Another way of looking at this: \begin{align} X^8+X^4+1&=(X^4-X^2+1)(X^2-X+1)(X^2+X+1)\\\ &=\Phi_{12}\Phi_6\Phi_3\,, \end{align} where $\Phi_n$ is the cyclotomic polynomial, each irreducible, with roots the primitive $n$-th roots of unity.
So the splitting field is $\Bbb Q(\zeta_{12})$, Galois group well described by @BrettFrankel.