proud--prophetes.ai

▪ I. proud, a. (n., adv.)
    (praʊd)
    Forms: see below.
    [Late OE. pr{uacu}t, pr{uacu}d = ON. pr{uacu}ð-r brave, gallant, magnificent, stately (whence Icel. pruður, MSw. prudh, MDa. prud); both prob. a. OF. prūd, prōd, nom. prūz, prōz (= *prūt-s, *prōt-s) valiant, doughty, gallant (11th c. in Godef.), in mod.F. preux = Prov. proz, pro, Cat. prou, It. prode valiant, Rhæto-Rom. prus pious:—late L. *prōd-is profitable, advantageous, useful (prōde neut. in Itala a 200); app. either the source of, or taken from, the first element of L. prōd-esse to be of value, be good. See also preux, prow a., and cf. pride.]
    A. Illustration of Forms.
    (α) 1–5 pr{uacu}t, 5 prute, 3–5 prout, -e, 5–6 prowte. compar. 4 prottore, -our, 5 prutter, -yr.

a 1050 Liber Scintill. xlvi. (1889) 152 Pryte heaᵹe utawyrpð & wiþerwyrdnyss prute [sublimes] ᵹenyþerude. a 1225 Ancr. R. 276 Eaðe meiht tu beon prut! c 1290 S. Eng. Leg. I. 225/197 Oure maister was so prout, Lucefer, for his fairhede, þat he ful sone out. 1297 R. Glouc. (Rolls) 9539 King stefne was þe boldore & þe prottore [v.r. prottour] uor þis cas. c 1440 Eng. Conq. Irel. 57 Ne for no good chaunce, he was not the Pruttyr [v.r. prutter]. Ibid. 145 Spare the meke, and wreke Ham on the Prowte. c 1440 Gesta Rom. lxv. 280 (Harl. MS.) And when he was this i-hyed, he wex prout. 1553 Respublica (Brandl) v. vii. 17 Zo thieke prowte howrecop.

(β) 1–4 pr{uacu}d, 4–6 prude, (4–5 prode), 4–6 proude, 4–7 prowd(e, 4– proud. compar. 3 pruder, prudder, 5 prodder. superl. 3 prudest, 4 pruddest, proddest, 5 pruddist.

c 1000 in Napier O.E. Gloss. 226/233 Arrogantes, modiᵹ: vel prud. c 1175 Lamb. Hom. 57 Prud ne wreiere ne beo þu noht. a 1225 Ancr. R. 296 He is þinge prudest, and him is scheome loðest. c 1330 R. Brunne Chron. (1810) 289 Þe proude kyng Pharaon, þat chaced Israel. c 1350 Will. Palerne 2942 Þe proddest of hem alle. 13.. E.E. Allit. P. B. 1300 Þe pruddest of þe province. Ibid. 1772 Þe prowde prynce of Perce. 13.. Cursor M. 2415 (Cott.) Fra þaa prude folk had hir sen. Ibid. 27571 Oft bitides þat man es Bicummen prode for halines. a 1400–50 Alexander 4375 Þe playne purperyn see full of prode fischis. c 1400 Destr. Troy 2743 The pruddist of payone, prise men of honde. a 1450 Myrc 1129 Hast þou.. þe prodder þe mad, For any ofyce þat þow hast had? 1535 Coverdale Job xxxv. 12 Because of the wickednesse off proude tyrauntes.

    B. Signification.
    Senses 6 and 7 come nearest to the OF. and ON. The unfavourable sense, so early in Eng., may be due to the aspect in which a Norman prud barun or prode chevalier presented himself to the English peasant or townsman. (Cf. the two senses of L. superbus.)
    I. 1. a. Having or cherishing a high or lofty opinion of oneself; valuing oneself highly on account of one's position, rank, attainments, possessions, etc.; Usually in a bad sense: Disposed to take an attitude of superiority to and contempt for others; arrogant, haughty, overweening, supercilious.

