acetylation Chem.
(əˌsɛtɪˈleɪʃən)
[f. acetyl + -ation.]
The introduction of one or more acetyl groups into (a compound) by means of a chemical reaction. Hence acetylate (əˈsɛtɪleɪt), v.; aˈcetylated, aˈcetylating ppl. adjs.
| 1895 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. LXVII. 447 Acetylation of Cellulose. 1908 Ann. Rep. Chem. Soc. V. 83 Many experiments on the..acetylation of amino-groups have also been made. 1909 Webster, Acetylate, v. 1927 T. Woodhouse Artificial Silk iv. 31 The raw material is almost invariably cotton which is acetylated by acetic anhydride in the presence of a catalyst, usually sulphuric acid... The cellulose acetate thus formed is precipitated by the addition of water, and freed from its acetylating solution. 1939 Nature 29 July 217/1 Modifications in the acetylation of cellulose for the production of acetate rayon include the use of special solvents. 1946 Nature 19 Oct. 553/2 Believing that the usual methods of acetylation give degraded products, Wassermann has attempted to acetylate alginic acid with ketene. 1959 Times Rev. Industry Sept. 4/1 Non-cellulosic fibres such as..acetylated cellulose (Tricel). |
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Add: aˈcetylator n., a person or animal capable of acetylation at a specified characteristic rate.
| 1965 Clin. Pharmacol. & Therapeutics VI. 430 There is a clear polymorphism for the acetylation of isoniazid, sulfamethazine, and hydralazine, so that human beings are clearly divisible into either slow or rapid acetylators. 1973 Gut XII. 631 The metabolism of salicylazosulphapyridine was studied in 16 patients with ulcerative colitis admitted to hospital. The acetylator phenotype was determined on admission. 1990 Mutagenesis V. 553/1 C57BL/6J mice..are rapid acetylators relative to the A/J mice. 1992 Independent 27 Oct. 13/5 To their relief, while the controls fell equally into slow and fast acetylators, an amazing 10 out of 11 cancer patients fell into the slow category. |