† out-ˈtaken, pa. pple., prep., conjunctive adv. Obs.
Forms: see out-take v.
[pa. pple. of out-take v.
Orig. used in concord with a n. or pron. in the absolute case (= Latin ablative absolute), e.g. exceptā suā mātre, ME. ‘his moder out-taken’, ‘out-taken his moder’. Both these orders were in use, but the latter was the prevailing one; and the position and effect of the pple. being thus equivalent to those of a preposition, it became at length identified with the prepositions: cf. the equivalent except. Like other prepositions also (e.g. before, for, till), it was used to connect a subordinate to a principal sentence, orig. with that, subseq. alone, and thus became a conjunctive adv. or subordinating conjunction.]
A. pa. pple. (in concord with, and following, a noun in absol. case) = (Being) excepted. Cf. except v. 1 b.
| c 1375 Sc. Leg. Saints ii. (Paulus) 940 Owtwart thingis neuir-þe-les Owtane, þat wes þe besynes Þat he had. Ibid. xxxiii. (George) 93 Man na [= nor] wif outane nane. 1409 in Exch. Rolls Scotl. IV. ccix, His allegiance acht till..the King anerly outane. 1429–30 Papers of Coldingham Priory (Surtees) 104 The warand wod and venyson all way oute taken. 1530 Palsgr. 320/2 Outtaken, excepté. |
B. prep. (In the α instances, in which the elements are written separate, perh. still felt as a pple.)
1. = out-take c, except prep. 1.
| α 13.. Cursor M. 5411 (Cott.) Vte tan [v.rr. out tane, vte take; a 1425 outake] þe landes of þat lede. a 1340 Hampole Psalter xxi. 18 Þai partid his clathes..out takyn his kirtil. 1362 Langl. P. Pl. A. x. 169 Alle schulen dye..Out taken Eihte soules. c 1400 Mandeville (Roxb.) i. 4 He has lost all, oute taken Greece. c 1450 St. Cuthbert (Surtees) 4330 Oute tane Elfride, þai destruyde All' þe kynges lynage. |
| β c 1375 Sc. Leg. Saints xxi. (Clement) 491 Þare was nane þat hyme saw..Ovtane petyre. 1387 Trevisa Higden (Rolls) I. 261 Wel nyȝ all manere metal..outakyn tyn [Harl. tr. tynne excepte, Caxt. reserued tyn, Higd. excepto stanno]. 1388 Wyclif Mark xii. 32 Ther is noon other, outakun [1382 out taken] hym [Vulg. præter eum]. a 1400 Burgh Laws ix. (Sc. Stat. I.), Outtane salt [præter sal] and heryng. 1501 Douglas Pal. Hon. iii. ii, With all the rout, outtane my nimphe and I. 1816 Scott Old Mort. xlii, Ane o' the maist cruel oppressors..(out-taken Sergeant Bothwell). 1816 ― Antiq. xxiv, I question if there's ony body in the country can tell the tale but mysell—aye out-taken the laird though. |
2. Leaving out of account; except as regards; besides in addition to; = except prep. 2.
| 1340–70 Alex. & Dind. 153 For, out-taken viij wokus of al þe twelf monþe..Dredful dragonus drawen hem þiddire. c 1375 Sc. Leg. Saints xi. (Symon & Judas) 389, lxx thowsande cristyne..Ovtane princis, kynge, and quene, Wyffis, and barnys alsa bedene. c 1400 Mandeville (Roxb.) vii. 26 Men may go in, oute taken þe tyme þat þe bawme growes. c 1440 York Myst. xxiv. 147 Owtane goddis will allone. |
C. conjunctive adv.
1. Introducing a subordinate clause (with or without that): = except conj. 1.
| c 1375 Sc. Leg. Saints ix. (Jacobus) 21 He wane nan of þa, Ovtane þat vith gret pyne He purchasit discipulis nyne. Ibid. xl. (Ninian) 1444 Bath his schank and his kne Ware als haile..As þai..befor wes, Owtane þare wes les of flesche. 1375 Barbour Bruce vi. 407 He wes arayit at poynt clenly, Outakyn that his hede wes bair. 1496 Dives & Paup. (W. de W.) v. xv. 216/2, I haue take them all to you..out taken that ye shall not ete flesshe with the blood. |
2. Introducing a hypothetical clause: in quot. with if (= except if, unless): = except conj. 2.
| 1389 in Eng. Gilds (1870) 35 Out taken ȝef he be a theffe proued. |
3. Preceding a phrase formed of a preposition and its object: = except conj. 3.
| a 1350 St. Thomas 20 in Horstm. Altengl. Leg. (1881) 20 Send me to folk of ilk a kynde Outaken vnto folk of Ynde. c 1375 Cursor M. 5388 (Fairf.) For hungre dyed mony an, Out takin in egipte and chanaan. c 1400 Mandeville (Roxb.) xxvi. 121 Plentee of all maner of bestes, oute taken of swyne. |