▪ I. hæmorrhoid1, hemorrhoid
(ˈhɛmərɔɪd)
Usually in pl. Forms (pl.): 4–5 emeraudes, emeroudis, 5 emerowdys, 6 em(e)rodes, emor(r)oydes, (-ades), hemerrhoydes, 6–7 heme-, hemoroids, -oydes, 7 em(e)rods, emroids, hemrods, -roids, hæmrods, hemorroids, hemorrods, 8 hæmorroids, hæmorhoids, 7– hæm-, hemorrhoids. (See also emerods.) β. in Gr.-Lat. form hæmorrhoides (-ˈrəʊɪdiːz), etc.
[a. OF. emoroyde (13th c. in Godef. Suppl.), in 16th c. hemorrhoïdes (Paré), ad. L. hæmorrhoida (Pliny), ad. Gr. αἱµορρο{giumlacu}ς, accus. sing. αἱµορρο{giumlacu}δα, adj. ‘discharging blood’, pl. αἱµορρο{giumlacu}δες (sc. ϕλέβες) veins liable to discharge blood, bleeding piles; deriv. of αἱµόρρο-ος flowing with blood, f. αἱµο- blood- + -ροος flowing. Cf. It. emmorroide, Sp. hemorro{iacu}de, -{iacu}da.]
1. pl. A disease characterized by tumours of the veins about the anus; = piles, q.v. Rarely sing. One of such tumours, a pile.
| 1398 Trevisa Barth. De P.R. vi. xxii. (Tollem. MS.), Slymi water and glewy..heleþ emeroudis [emeroidas curat]. a 1400, etc. [see emerods]. 1533 Elyot Cast. Helthe (1541) 30 a, The grene leaves [of Rosemary] bruysed doo stoppe the hemorroides. 1541 R. Copland Guydon's Quest. Chirurg. Q iij, Yf he hath nat had the emorroydes. 1552 Huloet, Hemeroydes or pyles in the fundment. 1578 Lyte Dodoens i. v. 11 The roote..healeth the inwarde Hemerrhoydes. 1608 Topsell Serpents (1658) 739 It is good also against the Hemroids and Piles. 1616 Surfl. & Markh. Country Farme 51 To stay the excessiue flux of the Hemorrhoids. 1634 Harington Salerne's Regim. 3 The Hemoroids and Fistula shall graeve him. 1651 Biggs New Disp. ¶288 Ulcers begotten of the hæmorrhoides. 1691 Ray Creation i. (R.), To give ease and relief in several pains and diseases, particularly in that of the internal hæmorrhoids. a 1707 Bp. Patrick Autobiog. (1839) 28 This brought upon me the hoemaroides. 1872 T. G. Thomas Dis. Women (ed. 3) 123 Painful hæmorrhoids. 1877 Roberts Handbk. Med. (ed. 3) I. 26 The formation of hæmorrhoids as the result of sedentary occupations. |
† 2. pl. = Hæmorrhoidal veins. Obs. [So in F.]
| c 1400 Lanfranc's Cirurg. 289 Emoroides ben veines þat endiþ in a mannes ers & ben .v. 1533 Elyot Cast Helthe iii. x. (R.), Hemorroides be vaynes in the foundement. 1541 [see hæmorrhoidal 2]. |
3. attrib. or as adj. = hæmorrhoidal.
| 1601 Holland Pliny II. 170 They will stanch bloud, [if] it..issue by the hæmorrhoid veins. |
Hence ˌhæmorrhoiˈdectomy, the surgical removal of hæmorrhoids.
| 1917 V. C. David in Surg. Clinics Chicago I. 543 (title) Local anesthesia for hemorrhoidectomy. Ibid. 552 Infiltration anesthesia with novocain offers a safe and technically simple method for hemorrhoidectomy. 1949 M. Lowry Let. Oct. (1967) 182 I'm glad you're better now after your operation—the combination of a haemorrhoidectomy with a Catholic institution sounds sadistic. 1967 S. Taylor et al. Short Textbk. Surg. xxiii. 319 In third degree piles.., haemorrhoidectomy is indicated. |
▪ II. † hæmorrhoid2 Obs.
Also hæmorrhe, and in Lat. form hæmorrhoïs, -rhus.
[ad. L. hæmorrhoïs, -ïdem (Pliny), a kind of poisonous serpent, a. Gr. αἱµορρο{giumlacu}ς: etym. as in prec. The forms hæmorrhe and -rhus go back upon med.L. hæmorrhous (Du Cange), Gr. αἱµόρροος.]
A serpent whose bite was fabled to cause unstanchable bleeding.
| 1398 Trevisa Barth. De P.R. xviii. x. (1495) 763 Emorois is a maner adder, and hath that name, for he suckyth the blood of hym that he smyteth. 1601 Holland Pliny II. 150 A singular counterpoison..against al serpents, but principally the Hæmorrhoids and the Salamanders. 1608 Topsell Serpents (1658) 731 Of the Hæmorrhe. This Serpent..is called in Latine, Hæmorrhous, to signifie unto us the male, and Hæmorrhois, to signifie the female. 1627 May Lucan ix. (1631) 814 In scaly folds the great Hæmorrhus lyes. 1635 Swan Spec. M. (1670) 440 The wounds of the Hæmorrhois procure unstanchable bleeding. 1774 Goldsm. Nat. Hist. IV. 126 The Hæmorrhois, so called from the hæmorrhages which its bite is said to produce. |