hey there are Clara files and clarify let's we're going to do a video on how to replace clarinet pads this is a very good thing to know how to do especially if your students have an emergency they have a pad drop out or you yourself have problems with pads you should be able to do a basic pad replacement and get yourself through that really tight squeeze of maybe a concert that's coming up and or whatever anyway replacing pads is very simple it's a very easy thing to do if everything is rightly prepared before you actually do the operation of replacing the pad and in order to do that you have to answer certain questions we're going to answer those questions and answer them right now and then once that's all set up you'll see how simple pad replacement can be our net pads come in many different sizes in many different shapes and are made out of many different materials this is a traditional skin pad it's made of a disc of felt it's wrapped in cow intestines and it's backed up by a very firm paste board and it's all glued together there this is a double bladder pad which means basically it has has two skins that are wrapped around and that gives it a little bit of extra sealing power and these are the traditional pads that you find in most clarinets today this is actually it looks like a court pad but it's actually a synthetic pad it's a quiet court pad and it's made by Valentino but court pads and these synthetic pads are pretty much they work the same they handle pretty much the same in many ways they seal very well and this is another synthetic patent Valentin a white pad and I like to use those those are very good now all three of those can be used in padding the next question would be what kind of glue would you like to use to install a one of these pads or the other you know we have two different types of glue this is called George's glue it's actually was used originally for furniture work and it was developed by a a repair tech and George Jamison who lived in Milwaukee and it's a wonderful glue it's a very high-temperature glue works super well and it's used mainly for installing cork pads and skin pads now and you can get it in stick form but I really like to put it in a pellet form now and then here is a very common glue that's used by a lot of repair techs and that is hot milk glue this is a low temp hot milk glue it's certainly the kind of stuff that you would want to use in the valentino synthetic pads because you don't want to use high temperature in order to in order to seat those pads so there are other kinds of glues or french shellac French Lac is not really used very much anymore it was a a very good material for gluing end pads but it would also shrink and pads would drop out you must have much less problem with pad droppage when you use George's glue and when you use this stuff George's glue is available from JL Smith you can find him on the Internet hot melt glue low temp op melt glue you can get at any hobby shop and a lot of these things are available at hobby shops so anyway today I'm going to be using I'm going to be using George's glue and I'm going to be floating in a scan pad the next question needed to ask is exactly what size of pad are you going to install in the key club and the answer to that can be helped along by looking at the pad that you just removed the defective pad this pad for instance I just removed this as a valentino pad and it's only 9 millimeters it's only nine milliliters it fit you fit right in there in that pad right there and we're going to going to replace it and we're going to replace it with a skin pad this guy right here but you notice that that this guy's larger than this guy this is a skin pad but if I flip it over you see it's beveled on the back well with skin pads they bevel and they fit in to the tone hole so the bevel is actually a little smaller than the 9 millimeters there so putting that bevel pad in a skin pad you would use a 10 millimeter pad where a quart pad you'd use an 8.5 or a 9 millimeter pad so you have to take that into account one of the other things that is good to take into account is the thickness of pads now you see these two pads the valentino pad is is thicker then the skin pad that means that I'm going to put a little more glue in now if this is really excessive if if the pad you're going to be putting in is so much thinner than the you're going to be that's going to be replaced then it's really going to be difficult with Georgia's glue I can build up and put in quite a bit of glue and it's a good thing actually for floating the pad in but if I'm using this kind of glue this stuff melts really easily and you have to be very careful about how much heat you put on it elsewise the stuff will just run out all over all over the key cup and onto the clarinet and be a big mess you'll have to start over again and probably get another pad so all these things are serious considerations remember this is low temp if you put too much ugh too much glue too much heat on it it's going to turn into pure liquid the georgia's glue is quite a bit higher higher in temperature so you can be a little more liberal with the heat on that skin pads take a fair amount of heat and so I'm going to use George's glue and I'm going to use George's glue first of all to float it in and second of all to build it up a little bit so I can replace the skin pad where the valentino pad once was just to make it clear how important it is to have the proper thickness of pad to start out with I've done a few drawings here you'll notice that there's a pad sitting properly on the Town Hall ceiling all the way around and this is exactly what we're looking for but if the pad is too thin or too thick you won't get this results without some extraordinary means you'll notice for instance in this next rowing the pad is hitting in the back and leaking in the front well that could mean that I've got too much glue in the pad but in this case it means that the pad is way too thick and I would have to put an excessive amount of glue in the front to make the pad properly seat and then the key cup wouldn't sit properly on the tone hole and this is probably the worst problem that you find among pads is people trying to install pads that are too thick and declare nets that were meant for thinner pads and it's very frustrating and even when you get it so the pad actually seats it usually looks terrible so the best thing is always to start with the pad with the proper thickness in the beginning and that makes life a lot easier the next pad you'll see is leaking in the back and hitting in the front and and this is in spite of you know quite a bit of glue there in the pad cub what this means is that you've got a very very thin pad much thinner than it should be for that particular clarinet and you end up with leaking in the back and again this is a solvable problem unless the case is really really extreme in terms of the thinness of the pad but the best thing as always is to have a pad of the proper thickness and it simplifies life a whole lot besides the pads what else am I going to need to make sure that I've got everything prepared properly for this pad replacement well I'm going to need a spring hook maybe maybe not every time but in some cases I might need a spring hook I'm going to need a needle here in order to prick the pad the pads seal very well so if you put heat on them they can balloon up but if you put a little bitty pinhole in them then that allows the heat to escape and then the butter pad won't blown up and because you don't want that the other thing is that I'm going to include a pad slick now you can use a normal table knife to do that you know the ones without any edge and the table knife will work really well or any thick flat piece I would round it off if I were you sanded so it's smooth and everything because that can cut the skin if you're not careful and you're going to also probably need if you have to remove the key you're going to need a screwdriver and in fact we are going to be removing the key I'm going to replace and I'm going to do that right now you