advise, v.
(ædˈvaɪz)
Forms: 3–6 avise, 4–5 avyse, 6 avize, 5–6 advyse, 6 advyce, 6–8 advice, 4– advise.
[a. Fr. avise-r:—late L. advīsāre, f. late L. advīsum view, opinion: see advice. Refash. in 5–6 after occ. MFr. spelling adviser.]
† 1. trans. To look at, view, observe, consider, watch; also, to watch for. Obs.
| 1297 R. Glouc. 558 He avisede þe ost suiþe wel. c 1386 Chaucer Doctor's T. 124 This juge his eyghen cast Upon this mayde, avysing hir ful fast. a 1450 Knt. de la Tour 55 The serpent avised her tyme whanne Eve was from her husbonde alone. 1529 Rastell Pastyme (1811) 172 He rode about the castell to advyse it. 1596 Spenser F.Q. ii. xii. 66 Abasht that her a straunger did avise. 1603 Holland Plutarch's Mor. 96 They advised you well and their eie was never off, wondering to see your rich purple robes. |
† b. absol. Obs.
| 1509 Barclay Shyp of Folys (1874) II. 29 Such ar so blynde that they can not aduyse. |
† c. To look to, provide for (cf. OFr. avisé, muni, doué, Godef.). Obs. rare.
| c 1420 Pallad. on Husb. v. 14 Hit doungeth landes lene, and beestes lorne For lene it fedeth uppe, and seek aviseth. |
† 2. causal. To make (one) observe (a thing); also, To bring (a thing) into view. Obs. (Cf. 10, 11.)
| c 1460 Towneley Myst. 61 My wand he bad, in thi present, I shuld lay downe, and the avyse How it shuld turne to oone serpent. 1557 Surrey Aeneid iv. 461 The troubled ghost doth fray me, and advise The wronged hed by me of my deare sonne, Whom I defraud of the Hisperian crown. |
† 3. To look at mentally; to consider, think of, think over, ponder. Obs.
| c 1374 Chaucer Boeth. (1868) 174 Yif þou wolt þan þenke and avisen þe prescience by whiche it knoweþ al[le] þinges. c 1460 Fortescue Absol. & Lim. Mon. (1714) 105 Hyt may than be advysed by the Counceile, hou such a person may be rewarded. 1578 T. N. tr. Conq. W. India 123 Advising them to be madde and stubborne in their opinion. 1677 A. Yarranton Eng. Improv. 18 He advises not his Creditors, but his own interest. |
b. Sc. Law. To consider together; to reconsider a verdict, to review or revise. (Also called ‘taking into avizandum.’)
| 1609 Skene Reg. Maj. 121 That the Judge advise the cause, and decerne, quhether that quhilk was admitted to probation, is sufficientlie proven, or not proven. 1863 Scotsman 16 Mar., Some time ago the case was again heard before both Divisions, and to-day it was advised. |
† 4. To devise, to purpose. Obs.
| c 1340 Gawayne & Green Knt. 45 With alle þe mete & þe mirþe þat men couþe a-vyse. 1483 Caxton Gold. Leg. 128/4 They that were enuyous durst not auyse on her ony euyl fame. 1586 Let. to Earl Leycester 2, I did therefore aduise to haue this my letter..to be ready. |
† 5. refl. To bethink oneself; take thought, consider, reflect. (Fr. s'aviser.) Const. of, on, upon, subord. clause; also inf. phr. implying caution. Obs. See also advised 1.
| 1297 R. Glouc. 547 Hii wende & auisede hom somdel vp an doun, That hii miȝte bewar of hor fon. c 1386 Chaucer Melib. 167 Ye moste auyse yow on it ful ofte. ― Shipman's T. 236 Therfor have I gret necessité Upon this queynte world to avyse me. 1393 Gower Conf. III. 234 Therfore a prince him shuld advise, Er that he fell in such riote. 1491 Caxton How to Die 1 Fewe there be that aduyse theym of theyr ende. 1557 N. T. (Genevan) Matt. xxi. 29 But afterwarde [he] aduised him selfe, and went. 1563 Homilies ii. xvii. iv. (1640) 235 Let us well advise our selves to advouch that certainly, whereof we have no good knowledge. 1601 Shakes. Twel. N. iv. ii. 102 Aduise you what you say; the minister is heere. 1623 Camden Rem. (1637) 124 When they shall better advise themselves..they will not presse mee ouer eagerly herein. [a 1656 Hales Gold. Rem. (1688) 99 When David advised with himself.] |
† 6. intr. (by omission of refl. pron.) To take thought, consider, reflect, ponder, deliberate. Obs.
