Your understanding is correct: $α \vDash β$ means that $α$ is a logical consequence of $β$.
There is no "standard" truth table for it, but of course you can use truth table: write a t-t for the formulas $α$ and $β$ and check if in every line of the t-t where $α$ is evaluated to TRUE also $β$ is TRUE.
If so, this will show that the second is consequence of the first.