l'action all right what I was going to do is there's been questions on that on how people made these stones which was done by the method of pecking and grinding there's some confusion sometimes on on how that's done or even that it that it is they see stones and they say well I don't see the markings that I normally am used to which would be these type of markings which which has been made by by napping making the arrowheads by by breaking flaky these you know it would be like flint or obsidian and how how you know you can see all the where it flakes off of there which is a common thing but in these things like this which is granite which is really hard you can't flake this and so I wanted just to talk a little bit about pecking and grinding I would say that the best way to describe it in modern terms would be sculpting but what what so what they do is they they shape this rock using a stone similar to this this would be similar to a hammer stone but we're used to hammer stones being something like this or rounded even like this and that this one here is is one that that I found in it and it's used quite often but you can see that it the markings on this and how it's been made so you can fit your finger right over it comfortably so the palm of your the palm of your finger fits in there and so your finger just comes right along and it's real comfortable and so then what they do is they have the method of pecking and grinding pecking being this which breaks it off in chips not flakes but it just breaks it off like sculpting so so they hit it and form it what I like about this one here is that this has been formed to pecking and grinding it also shows that it's been ground or another term polished polished in the areas where after they Peck and form it they take a stone similar to this or even this you can see it's flat and they hold it and then they they they grind or polish it which is smooth out where they pecked it and this one I like it because you can see the rough mark where they haven't done that they they haven't ground it or polished it so I hope that shows up on camera but you can see the rough part on the side where it has where it's been taken and use it's been used or or packed using the stone like this chipping it out shaping it but it hasn't been ground yet yet on this part it's all been ground and polished and it's really smooth that means that they they actually smooth it out but they didn't this almost like they they made this whole thing and then they then they did this hip-hop you can see kind of how they get knock that out formed it into a point this side to where they knocked it out formed it into a point using an S tone similar to this that's why I really really like this stone because it shows that we got stones like this and really hard this is really a neat one that they use to a pestle that you can see that what they would do is you see kind of some of the rough spots but this has really been smooth out and so you can um what happened is that they use this to form it and they would just they would just pick it chip it and then and then after that they really really smoothed it down polished it and worked it until it was all really smooth to turn it into this nice piece here it's really nice artifact here's an example here that's been packed now they getting they use different stones besides this will make it a use eye stone like this which is a hammer like stone and then- just you know if it's also uncomfortable but anyway just knocked it out and shaped it this one hasn't been polished ER or ground and you can see how and I really like this one because it's just really crude and how it's been just packed you see how it ships out doesn't flake the drips out and you can even see where they've really worked this in here which where they would have it and use it as like a digging tool or or whatever did it just quit that's my phone so anyway so anyway so this is a great example because they did not they did they did not grind it down or polish it they just knocked it out but I like here and this one as you can see what's been happening this is a common thing there's a little thing around in there little hole that's something to do with the way they have to did um somebody's just like they well done I didn't they did it and and I don't see that they did a lot it had a lot of use of it here's another thing that they would do is and get it down now I think that these little things also would work as you know these antlers to make to make these by like the percussion or pressure points and they you know not these sides out like this I think you know instead of antlers I mean this looks like an apple but these things that I find I think we used for working this stone especially the more glass like stone Flint obsidian and chert make these here now another example of technique I mean would have been you see how this wedge-shaped hammer ax has all been smooth but this will start this was worked by using a pecking stone and just knocking it into shape and towards a wedge and then taking a grinding stone and then grinding it polishing it down work out all the smooth some work it all smooth smooth and this was half did you can see them the marks here the glue they used to haft it onto something to use it as a rock to work stone or whatever anyway you got I got examples of here of slate which would been more both used in the you know you could grind it but you could also also this would be it breaks off in flakes as this a good will stay here yes see how somebody hit that and knock that out that piece out and some other pieces so you know maybe it's like a lot like a flint and then and so then that would have been then you can grind them you can grind any of them here's another example of a slate that was you can see that has been knocked out not ground but knocked off broke off and worked and then you like I say they could grind them here's another one slate a lot like arrowheads its slates a little more brittle but not quite as real but anyway you can see how that's been warped into an edge here something about these that you did you know slate problem artifacts seem to be less recognized you just don't think you'll find them because a lot of this stuff when it has its back like this they think that that's just a broken piece but it's not that's meant to be that way they use these as knives they use the one side and a lot of times they would hand hold D sleeves and this here was where your hand would fit so that you could use them to scrape or to use his knives and so that this really these are really nice you might find these out and my bottom of cliffs and stuff and so anyway anyway just a slight exercise you know talking about how this one here I call a knife but it really it isn't a knife it is a grinding stone but to make grooves but it was made through pecking and grinding because this is not a rock that's real brittle and so they would have had to form it through the pecking and grinding method anyway that's kind of an idea of how they plunder stones and you can see videos on that show even natives from the Amazon and how they actually form some of these rocks through pecking and grinding but anyway there's a little demonstration and thanks for watching