You can see the wikipedia article on meristem.
The apical meristem differentiates into floral meristem that gives rise to flowers. From this the cells specifically expressing _APETALA3 (AP3), PISTILLATA (PI), AGAMOUS (AG) and SEPALLATA (SEP)_ would give rise to the stamen [[ref]](
CRC gene is essential for female development and plants lacking this will not produce pistils. So cells expressing this gene will give rise to female parts[[ref]](
Nonetheless mutation happening at any stage of the development of floral meristem can be transmitted to the pollens/ovules if the mutated cells stochastically give rise to that lineage.