cysto-
(sɪstəʊ)
combining form of Gr. κύστη = κύστις bladder, cyst, usually in reference to the urinary bladder; as in cystobuˈbonocele [see bubonocele], hernia of the bladder through the inguinal opening; ˈcystocele [F. cystocèle; Gr. κήλη tumour, cele], hernia of the bladder; ˈcystocyte [-cyte], one of the large and cyst-like cells of cystenchyma in sponges; cyˈstogenous [-genous], producinng cysts, cystiferous; cyˈstometer, any instrument for measuring pressure and volume within the bladder; cystoˈmetrogram [Gr. µέτρον measure], a diagram showing the relationship between bladder pressure and volume as it fills; cyˈstometry, the measurement of the pressure and volume within the bladder; the study of the bladder by means of such measurements; so cystoˈmetric a.; cystoˈmorphous [Gr. µορϕή form], having the form of a cyst, cyst-like; ˈcystoplast (Biol.) [Gr. πλαστός formed, moulded], a cell having a cell-wall; cystoˈplastic a. (Surg.), belonging to cystoplasty; ˈcystoplasty [F. cystoplastie], an operation for repair of the bladder, as in the case of vesico-vaginal fistula; cystoˈplegic a., relating to cystoplegia or paralysis of the bladder; cystoˈrrhœa [Gr. ῥοία flow, flux], a flow of mucus from the bladder, vesical catarrh; ˈcystoscope [Gr. -σκοπος viewing], n. an instrument for examining the interior of the bladder; v. to examine (the bladder) with this instrument; cystoˈscopic a., relating to or performed with the cystoscope; cyˈstoscopy [Gr. σκοπιά lookout, watch], examination of the bladder with a cystoscope, cyˈstostomy [Gr. στόµα mouth], the formation of an opening into the bladder by incision; ˈcystospasm, spasm of the bladder; cystoˈspastic a., relating to cystospasm; ˈcystotome [so in F.: Gr. -τοµος cutting], an instrument for the operation of cystotomy; also an instrument for lacerating the capsule of the crystalline lens in the operation for cataract; cyˈstotomy [Gr. -τοµια cutting], cutting into the bladder for extraction of a stone or other purpose.
| 1860 Mayne Expos. Lex. 254 *Cystobubonocele..a rare kind of Hernia, in which the urinary bladder protrudes through the inguinal opening. |
| 1811 in R. Hooper Med. Dict., *Cystocele. 1876 Gross Dis. Bladder 343 The bladder is liable to protrude from the pelvic cavity, constituting what is denominated a cystocele. |
| 1927 D. K. Rose in Jrnl. Amer. Med. Assoc. 15 Jan. 151/2, I have devised an instrument called a *cystometer. 1933 Brain LVI. 185 The volume-pressure curve as measured by the Rose cystometer, and used to estimate disturbances of vesical innervation. 1964 G. W. Leadbetter in J. F. Glenn Diagnostic Urol. vii. 135 One of three cystometers may be used: (a) water column manometer, (b) Lewis electric recording cystometer, or (c) strain gauge with an electronic recorder. |
| 1927 Jrnl. Urol. XVII. 493 *Cystometric curve is quite similar to one obtained after giving a sacral anaesthetic. 1964 G. W. Leadbetter in J. F. Glenn Diagnostic Urol. vii. 133 Cystometric study is essential to diagnosis and management in patients who have evidence of neurologic disease. |
| 1936 New England Jrnl. Med. 26 Mar. 617/1 In an attempt to arrive at a better method of treating urinary bladders paralyzed as the result of spinal cord injuries, it was soon demonstrated that *cystometrograms were essential. 1976 Lancet 4 Dec. 1221/1 During the acute stage a cystometrogram showed a flaccid insensitive bladder. |
| 1959 Danish Med. Bull. VI. 194/1 *Cystometry, the measurement of intravesical pressure at various fillings of the bladder and during micturition, appears to have been effected exclusively by means of a catheter inserted through the urethra... We have worked out a new technique..using a polyethylene catheter inserted percutaneously into the bladder. 1977 Lancet 13 Aug. 335/2 Simple cystometry with a central-venous-pressure set can..be done in all hospitals and might help to delineate that group of patients who, although presenting with stress incontinence, in reality suffer from detrusor instability. 1984 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 9 June 1720/2 Cystometry has been used to study bladder function for over 100 years. |
| 1876 Gross Dis. Bladder 43 Catarrh of the bladder, technically denominated *cystorrhœa. |
| 1889 Fenwick in Brit. Med. Jrnl. 6 July, Since the introduction of the incandescent-lamp *cystoscope. 1893 Ibid. 10 June 1209 In nearly every case of tumour which I have cystoscoped. |
| 1889 Fenwick in Brit. Med. Jrnl. 1 Apr. 49/3 On *cystoscopic examination. |
| 1910 Practitioner Mar. 378 As a general rule the operation of cholecystectomy shows a higher mortality than the cholecystostomy, but in Rimann's statistics the reverse is the case (cystectomy 3·4 per cent. and *cystostomy 14·3 per cent.). |
| 1908 Practitioner Sept. 434 *Cystoscopy is of great use in determining the character of the fluid issuing from each ureter. 1909 Ibid. Nov. 664 Cytoscopy and ureteral catheterization are necessary. 1938 Nature 24 Sept. 555/1 The radiological methods include..cystoscopy. |
| 1847 South tr. Chelius' Surg. II. 594 The operator now grasps the *cystotome with his right hand. 1869 Wells Diseases of Eye 237 For flap extraction I prefer Graefe's cystotome. |
| 1721 Bailey, *Cystotomy, the cutting of the Bladder. 1888 Pall Mall G. 19 Sept. 6/2 General Salomon..underwent the operation of cystotomy yesterday. |