| c 1374 Chaucer Troylus v. 1657 He gan to taken of it hede, Avysynge of the lengthe and of the brede. 1485 Caxton Paris & Vienne 30 He aduysed yf he lacked ony thynge. 1513 Douglas æneis viii. i. 46 Auising wele, quhou al this thing was wrocht. 1611 Bible 2 Sam. xxiv. 13 Now aduise, and see what answere I shall returne. a 1642 Quarles Glor. Cœli in Farr S.P. (1848) 139 When I behold, and well advise upon The wise man's speech. 1649 Evelyn Mem. (1857) III. 39 Please to advise to what persons you communicate the author of this intelligence, for he desires to be concealed. 1671 Milton Samson 326 Advise Forthwith how thou oughtst to receive him. |
Whence, by extension to a multitude,
7. To consider in company, to hold a consultation, to take counsel. Const. on, upon, of. Obs. exc. in to advise with: to consult with.
| 1513–75 Diurnal of Occurr. (1833) 88 The quenis majestie and counsell awysit thairvpone. 1623 Bingham Xenophon 121 The other Coronels said, they would aduise, and returne him answer. 1636 Healey Theophrastus' Charac. iv. 16 Who distrusting his friends and familiars, in serious affairs adviseth with his servants. 1641 in Rushworth Hist. Coll. iii. (1692) I. 310 To be read in full Parliament, and to be advised of by both Houses. 1722 Col. Records Penn. III. 158 Chiefly to advice with them on that Head. 1852 C. M. Yonge Cameos (1877) III. xiv. 121 Edward..merely told them that he must advise with his Council. |
8. absol. To offer counsel, as one of a consulting body; to give advice.
| 1375 Barbour Bruce ii. 298 As he awisyt, now have thai done. 1530 Palsgr. 441, I avyse, I rede or counsayle, Jaduise. 1611 Bible 1 Kings xii. 6 How doe you aduise, that I may answere this people? 1850 Lytton My Novel i. xi. 39 Mr. Hazeldean sowed and ploughed..very much as Mr. Stirn condescended to advise. |
9. trans. To give counsel to, to counsel, caution, warn. a. at first simply; then with subord. clause or inf.
| 1375 Barbour Bruce xvi. 134 Othir lordis that war him by Avisit the king. 1485 Caxton Chas. the Gt. 194 He was taken and not slayn..to thende that he shold be aduysed to byleue in Ihesu cryst. 1509 Fisher Serm. Wks. 1876, 292 An olde Gentylwoman..dyde aduyse her to commende herselfe to saynt Nycholas. 1593 T. Watson Sonnet v. (Arb.) 181 She..Aduised the boy what scandall it would bee. 1604 Marlowe Faustus vii. 80 Well use that trick no more I would advise you. 1713 Derham Physico-Theol. iii. iv. 82 Should we pretend to amend his work; Or to advise infinite Wisdom. 1860 Tyndall Glaciers i. §16, 104 My host advised me to avail myself of the promising weather. |
† b. to, from, against an action or course. Obs.
| 1483 Caxton G. de la Tour 128 To be auised and saued from velaine reproche. 1605 Shakes. Lear iii. vii. 9 Aduice the Duke..to a most festiuate preparation. 1699 Bentley Phalaris 480 [He] sprinkles a little dust among the Bees, advising them to milder counsels. 1734 tr. Rollin's Rom. Hist. (1827) II. 358 Crœsus took upon him to advise Cambyses against his conduct. 1779 Johnson L.P., Pope (1787) IV. 8 Walsh advised him to correctness. |
† c. with personal obj. understood and cl. or phr. retained, the latter becoming at length the obj. Obs.
| 1586 Let. to Earl Leycester 23 They durst not aduise any security to rest in any, no not in all of them. 1613 Shakes. Hen. VIII, i. i. 114 Loe, where comes that Rock That I aduice your shunning. 1728 T. Sheridan Persius iii. (1739) 47 In the next Place he advises to consider the End of our Creation. |
d. with objective of the thing.
| 1658–9 Sir H. Vane in Burton Diary (1828) IV. 183, I cannot advise it to be well for you. 1693 Mem. Count Teckely i. 51 Having been the first to advice the War. 1735 Pope Sat. i. 19 Celsus will advise Hartshorn, or something that shall close your eyes. 1798 Southey Sonnets xi. Wks. II. 95 Wisely was it he advised distrust. |
10. To give notice or intimation, to instruct, to inform, to apprise (a person). esp. To send (him) formal notice (of a transaction). Const. of, or subord. clause
| 1591 Shakes. Two Gent. iii. i. 122 Aduise me, where I may haue such a Ladder. 1622 R. Hawkins Voy. to S. Sea 229 My servants..advised me ordinarily of that which past. 1710 Steele Tatler No. 7 ¶7 The States are advised that the Auxiliaries of Saxony were arrived. 1855 Prescott Philip II (1857) i. 119 He advised the constable of this at once. 1879 Globe 17 Sept. 7/1 [He] advised the inspector that Gaydon had committed a murder. |
11. To give information of, announce (an event, transaction). (Commercial.)
| 1880 Echo 3 Mar., The manager..advises the landing of the first Palestine party. a 1891 Comm. Have these drafts been advised? |