a 1050 Liber Scintill. xvii. (1889) 85 Sawl prutes byð forlaeten. c 1175 Lamb. Hom. 5 Ne beo þu þereuore prud ne wilde. Ibid. 43 Prud heo wes swiðe and modi. c 1290 Beket 980 in S. Eng. Leg. I. 134 [He] is prouȝt and conteckor. 1362 Langl. P. Pl. A. iii. 172 Ne to depraue þi persone with a proud herte. 1484 Caxton Fables of æsop iv. xx, None ought to be prowd ageynst his lord, but ought to humble hym self toward hym. 1526 Pilgr. Perf. (W. de W. 1531) 18 Some be as proude as Nabugodonosor. 1560 J. Daus tr. Sleidane's Comm. 119 They are as bragge and as proude as pecockes. 1613 E. Hoby Countersnarle 54 Hee was a proud insolent Delegate. 1711 Swift Jrnl. to Stella 20 Nov., Lord Strafford is as proud as Hell. 1782 F. Burney Cecilia ix. vi, They say he's as proud as Lucifer. 1784 Cowper Task vi. 96 Knowledge is proud that he has learned so much; Wisdom is humble that he knows no more. 1820 Byron Mar. Fal. ii. i. 210 The vile are only vain; the great are proud. 1841 W. Spalding Italy & It. Isl. II. 16 Claims not less arrogant than those of the proudest popes in the middle ages. 1859 Tennyson Geraint & Enid 347 Turn, Fortune, turn thy wheel and lower the proud.

b. Const. of (the thing, quality, action, etc. which constitutes the ground of pride). See also 2.

1422 tr. Secreta Secret., Priv. Priv. 154 Haue knowynge of thy-Selfe, and be not Prute of so hey vyrchipp. c 1510 More Picus Wks. 17/2 If thou haste receiued it: why arte thou prowde therof, as thoughe thou haddst not receiued it. 1593 Shakes. 2 Hen. VI, iv. x. 77 Iden farewell, and be proud of thy victory. 1616 R. C. Times' Whistle iii. 959 Most of our women are extreamly proud Of their faire lookes. 1707 Norris Treat. Humility vii. 317 If a man were to be proud of anything, it should be what the angels were proud of,..their intellectual endowments. 1809–10 Coleridge Friend (1865) 140, I should be more inclined to be ashamed than proud of myself if they had. 1859 Geo. Eliot A. Bede ii, An ornament of which she was much prouder than of her red cheeks.

c. Preceded by a n. in comb. = proud of...

1682, etc. [see purse-proud]. 1863 W. C. Baldwin Afr. Hunting viii. 354, I could make four or five spans of..good and well-matched oxen..and I am now becoming a little ox-proud. 1904 Globe 27 Oct. 4/4 No one can prevent the woman who is jewel-proud..from bedecking herself with gems on every possible and a few impossible occasions.

2. Highly sensible of, or elated by, some honour done to one; feeling oneself greatly honoured by some act, fact, or relation; taking pride or having high satisfaction in something; in early use (as still in dial.) sometimes merely = gratified, pleased, glad. Often const. of, or with inf.

c 1250 Gen. & Ex. 1414 Wið gold, and siluer, and wið srud, Ðis sonde made ðe mayden prud. 1377 Langl. P. Pl. B. xiii. 59 Pacience was proude of þat propre seruice, And made hym muirth with his mete. c 1400 Destr. Troy 262 Pelleus of the proffer was proude at his hert. 1593 Shakes. Rich. II, iii. iii. 191 Faire Cousin, you debase your Princely Knee, To make the base Earth prowd with kissing it. 1677 Dryden Apol. Heroic Poetry Ess. (Ker) I. 182 The author of the Plain Dealer, whom I am proud to call my friend. 1781 Cowper Charity 308 A divine ambition, and a zeal, The boldest patriot might be proud to feel. 1784 Burns ‘There was a lad’ iv, He'll be a credit to us a', We'll a' be proud o' Robin. 1902 Ld. Kitchener in Westm. Gaz. 30 July 5/1 This..will, I am sure, be well understood by the Army I have been so proud to command. 1938 M. K. Rawlings Yearling viii. 69 Be proud things come so bountiful. Ibid. xv. 163 I'd be proud to eat breakfast before I go. 1949 H. Hornsby Lonesome Valley xxiii. 302 I'm just as proud to see you..as if you was one of my own young 'uns! 1951 H. Giles Harbin's Ridge x. 99, I was sure proud Granny was there that day.

3. Having a becoming sense of what is due to or worthy of oneself or one's position; unwilling to stoop to what is beneath one; characterized by lofty self-respect; feeling or showing a proper pride.

1738 Pope Epil. Sat. ii. 205 F. You're strangely proud. P. So proud, I am no Slave: So impudent, I own myself no Knave. 1761 Gray Sketch 1 Too poor for a bribe and too proud to importune. 1828 Carlyle Misc., Burns (1857) I. 233 Many a poet has been poorer than Burns; but no one was ever prouder. 1833 Tennyson Lady Clara Vere de Vere ii, Your pride is yet no mate for mine, Too proud to care from whence I came.

