Yes, Japanese quotation marks (``) can be used to enclose non-literal or figurative expressions.
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Double corner brackets (``) and Western-style double-quotes (`“ ”`)are also commonly used for this purpose. This article seems good.
But please don't think take this as a hard rule. As a matter of fact, Japanese people use brackets fairly loosely. Quotation marks are not strongly associated with sarcasm, either. See the following questions.
* don't seem to be 'quotation marks' in news article titles, what do they mean?
* Do Japanese people use quotation marks for emphasis?
(By the way, the "brain" of a PC is usually a CPU, isn't it?)