I'll answer the first question. (Asking more than one question per post is discouraged.)
Since each edge is incident at two vertices and adjacent to two faces, your conditions imply
$$e\ge\frac{4v}2=2v\;,$$ $$e\ge\frac{4f}2=2f\;,$$
where $v$, $e$, $f$ are the numbers of vertices, edges and faces, respectively. Adding the two inequalities yields $e\ge v+f$, which contradicts Euler's polyhedron formula, $v-e+f=2$.