Step 1 : $15% $ of $800$ is 120 . Now out of $800$ , we know $ 120$ are of full length coats
step 2 : if $500$ shorter once are removed from the total of $ 800 $ then left once are $300$ now of these $300$ we have 120 as full length and rest shorter once
Steo 3 : Calculate this % of full length from 300 left and it is $\frac {120}{300} \times 100 = 40$ %