If the number of expected days (ploughing 120 hectares a day) is $x$ you have $120x = A$ where $A$ is the total area.
Instead the farmer increased the workload after two days to $150$, as you stated.
In the first two days they plowed $240$ hectares, so in this new set up the total area can be seen as $240 + 150n = A$ where $n$ is the total number of days they ploughs $150$ hectares. You can see that $x - 2 = n + 2$, so $n = x-4$.
You now have $240 + 150(x-4) = 120x$ which you can rearrange to give $x = 12$. From here it follows that $A = 1440$, and $n = 8$. (Actual days spent ploughing $=10$)