▪ I. chide, v.
(tʃaɪd)
Pa. tense chid (tʃɪd); pa. pple. chid, chidden (ˈtʃɪd(ə)n). Forms: 1 c{iacu}dan, 3–5 chiden, (4–6 chyde(n, 5 chyte), 4– chide. For inflexions see below.
[OE. c{iacu}d-an wk. vb.: not known in the other Teutonic langs.
The original inflexions were: pa. tense OE. c{iacu}dde, ME. chidd(e, chid, mod. chid; pa. pple. OE. c{iacu}ded, cidd, cid, ME. chidd(e, chid, mod. chid; but in 5–6 chode, chidden formed on the analogy of the strong verbs (e.g. ride), came into partial use, and chidden at least is still common; chided is occasional in modern writers. (OE. and ME. contracted the 3rd pers. pres. indic. as c{iacu}t, chit.)]
1. intr. To give loud or impassioned utterance to anger, displeasure, disapprobation, reproof. † a. To contend with loud and angry altercation; to brawl, wrangle. Obs.
| c 1000 ælfric Exod. xxi. 18 Gif men cidaþ. c 1050 Gloss. in Wr.-Wülcker 347 Altercaretur, cidde. c 1205 Lay. 8149 Heo bigunnen to chiden. c 1250 Gen. & Ex. 2722 He saȝ chiden in ðe wey two egypcienis, modi & strong. c 1340 Cursor M. 6681 (Trin.) If two chide [earlier texts, flite] & þat oon þe toþer smyte. c 1460 Towneley Myst. 115 We wille nawther..Fyght nor chyte. 1483 Cath. Angl. 63/1 To chyde, litigare..ubi, to flyte. 1552 Act 5 & 6 Edw. VI, c. 4 §1 Yf anye person..shall..by wordes onelye quarrell, chyde or brawle in any Churche or Churcheyarde. 1693 W. Robertson Phraseol. Gen. 329 They did chide and brawl so long till they fell together by the ears. |
† b. To give loud and angry expression to dissatisfaction and displeasure; to scold. Obs.
| c 1175 Lamb. Hom. 113 Crist nalde flitan ne chidan. 1297 R. Glouc. (Rolls) 8024 He chydde & made hym wroþ. 1340 Ayenb. 67 Þe ilke þet ne dar ansuerye ne chide..he beginþ to grochi betuene his teþ. 1377 Langl. P. Pl. B. i. 191 Chewen heore charite and chiden after more. c 1386 Chaucer Can. Yeom. Prol. & T. 368 Whan that oure pot is broke..Every man chyt. c 1440 York Myst. xxvi. 180 Þou chaterist like a churle þat can chyde. 1529 More Comf. agst. Trib. ii. Wks. 1187/2 Other folk..had a good sporte to heare her chide. 17.. Swift Lett. (1766) II. 293, I am confident you came chiding into the world, and will continue so while you are in it. |
c. To scold by way of rebuke or reproof; in later usage, often merely, to utter rebuke.
| 1393 Langl. P. Pl. C. iv. 224 Ich cam noȝt to chiden. 1535 Coverdale Ps. cii[i]. 9 He wil not allwaye be chydinge. 1660 Milton Sonn. xiv, To serve therewith my Maker, and present My true account, lest he, returning, chide. 1764 Goldsm. Hermit xxxvii, The wondering fair one turned to chide. a 1839 Praed Poems (1864) I. 301 To smile on me, to speak to me, to flatter or to chide. |
d. fig. Applied to sounds which suggest angry vehemence: as the yelping of hounds in ‘cry’, the querulous notes of quails, ‘brawling’ of a torrent, angry blast of the wind, etc.
| 1594 2nd Rep. Faustus xxii. in Thoms Prose Rom. (1858) III. 397 His javelin..being denied entrance, for very anger, rent itself in forty pieces, and chid in the air. 1615 G. Sandys Trav. 27 Partridges..flie chiding about the vine⁓yards. 1620 Melton Astrolog. 3 The lowdest storme that could ever chide. 1820 Keats Eve St. Agnes iv, The silver snarling trumpets 'gan to chide. |
† 2. Const. a. In OE. construed with dative of personal object, in sense ‘to rebuke’; later, with various preps., esp. at; hence by levelling of dat. and acc. the trans. sense 3. Obs.
| c 1000 Ags. Gosp. Mark i. 25 Ða cydde se hælend him. c 1160 Hatton G. ibid., Þa kydde se hælend hym. 1393 Gower Conf. I. 295 If..thou at any time hast chid Toward thy love. 1588 Shakes. L.L.L. iv. iii. 132 You chide at him, offending twice as much. 1591 ― Two Gent. ii. i. 78 You chidde at Sir Protheus, for going vngarter'd. |
† b. with with: To complain aloud against (so later, to chide against); to quarrel or dispute angrily with; to have altercation with. Obs.
| a 1000 Thorpe Hom. I. 96 (Bosw.) Cide he wið God. c 1175 Lamb. Hom. 103 Þe mon sorȝeð..and chit þenne wið gode. a 1250 Owl & Night. 287 Ne lust me wit the screwen chide. a 1300 Cursor M. 12972 (Cott.) Yeitt can þat chinche wit godd to chide. 1382 Wyclif Judg. xxi. 22 Whanne the faders of hem comen and aȝens ȝou bigynnen to pleyne and chiden. a 1450 Knt. de la Tour (1868) 21 She..chidde with hym afore alle the peple. 1513 Douglas æneis viii. Prol. 126 Churle, ga chat the and chyd with ane vther. 1535 Coverdale Gen. xxxi. 36 And Iacob was wroth, and chode with Laban [so 1611]. 1611 Bible Ex. xvii. 2 Why chide you with mee? 1693 W. Robertson Phraseol. Gen. 329 To chide or quarrel with one. 1869 Spurgeon J. Ploughm. Talk 6 We have a stiff bit of soil to plough when we chide with sluggards. |
3. a. trans. To address (a person) in terms of reproof or blame: in earlier use implying loud vehemence, to ‘scold’; in later use often little more than ‘reprove, rebuke’. (The main modern use, but now chiefly literary, and somewhat archaic).