4. transf. Of actions, etc.: Proceeding from or indicating pride; arrogant, haughty, presumptuous; arising from lofty self-respect.

1390 Gower Conf. II. 379 Ther was..many a proud word spoke also. 1535 Coverdale Prov. vi. 17 There be sixe thinges, which the Lorde hateth... A proude loke, a dyssemblynge tonge [etc.]. 1701 Stanley's Hist. Philos., Biog. 9 This Philosophy [the Stoick] has..charmed a World of People by its Proud and Ostentatious Principles. 1790 Cowper Mother's Picture 110 Higher far my proud pretensions rise—The son of parents pass'd into the skies. 1853 tr. F. Bremer's Homes New World II. xxvii. 311 The Indians, like the Greenlanders, look down upon the white race with proud contempt.

5. That is ground or cause of pride; of which one is or may be proud (now usually in good sense); affording high satisfaction or gratification.

a 1340 Hampole Psalter xix. 8 Þai ere on heghe, and has þaire delite in proude honurs and vayn. a 1577 Gascoigne Herbs, Weeds, etc. Wks. (1587) 304 Not one of these rebuketh avarice And yet procureth prowd pluralities. c 1600 Shakes. Sonn. xxv, Let those..Of publike honour and proud titles bost. 1746–7 Hervey Medit. (1767) I. 57 (Tombs) Where is Honour, with her proud Trophies of Renown? 1831 Lamb Elia Ser. ii. Ellistoniana, One proud day to me he took his roast mutton with us in the Temple. 1840 Dickens Barn. Rudge xlviii, ‘It is a proud sight’, said the secretary. 1868 Freeman Norm. Conq. II. vii. 44 The proud inheritance of their stainless loyalty.

II. 6. As a poetic or rhetorical epithet. a. Of persons, their name, etc.: Of exalted station, of high degree, of lofty dignity; lordly.

a 1250 Prov. ælfred 5 in O.E. Misc. 102 Eorles prute, knyhtes egleche. c 1374 Chaucer Anel. & Arc. 147 A noþere ladye proude and nuwe. c 1425 Wyntoun Cron. iv. viii. 1148 Donald-Erchsone-Heggeboud King wes xiiii. winter provd. 1599 Shakes. Much Ado iii. i. 50 Nature neuer fram'd a womans heart, Of prowder stuffe then that of Beatrice. 1742 Gray Spring ii, How low, how little are the Proud. 1805 Scott Last Minstr. vi. i, High though his titles, proud his name, Boundless his wealth as wish can claim. 1854 C. Rossetti Poems (1904) 180/1 In the grave will be no space For the purple of the proud.

b. Of things: Stately, majestic, magnificent, grand, ‘gallant’, splendid. (Referring to aspect.)

c 1290 S. Eng. Leg. I. 301/41 A noble churche huy founden þare, with walles faire and proute. a 1300 Cursor M. 3249 Ring and broche war selli prude. c 1400 Destr. Troy 435 With pelur and pall & mony proude rynges. 1530 Palsgr. 321/2 Prowde or stately, fier. 1602 Marston Antonio's Rev. iii. ii, Tis not yet prowde day: The neat gay mist[r]es of the light's not vp. 1678 Wood Life 28 June (O.H.S.) II. 410 The ruins..do shew that it hath been a verie statelie and proud fabrick. 1794 Mrs. Radcliffe Myst. Udolpho xv, And through the waters view on high The proud ships sail, and gay clouds move. 1840 Thirlwall Greece VII. lv. 91 Ecbatana..one of the proudest cities of the ancient world.

† c. transf. Highly pleasing (to other senses), ‘grand’. Obs. rare.

c 1375 Sc. Leg. Saints vii. (Jacobus minor) 705 Persawand prowd sawoure þare Of sottyne [sodden] flesche.

