▪ I. arise, v.
(əˈraɪz)
Forms: inf. 1 ar-, ar{iacu}s-an, 2–4 aris-en, 3– arise, 4–5 aryse. pa. tense 5– arose; also 1–4 ar-, arás, 3–5 aros, 4–5 aroos, 5 aroose, 7 occas. aris (əˈrɪz). pa. pple. 1– arisen (əˈrɪz(ə)n); also 4 arisè, arysè, 6–8 arose.
[f. a- prefix 1 up, out, away + rise; = to ‘rise up,’ intensive of rise; cf. L. exorīri. An OTeut. comp.; in Goth. us-, ur- reisan, OHG. ur-, ar-, ir-rîsan, OS. arîsan. Northumbrian preserved ar-r{iacu}san, ar-rás, etc. Obs. 3rd sing. pres. arist = ariseth. The pa. tense aris in 17th c, was formed on pa. pple.: cf. obs. writ, and extant bit; the pa. pple. arose was assimilated to pa. tense: cf. abode, shone. Now almost superseded in ordinary language by the simple rise, in all senses, exc. those in branch III, of which 17–18are the ordinary prose uses of the word. Still used poetically in senses 1–9; 10–13 seem entirely obs.]
I. To get up from sitting, lying, repose.
1. To get up from sitting or kneeling, to stand up. arch.: see rise.
| c 1000 ælfric Gen. xviii. 16 Ða arison ða þri weras. 1205 Lay. 30841 Þat folc..arisen from heore seten. c 1230 Ancr. R. 34 Ariseð þeonne & biginneð þesne antefne. 1297 R. Glouc. 369 Þys hey men..Knely to God..Ac be hii aryse, & abbeþ yturnd fram þe wened her wombe, Wolues dede hii nymeþ vorþ. c 1450 Lonelich Grail xxxv. 93 A-rys and go with me. 1593 Shakes. 3 Hen. VI, ii. ii. 61 Edward Plantagenet, arise a Knight. 1611 Bible John xiv. 31 Arise, let us go hence. 1779 J. Moore View Soc. II. liv. 49 All the audience..immediately arise, and remain in a standing posture till their sovereign sit down. 1808 Scott Marm. vi. xii, I dub thee knight. Arise, Sir Ralph, De Wilton's heir. |
† Hence in transf. and fig. senses; as (a) Of a court: To suspend sittings for the time, to adjourn. (b) Of a thing: To erect itself on end (as hair). Obs.
| c 1385 Chaucer L.G.W. 831 And pale he wex, therwith his heer [v.r. herte; see 7] aroos [v.r. a-ros, roos]. a 1649 Winthrop Hist. New Eng. (1853) II. 279 The court being about to arise he desired leave for a little speach. |
† 2. To get up from a fall. Also transf. and fig.
| c 885 K. ælfred Gregory's Past. lviii. 443 He swa micle stranglicor arise swa he hefiᵹlicor afeoll. c 1175 Lamb. Hom. 49 Þa þe liggeð inne swilc sunne and ne þencheð noht for to arisen. 1205 Lay. 9427 Þus Portcheestre to-ræs and nauere seoððen aras. 1340 Ayenb. 50 Huanne þe kempe heþ his uelaȝe yueld..wel onneaþe he arist. c 1386 Chaucer Pars. T. ¶999 As ofte as he falleth he may arise [v.r. arrise, aryse] agayn by penitence. 1605 Shakes. Lear i. iv. 99 Come sir, arise, away! 1667 Milton P.L. i. 330 Awake, arise, or be for ever fall'n. |
3. To get up from sleep or rest. arch.: see rise.
| c 950 Lindisf. Gosp. Matt. ii. 20 Arris and onfoh ðone cnæht. c 1000 ælfric Gen. xxviii. 18 On morȝen he aras. c 1175 Lamb. Hom. 39 Ne beo eow noht lað to arisene er dei. c 1300 K. Alis. 5760 Kyng Alisaunder amorowe arist. 1340 Ayenb. 52 Þet uolk þet..late guoþ to bedde and ariseþ late. c 1450 Lonelich Grail xvi. 29 Erly on the morwe, whanne þe kyng aros. 1535 Coverdale Prov. vi. 9 Whan wilt thou aryse out of thy slepe? 1604 Shakes. Oth. i. i. 89 Arise, arise, Awake the snorting Cittizens with the Bell. 1762 Goldsm. Nash 232 Nash generally arose early in the morning. 1820 Keats St. Agnes xxxix, Arise, arise! the morning is at hand. |
4. Of the sun, moon, and stars: To come above the horizon. Also transf. of the day, morning. Now arch. and poet.: see rise.
