I have solved the issue.
I have been meaning to do this move for a few months. in that time I have been rsyncing all users folders to the new server.
I forgot to add the --delete command to the rsync command thus old email messages were accumulating on the destination (new) server even after the user had deleted them from the old server.
Therefore when I switched to the new server dovecot automatically indexed the extra emails and the clients dutifully picked them up.