The constant `EMERGENCY_PARSER` is located in the advanced printer configuration file Marlin/Configuration_adv.h:
// Enable an emergency-command parser to intercept certain commands as they
// enter the serial receive buffer, so they cannot be blocked.
// Currently handles M108, M112, M410
// Does not work on boards using AT90USB (USBCON) processors!
//#define EMERGENCY_PARSER
To enable the `EMERGENCY_PARSER`, you need to remove the `//` before `#define EMERGENCY_PARSER` and recompile the sources.
Normally your printer will execute a command until it is ready to accept a next instruction. Without the `EMERGENCY_PARSER` set, the printer finishes the instruction that it is executing at the moment, if set, the execution is interrupted and immediately sent and thus not waiting for a clear space in the buffer.