| c 975 Rushw. Gosp. Mark iv. 6 Ða aras sunne. c 1220 Hali Meid. 11 Meidenhad is te steorre þat beo ha eanes..igan adun..neauer eft ne ariseð ha. c 1350 Will. Palerne 2744 Whan the mone aros. c 1391 Chaucer Astrol. i. §21. 12 Thilke sterres..arisen rather than the degree of hire longitude. 1480 Caxton Chron. Eng. ccxliv. 298 The morne aroos, the day gan spryng. 1592 Shakes. Rom. & Jul. ii. ii. 4 Arise faire Sun and kill the enuious Moone. 1667 Milton P.L. v. 170 While day arises, that sweet hour of Prime. 1820 Byron Mar. Fal. i. ii. 570 At what hour arises the moon? a 1842 Tennyson Miller's Dau. 205 Many suns arise and set. |
5. To rise from the dead, return to life from the grave. Now poetic: see rise.
| c 950 Lindisf. Gosp. Matt. xxvii. 52 Moniᵹa lichoma halᵹa wæra ða ðe slepdon arison. Ibid. xiv. 2 Ðis is Johannes Baptista ðe arrás from deadum. c 1175 Lamb. Hom. 143 Þenne sculen..alle dede arisen. c 1260 Signs bef. Judgm. 53 in E.E.P. (1862) 9 Þan þe dede up sal arise up har biriles forto sitte. 1380 Wyclif De Eccles. ii. Sel. Wks. 1871 III. 340 Þe þridde day oure God aroos from deþ to lyf. 1537 Exp. Creed in Formul. Faith (1856) 60 Even like as our Saviour Jesu Christ..did arise from death to life. 1611 Bible Matt. xxvii. 52 Many bodies of the saints which slept arose. 1712 Steele Spect. No. 356 ¶9 The Temple rends, the Rocks burst, the Dead Arise. 1859 Tennyson Enid 1505 Till yonder man upon the bier arise. |
6. To rise from inaction, from the peaceful, quiet, or ordinary course of life; esp. to rise in hostility or rebellion (against). Now poetic: see rise.
| c 825 Vesp. Ps. iii. 7 Aris dryhten, halne me doa. c 950 Lindisf. Gosp. Matt. x. 21 Wið arr{iacu}sas suna in áldrum. c 1440 Arthur 208 How darst þow..Aȝenst the Emperour þus aryse. c 1460 Fortescue Abs. & Lim. Mon. (1714) 96 Nothyng may make his People to arise, but..lacke of Justyce. 1480 Caxton Chron. Eng. ccxxxix. 264 The comunes arisen vp in dyuerse partyes of the reame and dyden moch harme. 1535 Coverdale Ps. ix. 12 Aryse o Lorde God, lift vp thine honde. 1604 Shakes. Oth. iii. iii. 447 Arise, blacke vengeance, from the hollow hell. a 1703 T. Cooke Tales, Prop. etc. (1729) 211 Had no Genius arose against the Tyranny of Custom. |
7. To rise in violence or agitation, as the sea, the wind; to boil up as a fermenting fluid, the blood; so of the heart, wrath, etc. Now poet.: see rise.
| c 950 Lindisf. Gosp. John vi. 18 Ðe sæ ofstod vel aras. a 1300 K. Horn 868 Horn him gan to agrise, And his blod arise. 1340 Ayenb. 47 Alle þe þinges, huerby þet uless him arist. c 1385 Chaucer L.G.W. 831 Pale he wex therwith his herte [v.r. heer; see 1 b] a-ros. 1393 Gower Conf. I. 20 A tonne, whan his lie arist, To-breketh. 1526 Tindale John vi. 18 The see arose [Wyclif, rose vp] with a greate winde that blew. [So all subseq. vers.] 1611 Bible 2 Sam. xi. 20 If so be that the kings wrath arise. ― Ps. lxxxix. 9 When the waues thereof arise, thou stillest them. 1847 Tennyson Princess i. 96 A wind arose and rush'd upon the South. |
8. transf. Of sounds: To come up aloud, or so as to be audible, to be heard aloud. arch.
