▪ I. † surbate, n. Obs.
Also 6–7 surbat.
[f. surbate v.]
Soreness of the feet or hoofs caused by walking; foot-soreness.
| 1587 L. Mascall Govt. Cattle, Horses (1627) 118 By that meanes hee may saue his horse often-times from danger of surbat. 1645 ‘Martin-Marpriest’ Martin's Eccho 16 You remember how the Bishops poasted you furiously too and fro like Iehu.., untill with foundring and surbates they had even wearied you of your lives. 1725 Fam. Dict. s.v. Horse Feeder, If the Feeder finds his Horse subject to Lameness or Stiffness, to Surbate or Tenderness of Feet. 1805 James Milit. Dict. (ed. 2). |
▪ II. † surbate, v.1 Obs. rare.
[ad. OF. surbatre (see surbated) to beat excessively.]
intr. ? To bear down heavily on.
| c 1450 Merlin 531 Agravain hadde so chaced and Gaheries xx saisnes that thei surbated on Pignoras that com with an hundred saisnes. |
▪ III. † surbate, v.2 Obs.
Also 6–8 -bait, 7 -beat(e.
[Back-formation from surbated. Cf. next.]
1. trans. To bruise or make sore (the hoofs or feet) with excessive walking; to make (an animal or person) foot-sore.
| 1590 Spenser F.Q. iii. iv. 34 Least they..should..surbate sore Their tender feet vpon the stony ground. 1607 Markham Caval. iii. (1617) 7 His own waight beating vpon the hard earth, would both surbate and bring him to an incurable lamenesse. 1611 Speed Hist. Gt. Brit. ix. xx. §47 The Rebels..whom King Henry..suffered..to..surbate themselves with a long march. 1660 Blount Boscobel 29 Which contributed much towards the surbating and galling His Majesties Feet. 1707 Mortimer Husb. (1721) I. 232 Chalky Land surbates..Oxens Feet more than any other Soil. |
| absol. 1615 Jackson Creed iv. ii. i. §4 Softest waies in moist winters surbeate the sorest in dry Summers. |
2. intr. for pass. To become foot-sore.
| 1590 Cockaine Treat. Hunting C 4, Who so hunteth vnbreathed hounds at the Bucke first in hot weather, causeth them to imbost and surbate greatly. 1610 Markham Masterp. ii. xci. 378 If your horse surbate in your trauell. 1614 ― Cheap Husb. ii. i. (1668) 70 Horned Cattel in Lincolnshire are..strong hoved, not apt to surbait. 1725 Fam. Dict. s.v. Hoof, That Horse..will not carry a Shoe long, nor travel far, but soon surbate. |
▪ IV. † surbate, pa. pple. and ppl. a. Obs. rare.
Forms: 5 surbat, 6 surbet, -beate
[ad. OF. surbatu (see next).]
= next.
| 1496 [see surbated b, a 1450]. 1590 Spenser F.Q. ii. ii. 22 As when a Beare and Tygre..Espye a traueiler with feet surbet. 1598 Bp. Hall Sat. v. ii. 20 Thy right eye gins to leape for vain delight And surbeate toes to tickle at the sight. |