Artificial intelligent assistant

Parsing いずれも言葉に出して教えられるものが文明の根底にある Below is an excerpt from an article selected for an examination paper concocted by and aimed at Chinese. > **** The official translation parses the last clause as > Which I agree, but I can't seem to rule out another possible structure, though less likely it appears: > I thought this could be resolved by confirming if this article adheres to instead of , but it is a murky question in this case. There is such a sentence: > **** **** ****

and can coexist in one paragraph or in one sentence, and native speakers often use them almost randomly. In general, you should not rely on them to determine how to parse a sentence.

That said, a te-form meaning "by/with ing" tends not to be in or followed by a comma. For example, and are usually more common than and even in formal documents where is preferred.

In your case, you seem to know the author (basically) prefers the style, and is not followed by a comma. So you may think this tends to mean "to teach orally" rather than "to say, and (then) teach". (Of course, it is often the case that the context or your common sense is the only clue.)

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