| a 1300 Cursor M. 2840 Strange cry in þe toun a-ras. c 1330 Arth. & Merl. 7409 In euerich lond arist song. c 1350 Will. Palerne 3270 Þe cry rudli aros þat reuþe it was to hure. 1393 Gower Conf. I. 267 Through all the world the fame arose. 1611 Bible Acts xxiii. 9 And there arose a great cry. 1859 Tennyson Enid 1812 And in their halls arose The cry of children. |
II. To ascend, go or come higher.
9. To go up, come up, ascend on high, mount. Now only poet.: see rise.
| a 1000 Elene (Gr.) 803 Of þære stówe steám up arás. c 1374 Chaucer Boeth. iv. vi. 143 Þe lyȝte fyre arist into heyȝte. c 1450 Merlin xiv. 207 The duste arose with the wynde. 1594 Willobie in Shaks. C. Praise 9 From whence these flames aryse. 1596 Spenser F.Q. i. x. 4 Dame Cælia..as thought From heav'n to come, or thether to arise. 1676 Hobbes Iliad xxiii. 763 And on his steps trod ere the dust aris. 1704 Pope Winter 46 Nor morning odours from the flow'rs arise. 1820 Keats Hyperion i. 258 A mist arose, as from a scummy marsh. |
† 10. To rise with its summit (as a tree), or surface (as water); to grow taller, or higher, to swell up. Obs.: see rise.
| c 1225 St. Marherete (1866) 18 Te hude..barst on to bleinen þet hit aras up oueral. 1393 Gower Conf. II. 169 Her womb, which of childe aros. 1398 Trevisa Barth. De P.R. xviii. lxxxviii. (1495) 838 The place brennyth soo that bleynes aryseth there. c 1425 Seven Sages (P.) 204 The flore ne may nouȝt aryse. 1652 French Yorksh. Spa ii. 15 In a close glass it [water] ariseth onely ad evitandum vacuum. 1664 Power Exp. Philos. ii. 105 [It] makes a lesser quantity of Quicksilver arise in the Tube. |
† 11. To rise in rank or eminence. Obs.: see rise.
| 1340 Ayenb. 24 Þe ilke þet is zuo heȝe arise ine prosperite. 1534 More Comf. agst. Trib. iii. Wks. 1252/2 Some by handy crafte..some by other kynde of liuing, arise & come forward in y⊇ world. 1664 Power Exp. Philos. i. 59 In these minute Animals their nutritive Liquor never arises to the perfection of bloud. a 1733 North Lives I. 81 Good fortune..in his circuit practice, which made him arise in it faster than young men have commonly done. 1756 J. Warton Ess. Pope (1782) I. iv. 229 Obstacles, which might prevent his arising to that height, which the figure of his nativity promised. |
† 12. To rise in price or amount. Obs.: see rise.
| 1340 Ayenb. 35 Uor to do arise þet gauel. 1643 Caryl Sacr. Covt. 11 They perceived the charge to arise so high. 1714 Swift Corr. II. 515 Stocks arose three per cent. upon it in the city. |
† b. To amount to. Obs.
| 1594 Blundevil Exerc. i. xxvii. 72 If the Summe..do arise to the Summe of 60, or exceed the Number of 60. 1649 Roberts Clavis Bibl. Introd. iii. 56 The whole time..will arise to 591 y[ears] in all. 1679 Penn Addr. Prot. i. §4 (1692) 20 They would arise to Three Times more Money. |
† 13. To come up to a point in a scale, attain to, reach. Obs.: see rise.
| 1611 Cotgr. s.v. Doublement, The price..which he that arises vnto, most commonly carries the thing. 1798 Malthus Popul. (1817) II. 2 The number arising annually to the age of puberty. |
III. To spring up, come above ground, into the world, into existence.
14. To spring forth, as a river, from its source. Obs.: see rise. Also transf. To take its rise, originate. (Still in use.)
| c 950 Lindisf. Gosp. Luke viii. 7 Onᵹel{iacu}c arison ðornas. 1398 Trevisa Barth. De P.R. xiii. viii. (1495) 444 The ryuer Doryx arysyth a lytyll fro the heed of Eufrates. 1548 Udall, etc. Erasm. Par. Luke ii, To haue the talke of his birth..to aryse and beginne of suche reporters. 1645 E. Pagitt Heresiogr. (1662) 87 A third sort of Brownists did arise from one Mr. Wilkinson. 1875 Grindon Life xxv. 319 Simple and original forms, from which they [carnations, etc.] have arisen under the stimulus of culture. 1879 Timbs in Cassell's Techn. Educ. IV. 250/2 The lymphatics..absorb lymph from the organs in which they arise. |
