Defining what type of casting based on IPv4 address I'm kinda new to networking. I have a small question, how can I determine what type of casting (unicast, multicast or broadcast) is it based on IPv4 address. For example: 142.55.172.200 I tried to search up but I still don't understand. Thank you.

For IPv4, unicast addresses are in the `0.0.0.0` to `223.255.255.255` range*, multicast addresses are in `224.0.0.0` to `239.255.255.255` address range.

*Broadcast addresses are more complicated. There is the limited broadcast address (`255.255.255.255`) that works on all networks, but there is also a network broadcast address that is the last address in a network.

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For a full explanation of IPv4 network addressing, see this two-part answer.