On the 3560 switch, as well as on most modern L3 switches still being sold, L3 is done on ASIC that handles a number of things - including L2 switching, L3 routing, ACLs, QoS and so on. "Normal CPU" is being used for chassis management and interaction with the user/admin.
There's no separate "card" in 1RU/2RU systems usually. On the chassis systems yes, sometimes L3 processing is done on a separate daughterboard on the line cards (in distributed fashion) or in main management module (usually called Supervisor).