15. To be born, come into the world of life or action.
| c 950 Lindisf. Gosp. Matt. xxiv. 11 Moniᵹo lease w{iacu}tᵹo arisað. 1205 Lay. 1248 Þer scal of þine cunne kine-bearn arisen. 1535 Coverdale Deut. xxxiv. 10 There arose [Wyclif, there roos] no prophet more in Israel like vnto Moses. 1646 Sir T. Browne Pseud. Ep. 274 There was..never any Autochthon, or man arising from the earth but Adam. 1763 J. Brown Poetry & Mus. xii. 198 After many Centuries had passed in Darkness, Guido arose. 1875 Bryce Holy Rom. Emp. xv. 241 In the fourteenth century there arose in Italy the first great masters of painting and song. Mod. A false prophet calling himself the Mahdi has arisen in the Soudan. |
16. Of things: To spring up, usually with some reference to the literal sense of rise, as if: To be raised, built. Mostly poet. or rhet.
| a 1000 Riddles (Grein) iv. 20 Ar{iacu}seþ d{uacu}n ofer d{yacu}pe. 1704 Pope Windsor For. 26 And 'midst the desart fruitful fields arise. 1859 Tennyson Vivien 525 So long, that mountains have arisen since With cities on their flanks. 1864 ― Aylmer's F. 147 Beyond her lodges..arose the labourers' homes. |
17. Of circumstances viewed as results: To spring, originate, or result from (of obs.).
| 1205 Lay. 9383 Nu þu iherest of wuche gomen aras þer þe to-nome. 1393 Langl. P. Pl. C. xiii. 230 So of rychesse vpon richesse · arisen al vices. 1393 Gower Conf. I. 240 Therof might arise a sclaunder. 1599 Shakes. Hen. V, iv. vii. 186 Some sodaine mischiefe may arise of it. 1605 Bacon Adv. Learn. ii. v. §2 Out of which several inquiries there do arise three knowledges. 1651 Hobbes Leviath. ii. xxv. 131 Arising from the Imperative manner of speaking. 1661 Lovell Hist. Anim. & Min. 219 Whence arised the old proverb, as sound as a Roche. 1793 Smeaton Edystone L. §131 Comfort arose from the reflection. 1837 J. H. Newman Par. Serm. I. xviii. 266 This..arises from ignorance of religion itself. |
18. Of matters generally: To spring up, come into existence or notice, ‘come up,’ present itself. arising out of: used, with loose construction, to introduce a circumstance, action, proposal, etc., arising out of an event, statement, etc.
| a 1000 Guthlac (Grein) 10 Sindon costinga..moniᵹe arisene. c 1230 Ancr. R. 234 In þe muchele anguise aros þe muchele mede. c 1400 Rom. Rose 7543 And on the folke ariseth blame. 1513 Douglas æneid v. iv. 43 Heir first guid hope arrais to the twa last. 1526 Tindale Mark iv. 17 As trouble and persecucion aryseth for the wordes sake. [So Cranm., Geneva, 1611; Wyclif, riseth.] 1590 Shakes. Com. Err. v. i. 388 Thereupon these errors are arose. 1704 Swift Batt. Bks. (1711) 228 If a new Species of controversial Books had not arose of late years. 1833 I. Taylor Fanat. x. 433 Noticing as it arises, whatever fairly bears upon the question. 1849 Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. 145 All questions which arose in the Privy Council. 1922 Joyce Ulysses 310 Arising out of the question of my honourable friend,..may I ask [etc.]? 1928 Daily News 8 Dec. 9/3 Arising out of the Goddard case, [a man] was summoned..for threatening..an ex-Constable. |
b. With more of the literal sense. (Hence often rise. Cf. 7, 9.)
| 1708 Pope St. Cecilia 24 If in the breast tumultuous joys arise. 1711 Addison Spect. No. 166 ¶3 Those Thoughts which arise and disappear in the Mind of Man. 1790 Burke Fr. Rev. 11, I beg leave to throw out my thoughts, and express my feelings, just as they arise in my mind. 1857 Maurice Epist. St. John iv. 55 Then arises in our minds a terrible sense of shame. |
▪ II. † aˈrise, n. Obs. rare.
[f. prec. vb.; cf. rise, and earlier arist.]
Arising, rising.
| 1590 Greene Neuer too late (1600) 61 Brighter then the sunnes arise. 1646 Sir T. Browne Pseud. Ep. 286 To beginne harvest at the arise of the Pleiades. c 1665 H. Woolrich Sheph. Israel to Bps. (title page) The arise of the Beast, False Prophet, and Anti-Christ. |