The usage of noun+すること If my understanding is correct, the pattern verb+ is used to "noun-ify" a verb, similar to the to-infinitive in English. For example, to translate "My dream is **to become** a programmer", I would say **** . However, I see expressions like "to study" and "to debut", but aren't and already nouns? Thus, is basically the same as ?

You're right. For example, (as a verb) essentially has the same meaning as (as a noun), and they are pretty much used interchangeably. If you want to get technical, the first one is 'to study' while the second is 'to do studying'. The same applies to your question. Both addingand not adding it are valid. That is because some verbs already pass as nouns.

more accurately means the 'action of studying', and by itself is like simply 'studying'. They both work, but perhaps just using the noun on its own is less awkward, as long as you know it's already a noun.