You need to declare the type of the sox output by adding `-t wav` before the second `-`.
When it's a file name, sox peeps at the name and deduces the type from there, but when it's stdout, the type needs to be declared.
You might also want to declare all other settings as well (`-b 16 -e signed -c 1`) rather than assuming they are transferred from the input; all before the last `-` that nominates the output.