7. Characterized by great vigour, force, or vitality, such as indicates or suggests pride: in various applications. † a. Of warriors (or their acts): Valiant, brave; mighty; esp. in phr. proud in pres (prece), valiant in conflict (see press n.¹ 1 b).

c 1320 Sir Tristr. 57 To Marke þe king þai went Wiþ kniȝtes proude in pres. c 1400 Destr. Troy 2132 To purvey a pepull pruddest of werre. Ibid. 6719 Preset hym with payne, & with proude strokes. c 1420 Avow. Arth. xlvii, Thenne he wente to the dece, Be-fore the pruddust in prece. 1523 Ld. Berners Froiss. I. ccl. 371 The ii squiers within were right hardy and prowde. 1591 Coningsby Jrnl. Siege Rouen in Camden Misc. I. 58 Thus have you the most prowd sally that any capten here can tell of to their memorie. 1697 Dryden Virg. Georg. iv. 27 The youthful Prince, with proud allarm, Calls out the vent'rous Colony to swarm.

b. Of animals: Spirited, high-mettled; marked by vigorous and fearless activity; moving with force and dignity. (Chiefly poet.)

c 1407 Lydg. Reson & Sens. 3714 Bestys that be proude: As boors, lippardys, and lyouns. 1588 Shakes. Tit. A. ii. ii. 21, I haue dogges my Lord, Will rouze the proudest Panther in the Chase. 1667 Milton P.L. iv. 858 The Fiend repli'd not,..But like a proud Steed reind, went hautie on, Chaumping his iron curb. 1780 Cowper Table-Talk 523 Give me the line that ploughs its stately course Like a proud swan, conquering the stream by force.

c. Of the sea or a stream: Swelling, swollen, high, strong, in flood.

1535 Coverdale Job xxxviii. 11 Here shalt thou laye downe thy proude and hye wawes. 1590 Shakes. Mids. N. ii. i. 91 Which falling in the Land, Hath euerie petty Riuer made so proud, That they haue ouer-borne their Continents. 1611 Bible Ps. cxxiv. 5 Then the proud waters had gone ouer our soule. 1828 Buchan Ballads N. Scot. I. 247 The wind was loud, the stream was proud, And wi' the stream gaed Willie. 1894 Field 1 Dec. 838/1 In the big rivers of upper Sweden and Norway, the grayling lives in the turmoil and ‘proud’ water.

d. Of organic structures: Overgrown, exuberant, too luxuriant; swelling or swollen, tumid. (a) Said of the sap: Swelling; rising or circulating vigorously; also, said locally of plants, or parts of them, as buds, shoots, grain. (See also winter-proud.) (b) Applied to overgrown flesh in a healing wound: see also proud flesh.

[1586 A. Day Eng. Secretary ii. (1625) 78 Metaphora..as if we should say..corne by the stately length and weighty eare it carrieth, to be proud.] 1593 Shakes. Rich. II, iii. iv. 59 As we..wound the Barke, the skin of our Fruit-trees, Least being ouer-proud with Sap and Blood, With too much riches it confound it selfe. 1607 Topsell Four-f. Beasts (1658) 219 Used by Physitians for taking down of proud swelling wounds. 1648 Markham Housew. Gard. iii. x. (1668) 79 Now sap in flowers is strong and proud. 1664 Evelyn Sylva 32 About the beginning of March (when the buds begin to be proud and turgid). 1764 Museum Rust. III. xxxiv. 152 Ten acres of wheat, which, after Christmas, seemed proud. 1825 Brockett N.C. Gloss., Proud, luxuriant. ‘Corn's varra proud.’ 1844 Stephens Bk. Farm II. 515 If the winter has been open and mild, the autumn-wheat plant will have grown luxuriantly,..so..that it may have become proud, that is, in a precocious state of forwardness for the season. 1970 Country Life 1 Oct. 856/1 Your case is the same as that of the farmer who sows his winter wheat too early; by the time the cold weather arrives the crop is ‘proud’—too lush and forward.

8. a. Sensually excited; ‘swelling’, lascivious. ? Obs.

1590 Spenser F.Q. i. x. 26 In ashes and sackcloth he did array His daintie corse, proud humors to abate. 1593 Shakes. Lucr. 712 The flesh being proud, Desire doth fight with grace. 1641 Hinde J. Bruen vii. 27 Who having made their flesh proud by pampering, do now..cast off all feare of God.

b. spec. Of certain female animals, as bitches, mares, elephants: In a state of sexual excitement; ‘in heat’. ? Obs.