This comes down directly from the OE. const. with the dative, which may still be valid for early ME. examples. The later examples show modern instances of inflected forms.
| c 1230 Hali Meid. 31 Chit te & cheopeð þe & schent te schomeliche. a 1250 Owl & Night. 1329 Ah ȝet thu, fule thing, me chist. c 1340 Cursor M. 13867 (Trin.) For iewes so had him chid. 1387 Trevisa Higden (Rolls) VII. 35 Þere Dunston was strongliche despised and i-ched. 1430 Lydg. Chron. Troy ii. xii, Ye shall heare anone how that he chit The quene Heleyne. 1557 K. Arthur (W. Copland) vii. vi, Euer she chode him and wolde not rest. 1596 Shakes. 1 Hen. IV, ii. iv. 410 Thou wilt be horrible chidde to morrow. 1629 J. Cole Of Death 32 Peevish children, who..are but chidden in their first schoole. 1646 Sir R. Murray in Hamilton Papers (Camden 1880) 108 You encourage me..when I should rather be chid for it. 1720 Gay Poems (1745) II. 64 The Priest..First chid her, then her sins remitted. 1751 Johnson Rambl. No. 182 ¶5 Having chidden her for undutifulness. 1791 Cowper Iliad xvii. 520 He stroked them gently and as oft he chode. 1847 Tennyson Princ. vi. 271 Kiss and be friends, like children being chid! 1848 A. Jameson Leg. Monast. Ord. Introd. (1863) 40 The monks have been sorely chidden for [this]. 1861 P. Young Daily Readings II. 298 Our Lord..chode them for their want of faith. 1865 Meredith Rhoda Fleming I. x. 164 The farmer chid her. 1870 Bryant Iliad I. iv. 121 Atrides..spake and chid them. 1879 Beerbohm Patagonia vi. 97, I have never seen a child chided or remonstrated with. 1885 Mrs. Campbell Praed Head Station xxiii, Mrs. Clephane..chided Jinks. 1897 Daily News 15 Apr. 6/3 We..notice with interest that Mr. Meredith, after vacillating in former editions between ‘chid’ and ‘chidded’, has now resolved that the past tense of ‘to chide’ is ‘chided’. 1925 C. S. Durrant Flem. Mystics & Eng. Martyrs i. x. 146 Margaret..quietly chode her elder. |
b. fig. and transf. To scold, rebuke, or find fault with (a thing, an action, etc.).
| c 1386 Chaucer Nun's Pr. T. 531 The Friday for to chiden..(For on a Fryday sothly slayn was he). 1590 Shakes. Mids. N. iii. ii. 200 Wee haue chid the hasty footed time, For parting vs. 1606 ― Tr. & Cr. ii. iii. 221 The Rauen chides blacknesse. 1770 Goldsm. Des. Vill. 150 He chid their wanderings, but relieved their pain. 1776 Gibbon Decl. & F. I. xi. 303 The emperor..chided the tardiness of the senate. 1860 Card. Wiseman Past. Lett. 25 Mar. 20 Could that power have been reproved, chided, and even corrected..by so dependent an authority? 1865 Swinburne Poems & Ball., Ilicet 137 Before their eyes all life stands chidden. |
c. Said of hounds, brawling streams, etc.
| 1590 Spenser F.Q. i. i. 1 His angry steede did chide his foming bitt. 1596 Shakes. 1 Hen. IV, iii. i. 45 The Sea That chides the Bankes of England. 1697 Dryden Virg. Eclog. v. 132 Streams that..the scarce cover'd Pebbles gently chide. 1810 Scott Lady of L. i. viii, The baffled dogs..Chiding the rocks that yell'd again. |
4. With adv. or advb. compl.: To drive, impel, or compel by chiding.
| 1590 Shakes. Mids. N. iii. ii. 312 He hath chid me hence. 1633 G. Herbert Temple, Church Militant 105 He chid the Church away. 1634 Milton Comus 258 Scylla..chid her barking waves into attention. 1643 J. Angier Lanc. Vall. Achor 29 This seasonable check chode us to duty. 1738 Wesley Hymns, ‘Triumphal Notes’ ii, Thy Word bids Winds and Waves be still, And chides them into Rest. 1836 Emerson Nature, Lit. Ethics Wks. (Bohn) II. 219 Be neither chided nor flattered out of your position. |
▪ II. chide, n.
[f. prec. vb. OE. had ᵹec{iacu}d.]
† 1. Chiding; quarrelling, wrangling. Obs.
| c 1325 Body & Soul in Map's Poems (1841) 342 Mid me to holde chide and cheste. |
† 2. An angry rebuke, a reproof. Obs. or arch.
| 1538 G. Browne To Ld. Cromwell in Phenix I. 123 The prior and the Dean..heed not my words: therefore send..a chide to them and their Canons. 1666 Bunyan Grace Ab. ¶174 A kind of chide for my proneness to desperation. |
3. transf. ‘Brawling’ (of streams). rare.
| 1730 Thomson Autumn 1265 The chide of streams And hum of bees. |