この世界にあとから入った者は先輩の世話をさせられる > **** 1. Does modify or is a local adverb, saying: "In this world,... 2. I'm having problems with . So far, my textbook only taught me about as a suffix, basically meaning "after". However, I've never seen attached to to a particle, so I'd rather see it connected to as a prefix, making "", which would somehow indicate a timespan starting **after** a certain point in time. 3. . I guess the subject of this causative passive are the who are coerced to help their sempais?

= "from afterwards", i.e. "at a later date", "later than", "subsequently" or simply "after" So = "Those who have entered this world later" This is the topic of the sentence, marked as usual with . = "are made to perform services for their seniors" (i.e those who entered the this world before them) So a literalish version would be "Those who enter this world later are made to perform services for their seniors" I'd go for something like "Those who join the sumo world later find themselves at the beck and call of those who preceded them - their senpai"