If the processes are somewhat interactive / not suitable for running as daemons, you're looking for something like GNU Screen or tmux \- both of them allow you to start a session with multiple windows in them and detach and reattach that session:
tmux new-session session-1
# start an application
C-b d # C-b means Ctrl-b
# You're now back in your terminal and can disconnect from the server
# After connecting again, use
tmux attach -t session-1
# to get back to your previously created session.
The workflow for screen is similar but I don't know it off the top of my head.