The Freebike bikes in Helsinki, Finland, operate without app using credit card and contact payment, each bike with their own payment terminal. They claim it is the first in the world. Of course they have an app that can be used for locating bikes and finding the free return location (almost nobody actually does that, they're left around just like scooters).
EDIT: The "Boris bikes" in London, Velib in Paris and several others have accepted card payments at docking stations without app or user account for some time, so the claim is a bit exaggerated.