1575 Turberv. Venerie vii. 17 A fayre Bitch..the whiche you may make to goe proude in this wyse. 1590 Cokaine Treat. Hunting B iij b, A Brach is..nine daies full proude. 1615 tr. De Monfart's Surv. E. Indies 17 To take them [wild elephants]..they make vse of a female, when shee goeth proud, in her heate [etc.]. 1727 Bradley Fam. Dict. I. Ee j b/2 Make Broth thereof and of this give her some twice or thrice, and she will infallibly grow proud. 1781 P. Beckford Hunting (1802) 62 Watch over the bitches with a cautious eye, and separate such as are going to be proud, before it be too late.

9. orig. dial. or local. ‘Large; projecting in any direction; of a roof: high-pitched’; also ‘said of a fulcrum when it is placed too near the lever end’ (E.D.Dw); also techn.: slightly raised or projecting; and see quots.

1825 Jamieson, Proud, applied to a projection in a hay⁓stack, during the act of rearing it, whence it needs dressing in a particular quarter. 1857 P. Colquhoun Comp. ‘Oarsman's Guide’ 13 It has been the custom to fill oars very square, to make them row proud; but there are few men capable of enduring proud oars for any length of time..not rowing the stroke out is attributable to these proud fillings. 1886 S.W. Linc. Gloss. s.v., ‘The nails [in a horseshoe] stand out too proud’; ‘The board's a bit too proud, it wants spoke-shaving off.’ a 1909 Mod., ‘You are too proud’: said of or to a person who, trying to raise something with a crowbar or other lever, places the point too far under the object to be lifted (= too far beyond the fulcrum). 1960 R. C. Bell Board & Table Games vii. 172 The inlay pieces..were fitted into them [sc. recesses], leaving an excess standing proud. 1971 P. Audemars Stolen like Magic Away vi. 92 The exposed rails of the track..stand proud and quite high above the flints. 1974 Good Motoring July/Aug. 18/2 The horn push, sited right across the central spoke of the steering wheel, is well proud of the spoke and this gives rise to occasional, accidental blasts.

10. Phrases. a. proud tailor: a local name for the goldfinch, from its showy plumage.

1770 D. Barrington in Archæologia (1775) III. 33 A gold⁓finch still continues to be called a proud tailor in some parts of England. 1829 Glover's Hist. Derby I. 151 Fringilla Carduelis, Goldfinch, Thistle-Finch, Proud Tailor. 1876–82 Yarrell's Brit. Birds (ed. 4) II. 118 note, In some of the Midland counties it is termed ‘Proud Tailor’.

b. to do (a person) proud (colloq.): to make proud, confer an honour upon, gratify highly.

1819 Metropolis I. 220 ‘You do me proud’, said the general. 1837 Thackeray Ravenswing i, Madam, you do me proud. 1884 Milnor (Dakota) Teller 22 Aug., The people of Milnor have done themselves proud in building a school house. 1899 Daily News 1 June 6/4 The sun did himself proud... For once the tents were not actually crammed throughout the afternoon.

† c. to make it proud: to behave proudly or haughtily. Obs. (See make v.¹ 68 b.)

c 1460 Towneley Myst. xxx. 263 She can make it full prowde with iapes and with gynnes. 14.. Tundale's Vis. 486 Þis hogy best..His sette to swolo covetous men Þat in erþe makyȝt hit prowd and towȝe.

† C. as n. Obs.
1. A proud person; one of high degree.

c 1400 Destr. Troy 13696 Pirrus with that proude presit to þe temple, Weddit þat worthi, & as wif held. 1535 Stewart Cron. Scot. (Rolls) II. 24 Wes neuir proud of sic auctoritie Moir wirschip wan. a 1586 in Pinkerton Anc. Scot. Poems (1786) 190 He luifit that prowde in paramouris.

2. Pride. rare. (Prude (ü) was also early southern ME. spelling of pryde, pride.)

c 1440 Gesta Rom. i. 4 (Harl. MS.) Alle þat is in þe wordle oþer it is fals couetise of flesch, or fals couetise of yen, or prowde of lif.

D. as adv. Proudly, in a proud manner (in various senses).

13.. Cursor M. 28515 Lucheri has don me scrud Me-self and bere my bodi prud. c 1425 Cast. Persev. 1793 in Macro Plays 130 Heyl, prinse, proude prekyd in palle! 1534 More Treat. Passion Wks. 1272/2 Men maye call hym a foole that beareth hymselfe prowde, because he ietteth about in a borowed gown. 1857 [see 9 above].

