Geo. Eliot F. Holt ii. (1868) 30 They shall be hoist with their own petard. 1882 Nature XXVI. 146 The criticism of practical men..was disarmed; these found themselves hoist with their own petard. |
† 3. To raise in position, degree, or quality; to exalt, elevate; to raise in amount or price. Obs.
| 1581 W. Stafford Exam. Compl. iii. (1876) 82 This rackynge and hoyssing vp of Rentes. 1583 Stanyhurst æneis i. (Arb.) 18 Shee pouts, that Ganymed by Ioue too skitop is hoysed. 1642 Rogers Naaman 488 To bee hoysed up with such a spirit of freedom. 1679 Crowne Ambit. Statesm. v. 80 I've torn my bowels out To hoyse my self into this Tyrant's favour. 1730 T. Boston Mem. vii. 100, I was somewhat hoised above it. |
† 4. To lift and move; to remove. Obs.
| 1593 Shakes. 2 Hen. VI, i. i. 169 Wee'l quickly hoyse Duke Humfrey from his seat. 1671 Grew Anat. Plants i. iii. App. §7 The Brushes of the Winds would injuriously hoise them to and fro. c 1750 Rob Roy ii. in Child Ballads vii. ccxxv. 248/1 He hoised her out among his crew, And rowd her in his plaidie. |
† 5. intr. (for pass.) To be raised, to rise. Obs.
| 1565 Golding Ovid's Met. ii. (1593) 32 The waine for want of weight..Did hoise aloft, and scaile, and reele as though it emptie were. 1570 B. Googe Pop. Kingd. 2 a, And with a worde he hoyseth up, unto the starry raigne. |
Hence hoised ppl. a., hoising vbl. n. and ppl. a., ˈhoiser, one who or that which hoises. Also hoise n., a lift, hoist 1.
| 1568 T. Howell Newe Sonets (1879) 119 With hoysing waues and windes so hardly tost. 1576 Gosson Spec. Humanum iii. in Sch. Abuse (Arb.) Notes 76 The prime of youth, whose greene vnmellowde yeares With hoysed head doth checke the loftie skies. 1611 Cotgr., Leveur, a rayser..hoyser, or heauer vp of. 1615 T. Adams White Devill 62 For the hoording of corne and hoysing of markets. 1632 Sherwood, A hoising instrument (to lift vp stones). 1786 Burns Ordination xiii, They'll gie her on a rape a hoyse. |
▪ II. hoise, hois(s
obs. Sc. forms of hose.