Does 発作 imply involuntary muscle movement? Most Americans hear "seizure" and envision a loss of muscle control. But there are many kinds of "seizures". When a Japanese hears "" do they also imagine a loss of muscle control? Some seizures are as benign as a temporary loss of awareness of one's surroundings.

by itself refers to a sudden "attack" of symptom, and it is used with various diseases:

* A []{} (asthma) causes breathlessness.
* A (gout) causes severe foot pain.
* refers to heart attacks, typically due to angina pectoris.



_Epileptic seizure_ is specifically called , where is _epilepsy_ (disease name). Sometimes by itself can refer to individual seizure episodes, although it's technically incorrect.

What people imagine with depends on how much they know about epilepsy and seizures. There are probably many people who only know the "grand mal" type (known as in Japanese). Professional healthcare providers might wonder "What kind of are you talking about?" Here is the list of of epilepsy, written in Japanese.

Finally, is the word that refers to involuntary and spastic muscle movements (symptom name; caused by various diseases).