E. Comb. a. parasynthetic, as proud-arsed, proud-blooded, proud-crested, proud-lidded, proud-minded, proud-necked, proud-paced, proud-pillared, proud-plumed, proud-quivered, proud-spirited, proud-stomached, proud-visaged: see also proud-hearted. b. adverbial, as proud-arching, proud-blind (blinded by pride), proud-exulting, proud-fed, proud-glancing, † proud-pied (proudly or splendidly variegated), † proud-pight, proud-prancing.

1919 A. Huxley in Coterie Sept. 61 The swan's *proud-arching opulent loveliness.

1952 Auden Nones 56 When the *proud-arsed broad-shouldered break and run.

1599 Broughton's Let. ix. 32 Put on your spectacles you purblind and *proud-blind Pharisee.

1759 Mason Caractacus Poems (1774) 261 *Proud-crested soldier! 1944 Blunden Shells by Stream 57 And look, those birds with perfect ease, Proud-crested.

1796 Poetry in New Ann. Reg. 168 To leave him, *proud-exulting in his pains.

1929 Blunden Near & Far 37 A *proud-fed but a puny rill.

1948 C. Day Lewis Poems 1943–47 88 Palpable calm, visible reticence, *Proud-lidded water.

1596 Shakes. Tam. Shr. ii. i. 132, I am as peremptorie as she *proud minded.

1934 T. S. Eliot Rock ii. 75 Yet they walk in the street *proudnecked, like thoroughbreds ready for races.

1616 Marlowe's Faust. Wks. (Rtldg.) 120/2 On a *proud-pac'd steed, as swift as thought.

c 1600 Shakes. Sonn. xcviii, When *proud pide Aprill (drest in all his trim) Hath put a spirit of youth in euery thing. 1912 C. Mackenzie Carnival xlii. 373 When April pauses to survey her handiwork, assuming in the contemplation of the proud pied earth the warmth and maturity of midsummer.

c 1400 Laud Troy Bk. 11191 Many a *proude pight pynacle Stode a-boute that tabernacle.

1949 Blunden After Bombing 9 With a sounding *proud-plumed company By a glittering sea.

1901 L. F. Begbie in Academy 28 Sept. 258/1 *Proud-prancing æschylean words.

1838 Dickens Nich. Nick. xiii, *Proud-stomached teachers.

1844 J. R. Lowell in Graham's Mag. July 15 Though these *proud-visaged hopes, once turned to fly, Hurl backward many a deadly Parthian dart.

▪ II. † proud, v. Obs.
[OE. pr{uacu}tian, ME. prouden, f. pr{uacu}t proud a.]
1. intr. To be proud; to behave proudly.

a 1000 Aldhelm Gloss. 1161 in Napier O.E. Gloss. 32/1 Fastu, .i. elatione, prutunge. c 1000 Corp. Chr. Coll. Cambr. MS. 191, 29 Þæt hi wyllon modiᵹᵹan oððe prutian. Ibid. 168 Hwanon hi modiᵹian maᵹon oððe prutian. c 1325 Deo Gratias 18 in E.E.P. (1862) 129 A noþur Mon proudeþ as doþ a poo. 1382 Wyclif Job xv. 20 Alle his daȝis the vnpitous man proudeth. a 1618 Sylvester Henry Gt. 117 There prowdeth Pow'r, here Prowesse brighter shines.

b. To be lively or wanton. (Cf. proud a. 8.)

c 1330 Arth. & Merl. 264 Mirie time is Auerille..Ȝong man wexeþ jolif, & þan proudeþ man & wiif.

2. trans. To make proud; to puff up with pride.

c 1425 St. Mary of Oignies ii. ii. in Anglia VIII. 153/12 Nor she was depressed wiþ reproues ne prouded wiþ hir preisynges. 1606 Warner Alb. Eng. xvi. cii. 403 Yee whom Nature hath or Fortune prowded. 1606 Sylvester Du Bartas ii. iv. ii. Trophies 1333 As Sin breeds Sin, and Husband marr's the Wife, Sister prouds Sister, Brother hardens Brother, And one Companion doth corrupt another.

Hence † ˈprouded ppl. a., made proud, over-swollen; † ˈprouder, ? one who behaves proudly.

1602 Warner Alb. Eng. ix. lii. 236 The prouded Flesh from sins excesse to waine. 1565 W. Allen Def. Cath. Doctr. Purgatory ii. viii. 191 Goddes Churche..hathe by the spirite of God beaten downe your proudders, the Arrians: the Macedonians: the Anabaptistes. 1577 Fulke Confut. Purg. 298 [quoting prec.] Our prowders the Arians.