Why does 音を表したことば use the past tense? In the sentence > why is it **** rather than **** ? I'm reading < but I'm not sure if this sentence produces a resultative state (like the answer suggests). I've also read that can also indicate a continuative state/action like does, and the justification is that in relative clauses the past tense can be neutralized, but I don't seem to understand this correctly. I've found this example (from < > > A person wearing (in-progress) a white-collar shirt > > > A person who "wore"/put-on (and still has on) a white-collar shirt. > > * * * > > > A cat who is currently fat > > > A cat who got/become (and still is) fat but I'm not sure if this applies to every verb or just some verbs (maybe ?). Also, does the verb being transitive/intransitive affect the meaning of as non-past?

can be interpreted either as "a person who (then) put on a shirt" or "a person wearing a shirt". On the other hand, can also mean either "a person who is putting on a shirt" or "a person wearing a shirt". So, they are a paraphrase when they are used in the latter usage respectively.