From a related discussion in this recent MO answer, it seems Sharp got the tribonacci-like equation for the snub dodecahedron from **Appendix A** of _"Closed-Form Expressions for Uniform Polyhedra and Their Duals"_ by Peter Messer.
**I.** It is known that circumradius $R$ for a snub cube of unit edge length is given by
$$R = \frac12\sqrt{\frac{3-T}{2-T}}=1.34371\dots$$
where $T$ is the real root of,
$$T^3-T^2-T=1\tag1$$
**II.** On a hunch, after some experimentation, I found that for the snub dodecahedron, one just uses **_the same formula_**
$$R = \frac12\sqrt{\frac{3-x}{2-x}}=2.15584\dots$$
where $x$ is the real root of,
$$x^3-x^2-x=\phi\tag2$$
And given
$$z^3-2z = \phi\tag3$$
it turns out the relationship between Sharp's $(2)$ and Wikipedia's $(3)$ is simply,
$$x=\frac{\phi+z}z$$