In most cases when you want to say _woman_ in a sentence, you can use or possibly {} is safer because it is more polite, even if sometimes may sound natural.
As suggested in the linked answer, is more used in contexts like "for female" or, in recent usage, to refer to a category of women who are engaged in a certain kind of activities. An example of the former is . For the latter, means _women who paly golf_ and means _women who ride motor bikes_.
sounds usually vulgar if used to mean _women_. It can appear in the sense of _for female_ as in {} (bath for women, in public bath).
So, in the sense of _woman_ , the difference of // is more a matter of collocation/usage.
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Note that a student can call female classmates . So they can say ( _I talked with a female classmate_ ), which would sound odd if a 30 year old guy says it (He should say if it is an adult woman; if a young woman/girl).
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Similarly {} would be the most common if you mean a male individual.