Which chemical and hormonal effects on heart are by metabolites? I am thinking which hormonal and chemical effects from: * catecholamines * thyroxin * corticosteroids * sex hormones * prostaglandins * Ca2+ * Na+ * K+ can be be regarded as metabolites i.e. intermediates or products of metabolism. I got this question > Account for chemical and hormonal effects on the heart. and I am thinking if I should include metabolites as a factor as > Metabolites by intrinsic autoregulative system locally because the autoregulation of heart is very important factor in the physiology of the heart. **Can you regard some metabolites as having hormonal and chemical effects?**

Ions are not hormones. Ions are not metabolites either.

Technically, anything that is not directly absorbed from environment but is synthesized/modified in the body is a metabolite. Even if you don't consider polypeptides as metabolites (which for some reason are not classified as metabolites in scientific parlance), all the molecules that you mention are metabolites with known biosynthetic pathways.